Earliest Forms Of

Governments
Earliest Forms Of Governments

A king and his advisors typically headed the

earliest city governments.
Hammurabi, the ancient Babylonian King,
who lived in Mesopotamia between 3700 and
3950 years ago, was known for the set of laws
that he declared called the Code of
Hammurabi.
Code of Hammurabi
- contained laws applying to property rights,
loans and debts, family rights, and even damages
paid for malpractice by a physician.
Code of Hammurabi
While some civilizations flourished under a single
ruler with extraordinary governing abilities, other
civilizations possessed a widespread governing
bureaucracy that was very efficient at every level.
The government of the Inca empire is one such
example.
Inca civilization (Peru)

Surpassed every other civilization of the

Americas and most of Eurasia.
An emperor, regarded as the divine son of the
Sun God, headed the government. Under him
came the royal family, the aristocracy, imperial
administrators, and lower nobility, and below
them the masses of artisans, craftsmen, and
farmers.
Inca Empire

- was divided into four administrative regions,

then further subdivided into provinces, villages,
and families.
Agricultural and tax officials closely supervised
farming activities, such as planting, irrigation,
and harvesting.
Teams of professional relay runners carried
messages up to 250 miles in a single day over a
network of roads and bridges that remains
impressive even today.
 Bramin
(Priests)
Kshatriya
(Warriors)
Vaisya
(Merchants, Landowners)
Sudra
(Commoners, peasants,
servants)
Out Caste or Untouchables
(street sweepers, latrine
cleaners)