A

PRESENTATION
ON

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION

OF ZEOLITE Y FROM IKOT ABASI
KAOLIN CLAY

BY

ABRAHAM, AKANINYENE MONDAY

AK15/ENG/CPE/001
 OUTLINE
• INTRODUCTION
• AIM & OBJECTIVES
• STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
• SCOPE OF RESEARCH
• EXTENT OF PAST WORK
• MATERIALS & METHOD
• RESULT & DISCUSSION
• CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION
 INTRODUCTION
• The rising energy demand which calls for the processing of
heavy petroleum feedstock has increased the importance of
developing a new catalyst system, thus zeolite Y.
• Zeolite yields from 10 – 20% of more gasoline and cleaner
fuels than earlier catalyst did(Babalola et. al.,2017).
• Zeolite are crystalline, micro porous, alumino-silicate material
having a highly ordered rigid 3-dimensional infinite
framework.
• The properties which enable them to perform all these
functions in several industrial applications are their
uniform pore size, thermal & hydrothermal stability,
their hydrophobic/hydrophilic nature to some
solutes(Mgbemere et al., 2017).

• Zeolite are conventionally performed by

hydrothermal process using commercial chemical
chemicals serving as sources of silica and alumina.
e.g sodium-aluminate.
• This chemicals are generally expensive and leads to
high cost of zeolite production which limits their
commercialization and uses.
• Therefore the use of cheap and relatively abundant
raw material which serve as a combined source of
silica & alumina for zeolite production.
Structure of zeolite silicate showing its
pores(schuring,2002)
 AIM & OBJECTIVES

This study is carried out to synthesize and characterize

Zeolite Y from Ikot Abasi kaolin clay .
The specific objectives are;
• To identify the best clay sample for faujasite zeolite
synthesis .
• To characterize at various stages using XRD, XRF.
 PROBLEM STATEMENT

• Nigeria is blessed with abundant kaolin clay yet the

country solely depends on imported zeolite as

catalyst. thus, the need to harness the abundance of

this clay minerals for the synthesis of zeolite catalyst

as substitute to imported zeolite.

 SCOPE OF RESEARCH

• This research work involves obtaining

kaolin clay from Ikot Abasi LGA and
subjecting it to various stages of refining
for Zeolite Y development.
 EXTENT OF PAST WORKS
NAMES TOPIC REVIEW
(AUTHOR)

Htay & Oo.,(2008) Preparation of zeolite Y Fused kaolin with NAOH,

catalyst for petroleum the fused mixture was
cracking. hydrothermally crystallized
and the product was
mixed phases of zeolite Y
and zeolite P.

Christidis et. al.,(2008) Synthesis of FAU type zeolite Y Synthesized zeolite Y from
from natural material. silica & pearlite. This was
fused with NAOH and was
crystallized at temperature
of 90˙c , the product was
zeolite P,Y and gmelinite.
 MATERIALS & METHOD
MATERIALS

Kaolin clay, deionized water, sodium hydroxide

pellet, filter paper, ammonium chloride.

APPARATUS
Beakers, measuring cylinder, conical flask, ceramics
crucibles, wooden mortar, spatula, Tyler mesh sieve.
 KAOLIN
BENEFICIATION

CALCINATION @
850˙C

DEALUMINATION

GELATION

AGEING
(7&9) DAYS

CRYSTALIZATION
@ 100˙C

ZEOLITE NaY

ZEOLITE HY
 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
XRF RESULT OF RAW IKOT-ABASI KAOLIN

Chemical Raw Kaolin Weight

Composition(s) Percent (wt%)
Si 70.09
Al 18.65
Fe 10.65
Ca 8.42
Ti 3.25
Nb 2.11
K 1.81
Cl 0.73
Mg 0.41
P 0.33
Si/Al 2.58
XRD PATTERN FOR RAW IKOT ABASI CLAY
XRF RESULT FOR IKOT ABASI METAKAOLIN

Chemical Calcination @ 850˙c

Composition(s)
SiO2 50.166
Al2O3 20.809
Fe2O3 2.490
CaO 0.218
TiO2 2.784
Nb2O3 0.019
K2O 0.906
Cl 0.535
MgO 0.00
P2O5 0.00
Si/Al 5.81
XRD patterns for the calcined Ikot–Abasi kaolin at 850˙c
 CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION

Based on different analysis results obtained so far, the

following conclusion have been drawn;
• Ikot Abasi clay provided the required components
(Sio2 and Al2O3) for Zeolite Y synthesis.
• Calcination gave the required Silica-Alumina ratio
for zeolite y synthesis thereby making
Dealumination (leaching) optional
• Analytical equipment like XRF, XRD & SEM
etc. should be made available in the school as
to aid research.
• Constant power supply is needed for
crystallization that last up to 24hrs.
 THANK
YOU