Stealth

Technology

By:
NITESH CHOUDHARY – 50100
NISHANT MOTWANI - 50098
Contents
How a Radar System works?
What is Stealth Technology?
Principles of Stealth Technology
RCS reduction
Types of RAM
History of Stealth Technology
Current Scenario in the World
Current Scenario in India
Future Proposal: Plasma Stealth
Conclusion



How a Radar System
works?
What is Stealth
Technology?
Stealth Technology also known as Low
Observable Technology is a technology in
which the object is made less visible to Radar
Systems, Sonar, Infrared and other detection
methods.
Principles of Stealth
Technology
The object can be shaped so that any radar
signals it reflects are reflected away from the
radar equipment (Reduction of RCS).


The object can be covered in materials that

absorb radar signals.




 Principle
1:

Most conventional aircraft have a rounded

shape. The round shape means that no matter
where the radar signal hits the plane, some of
the signal gets reflected back.



 A stealth aircraft, on the other hand, is made
up of completely flat surfaces and very sharp
edges. When a radar signal hits a stealth plane,
the signal reflects away at an angle, like this:
Principle 2: Radar Absorbent
Material (RAM)
Radar-absorbent material, or RAM, is a
class of materials used in stealth
technology to disguise a vehicle or structure
from radar detection. A material's absorbency
at a given frequency of radar wave depends
upon its composition.
Types of RAM
Iron Ball Paint: It contains tiny spheres
coated with carbonyl
iron or ferrite. Radar waves induce molecular
oscillations from the alternating magnetic
field in this paint, which leads to conversion
of the radar energy into heat. The heat is
then transferred to the aircraft and
dissipated.
Foam Absorber: This material typically
consists of a fireproofed urethane foam
loaded with carbon black, and cut into long
pyramids.  Pyramidal RAM attenuates signal
by two effects- scattering and absorption.
Jaumann absorber: A Jaumann
absorber or Jaumann layer is a radar
absorbent device. Jaumann layer consisted of
two equally-spaced reflective surfaces and a
conductive ground plane.

History of Stealth
Technology
The Stealth Technology was introduced during
World War II in the German Submarines when
they used Radar absorbent paint on it.
In 1945 the U.S. developed a RADAR-absorbent
paint containing iron.
 In the mid 1960s, the U.S. built a high-altitude
reconnaissance aircraft, the Lockheed SR-71
Blackbird, that was extremely RADAR-stealthy
for its day.
Later in 1980s, U.S. government admitted
existence of Stealth Aircraft. Since then, F –
117 and B-2 bomber plane became familiar to
outer world.
Current Scenario in the
World
Currently Fifth Generation Fighter Aircrafts
(FGFAs) are in existence, as US has developed
F-22 RAPTOR Stealth Aircraft which started
serving in 2005.
Along with FGFA, the two frequently used
stealth aircrafts are F-117 nighthawk and B-2
spirit bomber stealth aircrafts which were
deployed by USA during Iraq and Afghanistan
attacks.
Russian manufacturer Sukhoi announced that it
has a market for 1000 fifth generation ‘Sukhoi
PAK FA’ aircrafts over next four decades,
which will be produced in a joint venture with
India, including 200 aircrafts for India.

Current Scenario in India
On 11 September 2010, the Business Standard of
India reported that Russia and India signed an
agreement for joint participation in a Fifth-
Generation Fighter Aircraft Program(FGFA), which
will give India responsibility for development of a
two-seat model of the PAK-FA. It’s already being
touted as superior to the American FA-22 raptor.
India has made a $25 billion deal in this project
with Russia for 250 such aircrafts, each plane
costing Rs. 450 crore approx. which is set to be
completed in 2017.
The Indian Air Force will acquire 50 single-seater
fighters of the Russian version before the two
seat FGFA is developed.

Future Proposal: PLASMA
STEALTH
Plasma stealth is a proposed process that
uses ionized gas (plasma) to reduce the radar
cross section (RCS) of an aircraft.
A plasma is a quasineutral  mixture
of ions, electrons, and neutral particles
A plasma can absorb all the energy in an
incoming wave and hence reduces RCS, and
this is the key to plasma stealth.
 A reduction in RCS also results in a
proportional reduction in detection range,
allowing an aircraft to get closer to the radar
before being detected.
 A computer generated picture of
‘Plasma Stealth’ Implementation in
Aircrafts.
Conclusion
Stealth Technology concludes its military
applications in fighter Aircrafts, so that the
aircrafts designed using this technology are
almost invisible to Radar detection
techniques and other sonar, Infrared
detection methods.
Stealth Technology is a step towards achieving
invisibility. The first principle mainly
concludes this by the reduction of RCS.
FGFAs designed on Stealth Technology are
completely invisible to present Radar
Systems.