Sprain / Strain

Ns. M. Nurman, M.Kep

SPRAIN

 stretchand/or tear of a ligament

caused by a sudden pull
 one or more ligaments can be
injured at the same time
 severity of injury
—› extent of injury and number
of ligaments involved
STRAIN

 injury to either a muscle or a

tendon as a result of
suddenlly pulling them too far
 simple overstretch of muscle
or tendon, or result of a
partial or complete tear
What Causes a Sprain?
fall
sudden twist
blow to the body that forces
a joint out of its normal
position and stretches or
tears the ligament supporting
that joint
Where Do Sprains Usually Occur?
most common site: the
ankle

frequently occur at the

wrist
sprain to the thumb
common in skiing and
other sports
What Are the Signs and
Symptoms of a Sprain?

pain
swelling
bruising
instability
loss
of functional ability
sometimes a pop or tear
when the injury happens
What Causes a Strain?

twistingor pulling a
muscle or tendon

acute or chronic
—› recent trauma or
result of overuse
Where Do Strains Usually Occur?
two common sites: the back and the hamstring muscle
hand and forearm, elbow
What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a
Strain?
 typical—›pain, limited
motion, muscle spasms,
possibly muscle weakness
 localized swelling,
cramping, or inflammation
and, with a minor or
moderate strain, usually
some loss of muscle
function
How Are Sprains and
Strains Treated?

RICE Therapy
Rest

Ice

Compression

Elevation
Can Sprains and Strains Be Prevented?
Avoid exercising or playing sports when
tired or in pain.
Maintain a healthy, well-balanced diet to
keep muscles strong.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Practice safety measures to help prevent
falls.
Wear shoes that fit properly.
Replace athletic shoes as soon as the tread
wears out or the heel wears down on one
side.
Do stretching exercises
daily.
Be in proper physical
condition to play a sport.
Warm up and stretch before
participating in any sports or
exercise.
Wear protective equipment
when playing.
Run on even surfaces.
References :
sportsmedicine.about.com
hon.nucleusinc.com
orthopedics.about.com
orthoinfo.aaos.com
acupuncture.com
physicaltherapy.about.com
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION!