Intravenous Infusion Solution

Choice of Solution
 Lactate Ringer’s
 Sterile water for injection
 5% dextrose in water
 Sodium chloride injection
There is no contraindication to the use of these
solutions for ASA I,II & III patients
Volume of Solution
Most commonly used sizes are-
 1000 ml
 500 ml
 250 ml
For 1-4 hr dental I.V conscious sedation
procedure,250 ml bag is ideal
 Intravenous Administration Set
 Piercing pin
 Drip chamber
 Rate adjustment knob
 Injection site
 Needle Adapter
 Needles
• Gauge
It refers to the outside diameter of the needle.
Needles for vein puncture generally range from
14 gauge to app., 23 gauge
23 gauge needle is commonly used in IV
sedation in Dentistry
• Types
3 most commonly employed needles are –
 Hollow metal needle
 Winged needle
 Indwelling catheter
 Additional Items
 A Tourniquet
 Adhesive tape
 Gauze wipes
 Alcohol wipes
 An armboard
 Adhesive bandages
 A Sphygmomanometer & Stethoscope
 Emergency drug kit
 Selection of Vein Puncture Site
Factors to be considered-
 Condition of Superficial Veins
 Relation of vein to the other Anatomical
Structures
 Duration of Veinpuncture
 Clinical status of patient
 Age(Size) of the Patient
 Type of IV Procedure
 Potential Sites For Veinpuncture
* Dorsum of hand
* Ventral forearm
* Lateral antecubital fossa
* Dorsal wrist
* Median antecubital fossa
 Technique
WINGED INFUSION SET
Dorsum of Hand
 Wings of needle are held by thumb & middle fingers
 Patient’s hand is kept in a clenched fist
 Site of needle entry-lateral to vein
 Angle of needle entry-30 degrees
 Resistance noted as it passes through the skin
 Needle is advanced gently
 A backflow of blood in the tubing is one sure sign of successful
venipuncture
 Relase the tourniquet
 Secure the needle with taping
Ventral Forearm
Variations-
 Site of needle entry-direct atop the vein
 Immobilization of wrist or antecubital fossa is not
required
Antecubital Fossa
Variations-
Identical to that of ventral forearm with exception
that the elbow must be immobilized
 Indwelling Catheter: All Injection Sites
• Vein is selected, distended & prepared for venipuncture
in the usual manner.
• Held 30 degrees to skin
• Skin is pulled in opposite direction
• Resistance is lost once skin is penetrated, angle of
needle decreased.
• On entry of needle in to vein, blood is noted in the
needle.
• Needle is angled parallel to course of vein and advanced
few more millimeters in to skin.
• Hub of metal needle is held secure in one
hand, the other is placed on the plastic
catheter which is slowly advanced full length
into the vein
NOTE:The catheter is not to be forced if any
resistance is encountered.
Metal introducer not to be withdrawn from the
catheter
• Tourniquet removed
• Hold the needle adapter end & remove the
metal introducer needle
• Blood will flow back into catheter
• IV tubing is attached
• Catheter secured with tape