Lecture No. 10 Permanent Mandibular Central Incisor

Lecture No.
10
Permanent Mandibular Central Incisor
• At the end of this lecture, student will be able to

Describe the morphology of permanent mandibular central
incisor from all five aspects
Distinguish between the labial, lingual, mesial, distal and
incisal surfaces of the permanent mandibular central incisor
1
Faculty of Dental Sciences ©M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
Contents
 Introduction
 Functions
 Chronology
 Dimensions
 Morphology
 Variations
 Summary
2
Introduction
 Mandibular incisors are four in number.
 The mandibular central incisors are centered in the

mandible, one on either side of the median line.
 The mandibular lateral incisors are distal to the

central incisors.
 Mandibular central and lateral incisors are similar

in anatomy and complement each other in function.
 They are smaller than the maxillary incisors.
3
Permanent Mandibular
Incisors
2 2
1 1
1 : Mandibular Central Incisor

2 : Mandibular Lateral Incisor
4
Functions
5
Permanent Mandibular Central Incisor
Mandibular Central Incisor is the smallest tooth in

the dentition
6
Chronology
First evidence of 3 to 4 months

calcification
Enamel completed 4 to 5 years
Eruption 6 to 7 years
Root completed 9 years
7
Faculty
©M. S. of
Ramaiah
Dental University
Sciences of Applied Sciences ©M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
Measurement Table For Carving
Cervicoincisal Length of Crown 9.5 mm
Length of Root 12.5 mm
Mesiodistal Diameter of Crown 5.0 mm
Mesiodistal Diameter of Crown at Cervix 3.5 mm
Labio- lingual Diameter of Crown 6.0 mm
Labio- lingual Diameter at Cervix 5.3 mm
Curvature of Cervical Line-Mesial 3.0 mm
Curvature of Cervical Line-Distal 2.0 mm

8
Faculty
©M. S. of
Ramaiah
Dental University
Sciences of Applied Sciences ©M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
Labial Aspect
Crown:
• Crown outline is trapezoidal with longer

parallel sides at incisal edge
• Incisal edge straight and at right angles to

the long axis line of the tooth
• Mesioincisal and distoincisal line angles are

both said to be sharp almost 90 angles. D M
However, the distoincisal line angle is slightly
more rounded than the mesioincisal line
angle
9
• The mesial outline may be slightly
straighter than the distal outline
• The crown is nearly bilaterally

symmetrical
Root:
• The root is very narrow mesiodisally &

converges evenly to a relatively pointed D M
apex
10
Lingual Aspect
Crown:
• The lingual outline is more

symmetrical
• The anatomical features found on the

lingual surfaces of all incisors are
present but inconspicuous on
M D
mandibular incisors
11
Lingual Aspect
• The marginal ridges are

inconspicuous
• No grooves, accessory ridges or pits
Root:
M D
• Root is slightly narrower than on the
labial side
12
Mesial Aspect
Crown:
• The incisal edge will be lingual to the

faciolingual long axis bisector
• The crest of curvature on the labial &

lingual surfaces lie in the cervical third
F L
13
Mesial Aspect
Root:
• The root converges apically, evenly

towards a relatively blunt (rounded)
root end
• The facial & lingual sides of the root are

nearly straight from cervical line to the
middle third; then the root tapers with
its apex on the axis line
F L
14
Distal Aspect
• The incisal edge is lingually placed
relative to the faciolingual long axis
bisector
• The proximal contact areas are at a

level cervical to the incisal ridge and
are near the mid-point of the tooth
faciolingually
• The curvature of the cervical line is

shorter than on the mesial surface
• The apex of the root will be even L F
with the faciolingual long axis

bisector
15
Incisal Aspect
16
Incisal Aspect
• The outline of the crown from the

incisal view is said to be bilaterally
symmetrical
• More of the labial surface is seen

than of the lingual surface
• The labial surface has a noticeably M D
convex outline in the cervical third
• The faciolingual diameter is greater

than the mesiodistal width
17
Incisal Aspect
• The incisal edge is almost at right

angles to a line bisecting the
crown faciolingually
• Mesiofacial and distofacial line

angles are more distinct (less M D
rounded)
• The cingulum is centered, smooth

& makes a narrow convex outline
18
Variations
• Fusion Talon cusp

•Gemination/
twinning
•Congenitally missing
mandibular
central incisor
19
Summary
20
Summary:
The morphology of permanent mandibular central incisor
from all aspects were discussed in detail
21
Disclaimer
• All data and content provided in this presentation are
taken from the reference books, internet – websites
and links, for informational purposes only
22

Lecture No. 10 Permanent Mandibular Central Incisor

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Lecture No.

• At the end of this lecture, student will be able to

 Mandibular incisors are four in number.

 The mandibular central incisors are centered in the

 The mandibular lateral incisors are distal to the

 Mandibular central and lateral incisors are similar

 They are smaller than the maxillary incisors.

1 : Mandibular Central Incisor

Mandibular Central Incisor is the smallest tooth in

First evidence of 3 to 4 months

Enamel completed 4 to 5 years

Root completed 9 years

Length of Root 12.5 mm

Mesiodistal Diameter of Crown 5.0 mm

Mesiodistal Diameter of Crown at Cervix 3.5 mm

Labio- lingual Diameter of Crown 6.0 mm

Labio- lingual Diameter at Cervix 5.3 mm

Curvature of Cervical Line-Mesial 3.0 mm

Curvature of Cervical Line-Distal 2.0 mm

• Crown outline is trapezoidal with longer

• Incisal edge straight and at right angles to

• Mesioincisal and distoincisal line angles are

• The crown is nearly bilaterally

• The root is very narrow mesiodisally &

• The lingual outline is more

• The anatomical features found on the

• The marginal ridges are

• No grooves, accessory ridges or pits

• The incisal edge will be lingual to the

• The crest of curvature on the labial &

• The root converges apically, evenly

• The facial & lingual sides of the root are

• The proximal contact areas are at a

• The curvature of the cervical line is

with the faciolingual long axis

• The outline of the crown from the

• More of the labial surface is seen

• The labial surface has a noticeably M D

convex outline in the cervical third

• The faciolingual diameter is greater

• The incisal edge is almost at right

• Mesiofacial and distofacial line

• The cingulum is centered, smooth

• Fusion Talon cusp

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