Please stand by…..

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
 Basic First Aid for
Medical Emergencies
 Session Objectives
Recognize the benefits of obtaining
first-aid and CPR certification
Identify proper procedures for a variety
of medical emergencies
Assist in administering first aid when a
co-worker is injured
Do no further harm

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Prequiz:
True or False?

1. After an accident, immediately move the

victim to a comfortable position.
2. If a person is bleeding, use a tourniquet.
3. Signs of a heart attack include shortness
of breath, anxiety, and perspiration.
4. All burns can be treated with first aid
alone; no emergency medical attention
is necessary.
© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
 Introduction
What is First aid?

Immediate skilled care given to the victim

of an illness or injury before
professional medical rescuers arrives.
First aider is the person who renders
above care.
© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
 Why First aid is essential?

1. To preserve life.

2. To promote recovery.

3. To prevent worsening of the casualty’s

condition.

4. Arrange transportation to the hospital

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Rules of First aid
Dos

• Attend the casualty immediately

• Reassure the casualty and make him comfortable
• Stop bleeding if any
• Turn the face on one side if vomiting
• Be confident

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 • Call for help
• Check for scene safety (chemical exposure)
• Check for casualty’s safety (fire, electrocution
etc)

• Start CPR if casualty is unconscious & non-

responsive

• Use personal protective equipment wherever

necessary & available.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Don’ts

• Don’t waste time

• Do not attempt to move patient with an injured back
unless necessary

• Do not give casualty anything to eat or drink an

unconscious patient)

• Do not remove the impacted foreign body like rod in

the body or pencil in the eye

• Do not panic

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 DRSABCD
• Danger: Check for danger- ensures the
environment is safe.

• Response: Check for response –ask his/her

name, squeeze shoulder.

• Send: Send for help- Call for an ambulance or

ask a colleague to do so.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 • Airway: Open month- look for foreign materials
and maintain the air way.

• Breathing: Check for breathing- look, listen, feel.

• CPR: Start CPR-30 Compressions: 2 breaths
whiles waiting for an ambulance.

• Defibrillation: Apply Defibrillation as soon as

available follow the voice prompt.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Help! Emergency!

Minutes could
make a difference

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
 Four Basic Rules

1.2.Call
Bring
forhelp
helptoimmediately
the victim
4.3.Do no further
Check harm
the ABCs

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Assess the Scene

Evaluate the scene

Assess safety
Prioritize care
Check for medical alert tags
Do head-to-toe check
Move only if necessary

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 No Breathing
Administer CPR:
• Lay the person on his or her back
• Give chest compressions
• Tilt head slightly
• Breathe into the person’s mouth
• Continue until EMS personnel arrive

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Bleeding
• Stop the flow of blood
• Wear gloves
• Cover the wound
• Apply pressure
• If a body part has
been amputated,
put it on ice

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Shock
• Lay the victim down
• Undo tight clothing
around the neck,
chest and waist to
improve respiration
• Keep onlookers away
for proper ventilation
• Cover
• Raise feet

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Heart Attack
• Call for HELP
• Make victim comfortable
• Loosen tight clothing
• Check for medication
• Keep victim still
• Don’t give stimulants

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Choking
• Ask a person to speak
or cough
• Deliver 5 back blows
• Perform abdominal
thrusts
• Repeat sequence of back
blows and abdominal
thrusts

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 If Abdominal
Thrusts Don’t Work
• Call for HELP
• Finger sweep
• Abdominal thrusts
• Check ABCs
• Perform CPR if
not breathing

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Electrical Shock
Don’t touch!
Turn power off
Call for HELP
Remove person
from live wire
Check for breathing

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
 Fainting
• Check for breathing
• Administer CPR if
necessary
• Call for EMS if more
than a few minutes
• If conscious, lay the
victim down with feet
elevated

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
 TRIANGULAR BANDAGE
A triangular bandage is used
as an arm sling or as a
pad to control bleeding. It
may also be used to
support or immobilise an
injury to a bone or joint or
as improvised padding over
a painful injury.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 GLOVES
Disposable gloves offer an
added barrier against
infection in a first aid
situation. It is important
that first aiders carry
disposable, latex free
gloves at all times. The
first aider should wear
them whenever there is
a likelihood of contact
with bodily fluids.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 GAUZE
Gauze pads and gauze
sponges are used in a
number of different
applications and are
great for general
cleaning, dressings,
prepping, packing
and debriding
wounds. It can also be
used as a temporary
absorbent dressing
over wounds.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 COTTON
First Aid cotton balls are made
from 100% pure cotton.
They are ideal for medical
use, including cleaning cuts
and scrapes or applying
creams and ointments to
minor injuries. Available in
sterile and non-sterile. First
Aid wood stick organic
cotton swabs are delicate
enough to apply
medications, ointments, or
creams.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 BANDAGE
A bandage is a piece of
material used either to
support a medical
device such as a dressing
or splint, or on its own to
provide support to or to
restrict the movement of a
part of the body. When
used with a dressing, the
dressing is applied directly
on a wound, and a bandage
used to hold the dressing in
place.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 IODINE
Povidone-iodine, also
known as iodopovidone,
is an antiseptic used for
skin disinfection before
and after surgery. It
may be used both to
disinfect the hands of
healthcare providers
and the skin of the
person they are caring
for. It may also be used
for minor wounds.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 SCISSORS
Scissors are essential supplies
that should be included in
any first aid kit at a home or
workplace. Scissors can
be used to cut bandages
to fit wounds and to help
remove dressings to
bandages can be changed
to reduce the risk of
infection. Uses of Scissors:
to provide cutting the
bandages.

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Rubbing alcohol
Rubbing alcohol
for disinfecting and
cleaning
superficial
wounds. (Don't use
alcohol on cuts.)
Alcohol can be
useful to help clean
tweezers or a
needle used to
remove splinters.
© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110
 Match the problem with the correct first-aid procedure.

Bleeding CPR
Choking Elevate feet
No breathing Keep victim still
Heart attack Direct pressure

Shock Abdominal thrusts

Sweeten deal

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 Review
Do you understand first-aid
procedures for:
• No breathing?
• Bleeding?
• Shock?
• Heart attack?
• Choking?
• Electrical shock?
• Fainting

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110

 THANK YOU

QUESTIONS???

© Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110