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BBA 4TH
ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

GROUP DYNAMICS
INTRODUCTION
 According to Marvin Shaw, “ A group is two or more
persons who are interacting with one another in such a
manner that each person influences and is influenced by
each other person.”
 “ The social process by which people interact face to
face in small groups is called group dynamics”. Thus
group dynamics in concerned with the interaction of
individuals in a face to face relationships.
 According to Kurt Lewin, Group Dynamics describes
how a group should be organized and conducted.
Democratic leadership, member participation and
overall cooperation are stressed.
FEATURES OF GROUP
DYNAMICS
 Perception
 Motivation
 Group Goals
 Group Organization
 Interdependency
 Interactions
TYPES OF GROUPS
 I Formal Groups- are those groups defined by the
organization’s structure, with designated work
assignments and establishing tasks.
 Features-
 1. Formal groups are part of organizational structure
 2. These are created deliberately and consciously by
management to perform the assigned duties.
 3. The pattern of communication is also defined and
rules are laid down to regulate the behaviour of group
members.
 4. These groups may be either permanent or may be
constituted on temporary basis for fulfilling certain
specified objectives.
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 The formal group may further classified into following groups
–
 A. Command Groups- It is relatively permanent and is
specified by the organization chart. It comprises or managers or
supervisors and subordinates, who meet regularly to discuss
general and specific ideas to improve product or service.
 B. Task Forces- It is temporary group representing the
employees who are working together to complete a job task or
particular project. However a task group’s boundaries are not
limited to its immediate hierarchical superior. For eg; if a
problem arises in all the depts , a task force made up of
representatives from each of the affected depts, might be
formed to examine the problems and suggest solutions.
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 C. Committees- are also set up for some special
projects. These can be permanent such as Planning
Committee and may become an integral part of an
organization structure. A committee can also be
temporary such as special task force which is set up
for particular purpose.
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 II. Informal Groups- are alliances that are neither formally structured nor
organizationally determined. These groups are natural formations in the
work environment that appear in response to the common interests of the
organization members such as self defense , work assistance and social
interaction.
 Features-
 1. The informal groups are formed by the members of such groups by
themselves rather than by the management.
 2. These groups arise spontaneously in the org. because of social
interaction between the people.
 3. These are based on common interests, language, taste, caste, religion,
background etc.
 4. These groups have their own structure with their own leaders, and
followers.
 5. These groups exist outside the formal authorities system and without any
rigid rules.
 6. The informal groups are more flexible than the formal groups
Theories of Group Formation
 1. Propinquity Theory- In an organization
employees who work in the same area of the plant or
office or managers with offices close to one another
would more probably form into groups than would
those who are not physically located together.
 2. Homan’s Theory- According to George C.
Homans, “ The more activities persons share , the
more numerous will be their interactions and the
stronger will be their shared activities and
sentiments, and the more sentiments people have for
one another , the more will be their shared activities
and interactions.”
3 Thanks !