OBJECTIVE

RESOLUTION
Sadia Hamid
Semester 2
Subject Pak studies
 Objective resolution
◦ INTRODUCTION
• Objective resolution is one of the most important document in the constitutional history of Pakistan.
• It was passed by the first Constituent Assembly on 12the march 1949 under the leadership of Liaqat Ali Khan.
• The objective resolution is one of the most important and illuminating document in the constitutional history of
Pakistan.
• It laid down the objectives on which future constitution of the country was to be based and it proved to be
fundamental stone of constitutional development in Pakistan..
Introduction
◦ The most significant thing was that it contained the basic principles of both Islamic political
system and Western Democracy.
◦ Its importance can be ascertained from the fact that it served as preamble for the constitution of
1956,1962 and 1973 and ultimately became the part of constitution when the 8th Amendment in the
Constitution of 1973 was passed in1985.

◦ Objective resolution was presented in the Constituent Assembly by liaqat Ali Khan on
March7,1949.
◦ The resolution was ultimately passed on March 12.
Silent Features of Objective Resolution
◦ Sovereignty of the entire universe belong to Allah Almighty Alone.
◦ Athority should be delegated to the state through its people under the rule set by Allah.
◦ Constitution of Pakistan should be framed by Constituent Assembly.
◦ State should exercise its power through the chosen representatives .
◦ Principles of democracy ,freedom equality,tolerance and social justice ,as inshore by Islam should be
followed.
◦ Muslim shall live their lives according to the teaching of Quran and Sunnah.
◦ Minorities can freely profess and practice their religion.
 Features
◦ There should be a Federal form of Government with the maximum authority to the units.
◦ Fundamental rights including equality of status ,social, economic and political justice,freedom of
thought,expression,belief,faith worship and public morality should be given to all citizen of state.
◦ It should be duty of the state to safeguard the interest of minorities ,backward and depressed
classes.
◦ Independent of judiciary should be guaranteed.
◦ The people of Pakistan may prosper and attain their rightful and honored places amongst the
nation of the world and make there full contribution to the international peace and progress and
happiness of humanity.
Explanation
◦ Liaqat Ali Khan explained the context of resolution in his speech delivered in the Constitution
Assembly on March 7,1949.
◦ Liaqat Ali Khan termed the passage of Objective Resolution as “the most important occasion in the
life of his country,next in importance only to the achievement of independence.
◦ He said that we as Muslims believed the authority vested in Allah Almighty and it should be
exercised in accordance with the standards laid down in Islam.
◦ He added that this preamble had made it clear that the authority would be exercised by the chosen
person which is the essence of democracy and it eliminates the danger of theocracy.It emphasized
on the principles of democracy,freedom,equality ,tolererence,social justice and it says that these
should be part of future constitution.
Quiad’s Vision
◦ On 11August1947 Qui ad said:
“You belong to any religion,cast creed that had nothing to do with the business of state”
He also stated:

“We are starting with the fundamental principle that we are equal citizen of one state”

“You are free;you are free to go to your temples.You are free to go to your mosque or to any other
place of worship in this state of Pakistan.You may belong to any religion,caste or creed__that has
nothing to do with the business of state.
Critical Analysis(Weakness and Strength)
◦ When it was debated in the session of Constituent Assembly,it was apposed and criticized by
minorities leaders.
◦ A non Muslim ,Prem Hari proposed that motion should be circulated for evoking public opinion and
should then discussed in the house on April 30,1949.
◦ Objecrive resolution is yet controversial document in history of Pakistan.
◦ Main Muhammad Iftikharuddin was the only Muslim member in the house who opposed the
resolution.To him the resolution was vague and many words used in it do not mean anything.He
further suggested that such a resolution should not only be product of Muslim League members
sitting in the assembly alone.Rather it was supposed to be the voice of 70 million peoples of Pakistan.
◦ On the other hand Objective Resolution was strongly supported by Dr Ishtiaq HussainQureshi,
Mollana Shabbir Ahmed usmani,Begam Shaista,Muhammad Hussain and many others.
In order to counter the allegations they argued that Islam governs not only our relations with God but also
activate of the believers in other spheres of life as ISLAM is a complete code of life.
Conclusion
◦ In short objective resolution was passed but not passed by Non Muslims members of assembly and
that was biq question mark on liaqat Ali Khan,his cabinet and other Muslim member of Assembly.
◦ They failed to satisfy the objection of Non Muslims and due to this many controversies started.
◦ Pakistan became Islamic state as theocrats had their wishes fulfilled and idea of Jinnah’s vision of
peaceful,liberal,democratic Pakistan wasburied in history
◦ Thanks….,.,…..,……..,……….,……..😊🤗
PAKISTAN STUDIES
CONSTITUTION 1965
ALIYA SHABBIR
RS – 2112
BS ENGLISH
2 SEMESTER
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE
CONSTITUTION :
◦ Written constitution
◦ Islamic Republic of Pakistan
◦ Rigid constituion
◦ Federal system
◦ Language
◦ Independent Judiciary

◦ Rights of minorities

◦ Fundamental rights

◦ Uni cameral legislature

◦ Direct election method

Causes of failure of the constitution :
◦ Lack of leadership
◦ Weak political parties
◦ Delay of elections
◦ Lack of education
◦ Uni cameral system
◦ Refugee problem

◦ Unstable government
◦
◦ Non existence of economic equality

◦ Lack of state Parliament system

1962 CONSTITUTION
RUBAB FATIMA
Semester 2
Subject Pak Studies
\
Background
 Military take over on 7 October,1958 and Ayub Khan became Chief
Martial Law Administrator.
 On June 8,1962 President Ayub Khan lifted Martial Law and promulgated
Pakistan’s second constitution
 It was Presidential constitution not Parliamentary.
 Constitution Commission
◦ Constitution commission was established in February 1960 under the chairman justice Shahabudin
◦ Two tasks were assigned to committee
 Examine causes of failure of parliamentary system
Recommend new system
◦ Commission presented report on May 1961
◦ Ayub Khan announced the constitution on March 1,1962
◦ It was abrogated on 25 March,1969 by President Yahiya Khan
Salient Features
 Written form
The constitution of 1962 was in written form comprising of 250 sections and 5
schedules.
 Name of the country
The full name of country became “Islamic Republic of Pakistan.”
 Presidential system
President was responsible for state affairs. He should be a Muslim; at least 40 years of
age. He should be qualified as member of NA and would be elected for period of 5
years through indirect elections.
 Powers of President
President could dissolve the NA but in that case he must seek re-elections
If he had held office for more than 8 years, he could seek for re-elections with the approval
of National and Provincial Assemblies
 National Assembly
NA had all the powers of law making
 parity between two wings of country
There were 150 seats plus 6 seats for women
Minimum age limit for membership was 25
Financial power was limited. Only new expenditure could be voted.
 Language
Urdu and Bengal were recognized as National Languages
 Federalism
There were 2 provinces of federation : East Pakistan and West Pakistan.
 Provincial Government
Governors are head of province with the cabinet. Provincial government were directly
under control of President.
 Advisory Council for Islamic ideology
Advisory council for Islamic ideology was made having 12 members. It was
recommendatory body.
 Indirect method of Elections
The President was elected by an Electoral College comprising 80,000 Basic Democrats,
equally distributed between two provinces
 Islamic Provisions
Objective resolution was preamble of the constitution.
No law shall be made against the teachings of Islam
Teaching of Quran and Islamiyat should be made compulsory
Unity and observance of Islamic moral standards should be promoted
Organization of zakat, waqf and mosques ensured.
 Causes of Failure
Not popular constitution
There were no fundamental rights of people.
There was no check and balance
Concentration of wealth widened the gulf between rich and poor. There was rule of 22
families in the country.
People of West Pakistan did not agree with one unit and started demand for 4 provinces.
PAK- STUDIES
C O N S T I T U T I O N O F PA K I S T A N 1 9 7 3
KHANSA MOIZ
N U ML-S2 1 -11 7 2 6
2 ND SEMESTER
BS-ENGLI SH
I NS T RU CT O R: MA M FAR I A H
INTRODUCTION
◦ DECLARATION OF MARTIAL LAW
General Muhammad Yahya Khan repealed the Constitution of 1962 and declared martial law in the country as a result of the public uprising ag
ainst Ayub Khan, who resigned from the presidency on March 25, 1696
◦ GENERAL ELECTIONS
In December 1970, he held general elections. Sheikh Mujeeb-ur-
Rehman and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto were elected as the majority leaders in East and West Pakistan, respectively, in these elections. Unfortunately, 
none of them agreed on a power transfer, giving India the opportunity to intervene, culminating in East Pakistan's secession, which became Ba
ngladesh on December 16, 1971
◦ APPROVAL OF CONSTITUTION OF 1973
April 10, 1973: The National Assembly (Constituent Assembly) passed the Constitution of 1973 with 125 votes. April 12, 1973: The President
of Pakistan authenticated the Constitution of 1973 as passed by the National Assembly of Pakistan
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE
CONSTITUTION 1973
◦SOVEREIGNTY
The Objectives Resolution was incorporated in the 1973 Constitution's preamble.  According to this, Allah has control over the entire globe.  As a holy trus
t of Allah, the people of Pakistan shall exercise sovereignty within those bounds.

◦COUNTRY’S NAME
Islamic Republic of Pakistan will be the country’s name.

◦PRRESIDENT AND PRIME MINSTER

Pakistan's President and Prime Minister will be Muslims who believe in Allah's oneness and the finality of Muhammad's Prophethood.

◦RELIGION
Islam will be the official religion of the country.

◦ ISLAMIC VALUES
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE
CONSTITUTION 1973
◦DEFINITION OF A MUSLIM
A Muslim is someone who believes in Allah's oneness, the absolute finality of Muhammad's Prophethood, the 
Day of Judgment, and Quran and its teachings.

◦ISLAMIC LAWS
All existing laws shall be brought into line with Islamic values, and no law will be enforced that contradicts Isl
amic teachings.

◦COMPULSORY ISLAMIC TEACHING

In schools and universities, the teaching of the Quran and Islamic studies would be made mandatory.

◦TEACHING OF ARABIC AND PRINTING QURAN

Arabic will be taught in schools from 6th to 8th grade, and the printing of the Quran will be error-free.
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE
CONSTITUTION 1973
◦ ISLAMIC VALUES
The Constitution's main goals will be to promote Islamic ideals such as democracy, equity, liberty, and equality.

◦ ISLAMIC SOCIETY
Muslims will be free to pursue their lives in line with Islamic principles, either individually or collectively, in order to build an Islamic so
ciety.

◦ ZAKAT AND USHER

The government, according to the 1973 Constitution, would establish the Zakat system and usher in the zakat councils.

◦ ELIMANTION OF RIBA

Riba will be abolished by the government, and the country's economy will be riba-free
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE
CONSTITUTION 1973
◦ ISLAMIC IDEOLOGY COUNCIL
The legislature will be guided by an Islamic ideology council, which will develop legislation in accordance with Islamic principles and bring existing
 laws into compliance with Islam.

◦ AMENDING CONSTITUTION

A two-thirds majority in the lower house and a majority in the upper house are required for a bill to modify the constitution.

◦ HUMAN RIGHT

All fundamental human rights will be protected, with the caveat that they will be subject to reasonable legal constraints.

◦ IMPORTANCE OF URDU LANGUAGE

Urdu will be the country's official language, with Pakistani to be preserved for the following 15 years.
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE
CONSTITUTION 1973
◦ CONSIDERATION OF ALL PROVINCES
The senate, or upper chamber, will be elected mostly by provincial governments, ensuring that the provinces' interests are protected at the fed
eral level for the first time. Even in an emergency, the Senate will not be dissolved.

◦ POWER VESTED IN FEDRAL COVERNMENT

In the event of an emergency, the federal government has the authority to pass legislation on any subject and even suspend fundamental libert
ies.
CONCLUSION
◦ Islamic republic of Pakistan's constitution of 1973 contains a number of Islamic procurements, and no law that is repulsive to the
fundamental standards of Islam can be legitimate.
◦ The constitution states that the state may empower Pakistan's Muslims to order their lives individually and collectively in accordance
with the principles and concepts of Islam.
Thank you