Review Quiz

1. A theory that shifts its assumptions, analytic lens, and topical focus away
from the male viewpoint and experience and toward that of women.
2. Give at least 2 key areas of focus within feminist theory.
3. It is the recognition that women's location in, and experience of, social
situations are not only different but also unequal to men's.
4. It shows that men routinely earn more for the same work than women.
5. Who claims married women have higher levels of stress than unmarried
women and married men.
Answers
1.Feminist Theory
2.discrimination and exclusion on the basis of sex and gender,
objectification, structural and economic inequality, power and
oppression, and gender roles and stereotypes, among others.
3.Gender Inequality
4.Gender Wage Gap
5.Feminist Theorists
HERMENEUTICAL
PHENOMENOLOGY
HERMENEUTICAL PHENOMENOLOGY – is a qualitative
research methodology that arose out of and remains closely tied
to phenomenological philosophy, a strand of continent
philosophy.

Phenomenology refers to a person’s perception of the meaning of

an event, as opposed to the event as exist externally to (outside
of) that person
HERMENEUTICS - In the study of literary texts,
scholars frequently adhere to a set of rules or a
specific system on which to base their
interpretation. Similarly, the interpretation of non-
literary texts, such as art or philosophy, may also
require adherence to such a method. The specific
rules used to interpret and understand a text are
known collectively as hermeneutics.
In ancient Greek mythology, the
god Hermes served to interpret messages from the
other gods. Like Hermes' name, the
term hermeneutics comes from the Greek word for
'interpreter'. The concept of utilizing a system to
interpret texts was first noted in early writings
by Aristotle.
 HERMENEUTIC ANALYSIS
Hermeneutic Analysis is a name for various
methods of analysis, which are based on
interpreting. The strategy forms an opposite to
those research strategies which stress
objectivity and independence of interpretations
in the formations in formation of knowledge.
 HERMENEUTIC ANALYSIS
You can combine hermeneutic analysis with other methods of analysis that aim to
interpret and understand meanings. A combination of the rules of hermeneutics
and phenomenology forms phenomenological hermeneutic analysis. Hermeneutic
analysis also forms the basis of various discipline-specific methods of analysis
and close readings methods.
 HERMENEUTIC RESEARCH
Hermeneutic research enables you to make
interpretations and gain an in-depth
understanding of the researched phenomenon.
Hermeneutic research emphasizes subjective
interpretations in the research of meanings of
texts, art, culture, social phenomena and
thinking.
 HERMENEUTIC RESEARCH
Thus, the strategy forms an opposite to those research strategies which stress
objectivity and independence from interpretations in the formation of knowledge.
You can use a variety of approaches and methods of analysis, as well as
discipline-specific methods, to interpret phenomena but you need to bear in mind
that hermeneutic research is a qualitative research strategy.
INFORMATION SHEET:

Ethnographic analysis – Ethnographic, a method of research in the social science, often

involves a researcher’s direct, personal observation of a group of people. Scholars from
many academic fields, most notably anthropology and sociology, utilize such data in wide
variety of research projects.

Features – Ethnographic analysis is a qualitative approach for studying human societies in

terms of their distinctive cultures. The defining aspects of this approach involves the in-
depth study of all aspects of a given human society

Types – Researchers use such methods as direct observation,

questionnaires, and interviews to obtain data for ethnographic analysis.
Functions – Researcher's use ethnographic analysis to study peoples behavior in the
context of their daily lives. This type of research provides a detailed understanding of
how different societies evolve over time.

History – Ethnographic analysis developed in the disciplines of sociology and

anthropology. Later, scholars in other fields such as history, economic, law, and
education began to use this approach in their studies.

Consideration – Because their conclusions are based on the subjective analysis of

data, researchers must be careful when making generalizations about other societies
based on their findings. The findings usually only apply to the group under study.
 PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Phenomenological analysis is based on
discussions and reflections of direct sense
perception and experiences of the researched
phenomenon. A starting point of the strategy is
your ability to approach a project without a
prior assumptions, definitions or theoretical
frameworks. A key aspect of this method of
analysis is phenomenological reduction.
 PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Phenomenological analysis is a broad and loose name for various types of
analysis based on the phenomenological orientation of the Philosophy of science.
These orientations lay emphasis on experiences, interpretations and bodily
sensations. You can combine phenomenological analysis with other modes of
analysis. A combination of the rules of phenomenological analysis and
hermeneutics is known as phenomenological hermeneutic analysis.
 PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Phenomenological research enables you to
explore experiences and sensory perception
(different to abstract perceptions) of researched
phenomenon, and the formation of
understanding based on these experiences and
perceptions. Your research strategy is based,
therefore, on either your own or other people’s
experiences and sensory perceptions.
 PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH
The aim of your strategy is:

Either to use your own direct experiences acquired during the research process to
describe and analyze the phenomenon, in order to produce in-depth knowledge of
the phenomenon.
Activity
1. Explain the concept of Hermeneutical Phenomenology.
2. What is the importance of data?