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Prof. Ramkumar Maurya - Basic Electrical Engineering
Prof. Ramkumar Maurya - Basic Electrical Engineering
DC Machines
First Year
Semester 1
Common to all branches
(R L Maurya, RCOE)
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R L Maurya 1
Chapter 5 : DC Machines
Syllabus
1. Introduction
4. Emf equation
5. Construction of DC machines
6. Classification of DC machines
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Types of DC Machines
DC Generator
Mechanical Electrical
Energy
Generator Energy
DC Motor
Electrical Mechanical
Energy
Motor Energy
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Principle of Operation of DC Generator
Motion System Emf
(input) (Conductor in magnetic field) (output)
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Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
When you pass
current through
the conductor,
the direction of
force experienced
by conductor is
given by Fleming’s
Left Hand Rule
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Split Ring
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Principle of DC Motor
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Construction of DC Machine
(Motor or Generator)
Theoretically same dc machine can be used as motor or generator
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Construction of DC Machine
(Motor or Generator)
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Construction of DC Machine
(Motor or Generator)
Theoretically same dc machine can be used as motor or generator
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Construction of DC Machine (contd….)
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Construction of DC Machine (contd….)
A. Field System
1. Field Windings: Provides the magnetic field (flux)
Made of copper wire
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Construction of DC Machine (contd….)
B. Armature System
The armature system is mounted on the shaft which rotates
1. Armature Windings:
-- Provides emf when used as generator.
-- Rotates the shaft and provides torque when used as motor.
-- Made of copper wire.
2. Armature Core:
-- Armature core is mounted on shaft.
-- Armature conductors (windings) are mounted in slots of
armature core.
-- Cylindrical , made of thin steel laminations to reduce loss
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Construction of DC Machine (contd….)
C. Commutator and Brush Assembly
1. Commutator:
-- Mounted on rotating shaft. It rotates with the shaft.
-- Armature conductors are connected to commutator segments.
-- For DC generator For current collection from armature
conductors and provides unidirectional emf.
-- For DC Motor For current distribution to armature conductors
and provides unidirectional torque
-- Commutator is made up of insulated copper segments.
2. Brushes:
-- Brushes are stationary and press on commutator.
-- Provide contact with rotating commutator and external stationary –
circuit.
-- Brushes carry current towards or away from the commutator.
-- Made of carbon
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Stator of DC motor
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Stator of DC motor
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Derivation of EMF equation for DC Machines
(both DC Motor and DC Generator)
Let,
P = Number of poles
EMF , E =
Where E = Eg (Eg= Generated emf in case of DC generator)
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Classification of DC Machines
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Classification of DC Generator
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Application of DC Generator
Separately Excited DC Generator
1. Accurate supplies for testing labs
2. Ward Leonard Speed Control System
Shunt DC Generator
1.Power Supply 2. Lighting 3.Battery Charging
Series DC Generator
1. Arc welding supplies 2. Line voltage Booster for DC system
Compound DC Generator
1. Lighting 2. Arc Welding 3.Heavy service like railways
4. Line voltage Booster for DC system
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Classification of DC Motor
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Application of DC Motors
Separately Excited DC Motor
1. Blowers 2. Electric traction
Shunt DC Motor
1.Driving Lathes 2. Fans 3. Pumps 4. Blowers.
5. Driving disc and band saw
Series DC Motor
1. Electric traction 2. High speed tools 3. Cranes, hoist , lifts
4. Conveyer drives
Compound DC Motor
1. Cranes, hoist , lifts 2. Rolling Mills 3. Pumps 4. Conveyer 5.
Press
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