Principles & Practice

Of
Electrotherapy
Prosenjit Patra, Physiotherapist
MPT Cardiopulmonary
 Classification

CURRENTS RADIATION
Electrical Currents
Low Frequency Currents
(1-1000)Hz
• Galvanic • Modality
• Faradic Muscle Stimulator
Tens
Iontophoresis
Muscle
Stimulator
TENS
Iontophoresis
Medium Frequency Currents
(1000-10000)Hz
• IFT
• RUSSIAN CURRENTS
• AC CURRENTS
IFT
 PHYSIOLOGICAL
&
THERAPAUTIC EFFECTS
• Muscle Contraction • Prevents muscle
• Pain Modulation atrophy
• Increase in blood flow • Pain relief
• Increase in cellular • Tissue healing
transport • Reduction in oedema
• Transdermal Drug • Iontophoresis
Delivery • Increase in range of
• Modulation of Muscle motion
Tone
 INDICATIONS
&
CONTRAINDICATIONS
• Muscle weakness • Impaired Sensorium
• Joint pain & stiffness • Impaired Cognition
• Soft tissue healing • Very young and very old
• Cerebral palsy • Metal implants near
• Peripheral nerve treatment area
injuries • Open wound in
• Diagnostics treatment area
• Gait training • Malignancy
High Frequency Currents
(>10000Hz)
• Short wave Diathermy (27.12 MHz)
• Microwave Diathermy (2450 MHz)
SWD
SWD
MWD
 PHYSIOLOGICAL
&
THERAPAUTIC EFFECTS
• Increase in blood flow • Pain relief
• Modulation of pain • Tissue healing
• Temporary decrease in • Increase in range of
muscle tone motion
• Increase in NCV
• Increase in micro
vascular perfusion
• Increase in cellular
transport
 INDICATIONS
&
CONTRAINDICATIONS
• Joint pain & stiffness • Impaired Sensorium
• Tissue healing • Impaired Cognition
• Impared range of • Malignancy
motion • Pregnancy
• Muscle spasm • Metallic implants
• Near eyes & gonads
• Near growing epiphysis
• Obese patients
• Pacemakers
• Copper based IUD
• Movement Disorders
Ultrasound Therapy
Frequency 1-5 MHz
 PHYSIOLOGICAL
&
THERAPAUTIC EFFECTS
• Increase in tissue temperature • Soft tissue shortening
• Increase in metabolic rate • Pain control
• Decrease pain • Dermal ulcers
• Decrease muscle spasm • Surgical skin incisions
• Increase circulation • Tendon injuries
• Increase soft tissue • Cartilage injuries
extensibility • Reabsorbtion of calcium
• Cavitation deposits
• Acoustic streaming • CTS
• Micro massage • Phonophoresis
• Increased protein synthesis • Scar tissue remodeling
Contraindications
• Malignancy Superficial endocrine glands
• Pregnancy Growing epiphysis
• CNS Tissue Acute inflammation
• Joint cement Fractures
• Plastic Component
• Pacemaker
• Thromboplebitis
• Eyes
• Gonads
Ultrasound
Therapy
RADIATIONS
Infrared, ultraviolet, LASER
Infrared
Short IR
Long IR