Korbel Foundation College, Inc.

Purok Spring, Brgy. Morales, City of Koronadal

Tel Number 877-2051/0228-1996

COMPUTER CRASH COURSE

Prepared by: ROMER T. BULANOS
Instructor’s Name : ROMER T. BULANOS

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MODULE 1 : KNOWING COMPUTER

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 Learning Objectives
At the end of the week, the students
must be able to:
01 To learn what is computer and
identify its fields of
application.
02 To determine the concept of
hardware and software, and
to be able to differentiate
them.

03 To identify and discuss the

components of computer system.
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MODULE 1 : KNOWING COMPUTER

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WHAT IS COMPUTER?

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COMPUTER

 A computer is a machine or an electronic device that performs,

processes, calculations, and operations based on instructions provided
by a software or hardware program.
 It has the ability to accept data (input), process it, and then produce
outputs.

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Basic Applications of a Computer

Computers play a role in every field of life. They are used in homes, business,
educational institutions, research organizations, medical field, government
offices, entertainment, etc.
1. Home
2. Medical Field
3. Entertainment
4. Industry
5. Education
6. Government
7. Banking

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1. HOME
Computers are used at homes for several purposes like online bill payment,
watching movies or shows at home, home tutoring, social media access, playing
games, internet access, etc. They provide communication through electronic
mail. They help to avail work from home facility for corporate employees.
Computers help the student community to avail online educational support.

2. MEDICAL FIELD
Computers are used in hospitals to maintain a database of patients’ history,
diagnosis, X-rays, live monitoring of patients, etc. Surgeons nowadays use
robotic surgical devices to perform delicate operations, and conduct surgeries
remotely. Virtual reality technologies are also used for training purposes. It also
helps to monitor the fetus inside the mother’s womb.

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3. ENTERTAINMENT
Computers help to watch movies online, play games online; act as a virtual
entertainer in playing games, listening to music, etc. MIDI instruments greatly
help people in the entertainment industry in recording music with artificial
instruments. Videos can be fed from computers to full screen televisions. Photo
editors are available with fabulous features.
4. INDUSTRY
Computers are used to perform several tasks in industries like managing
inventory, designing purpose, creating virtual sample products, interior
designing, video conferencing, etc. Online marketing has seen a great revolution
in its ability to sell various products to inaccessible corners like interior or rural
areas. Stock markets have seen phenomenal participation from different levels
of people through the use of computers.

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5. EDUCATION
Computers are used in education sector through online classes, online
examinations, referring e-books, online tutoring, etc. They help in increased use
of audio-visual aids in the education field.
6. GOVERNMENT
In government sectors, computers are used in data processing, maintaining a database of citizens
and supporting a paperless environment. The country’s defense organizations have greatly
benefitted from computers in their use for missile development, satellites, rocket launches, etc.

7. BANKING
In the banking sector, computers are used to store details of customers and conduct transactions,
such as withdrawal and deposit of money through ATMs. Banks have reduced manual errors and
expenses to a great extent through extensive use of computers.

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CONCEPTS OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

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TWO MAIN PARTS/COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER

1. HARDWARE
 It refers to a physical or tangible part of a computer.
 The hardware that is used to supply input is called input device.
 The hardware that is used to display output is called output device.
 The hardware that is used to process data is called processing device.

2. SOFTWARE
 is commonly known as programs, consists of all the instructions that tells
the hardware, how to perform each task.
 It is the intangible part of a computer.

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COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

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COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

1. Hardware
2. Software

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COMPUTER HARDWARE

1. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

 is the brain of a computer
 Processes and runs program
 It functions as a control unit that executes programs according to instructions in
its program memory.

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COMPUTER HARDWARE
INPUT DEVICES
2. KEYBOARD
 Processes and runs program
 It's also called the input device for your computer. Keyboards are used with PCs,
laptops, tablets, and other devices.
3. MOUSE
 hardware input device that is used to move the cursor or pointer on computer
screens.
 It can also be used to run computer programs, select items in a graphical user
interface, and manipulate objects in the computer world.
 Some common examples of how it can be used are clicking on buttons, scrolling
up and down the screen, selecting files, opening folders, and so on.

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OUTPUT DEVICES
4. MONITOR
 A monitor is an electronic visual display that connects to your computer or laptop.
 It is used for displaying images, text, videos, games, web pages, and more.
 use to display data, run the software, and interact with the user.

5. PRINTER
 an output device which prints any soft copy in hard copy.

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PROCESSING DEVICES
6. COMPUTER MEMORY
2 TYPES OF STORAGE MEMORY
1. Primary Storage
2. Secondary Storage

1. PRIMARY STORAGE
 Is a main memory of a computer.

2 TYPES OF PRIMARY STORAGE DEVICES

A. RAM (Random Access Memory)
B. ROM (Read-only Memory)

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TYPES OF PRIMARY STORAGE

A. RAM (Random Access Memory)
 RAM is a part of the computer CPU, so the data of RAM can be accessed
directly.

VARIOUS TYPES OF RAM

1. SDRAM
2. RD RAM
3. DDR SDRAM
4. FPM DRAM
5. VRAM
6. EDO RAM

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TYPES OF PRIMARY STORAGE

B. ROM (Read-Only Memory)
 can be read-only. You cannot tamper with the data in this memory. I mean you
cannot delete any data from ROM.
 ROM memory is a non-volatile storage memory.
VARIOUS TYPES OF RAM
1. MROM
2. PROM
3. EPROM
4. EEPROM

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PROCESSING DEVICES
2. SECONDARY STORAGE
 Refers to an external storage devices.

TYPES OF SECONDARY STORAGE

1. Hard Disk (HDD)
2. Solid Sate Drive (SDD)
3. Pen drive
4. CD Rom

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COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Types of Computer Software
1. SYSTEM SOFTWARE
 the system software is the bottom layer: it sits between the hardware and the
application software.
 example of this are Operating systems like Windows, macOS, Android and iOS.
These Operating systems are loaded into RAM when the device starts up, and
have access to the hard drive.
2. UTILITY SOFTWARE
 Utility software is part of the system software and performs specific tasks to
keep the computer running. Utility software is always running in the background.
Examples of utility software are security (Anti-Virus) and optimisation programs
(system clean-up, disk defragment).

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3. Application Software
 Anything that is not an operating system or a utility is an application or app.
 example of these are word processor, spreadsheet, web browser, and graphics
software  that can perform specific tasks.

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