Thermal Power

Plant
Energy, Water, Environment
Sustainability
Department of Engineering & Applied Sciences
Presented by:
449. Sukhsagar Mishra (sukhsagar.22110932@viit.ac.in)
450. Sahil Wagh (dnyaneshwar.22110964@viit.ac.in)
451. Girish Sarvankar (girish.22110980@viit.ac.in)
452. Snehal Salam (snehal.22111012@viit.ac.in)
453. Noyal Bakhtar (noyal.22111028@viit.ac.in)
…
 Table of contents
1 2 3
What is Thermal Power Diagram&Compone
Plant? nts Pros&Cons
Schematic Diagram & Advantages & Disadvantages of
Introduction, Photographs
Components of Power Plant Power Plant
What is Thermal Power 1
Plant?
Introduction, Photographs
Thermal Power Thermal Power Plant is used to convert heat
energy to electric power for household and

Plant commercial applications

Criteria for site selection of Thermal Power
Plant
Criterias are as follows:

● There must be ample of space for storage of coal, disposal of ash, building
of the power plant, residential colony of workers, markets and so forth.

● An approximate analysis suggests that for every MW(MegaWatt) of power

generated there must be atleast 3 acres of land available for the purpose.

● Large amount of water is required for cooling purposes hence it is better to

have such a source if available nearby in the form of rivers etc.
 40%
of world’s energy needs are fulfilled by coal-run power plants
Diagram & Components
2
Working Principle, Schematic Diagram &
Components of Power Plant
 Working Principle
• The working principle can be derived from this
simple experiment.
• The force of the steam rotates the blade, and it acts
like a simple turbine. This rotational energy
produces a small current in dynamo and lights the
bulb
• Thus we can say mechanical energy is converted
into electrical energy. This principle is used in the
Thermal Power Plant.
Schematic Diagram &
Working
• Steam strikes turbine blades, loses its high
pressure and blades rotate
• Exhaust steam condenses in the condenser
• This condensed water is supplied to a LP heater
i.e low-pressure heater as well as HP heater i.e is
high pressure heater to increase the temperature
of this feed water
• The turbine is connected to the generator, power
is generated.
 Components of Thermal Power Plant
Coal
Boiler Turbine
Conveyer

Cooling
Condenser Generator
Tower
 Coal Conveyer
With this coal is transported from
coal storage place in power plant to
the place nearby boiler
 Boiler
• Now, that coal is put in boiler furnace.
• Boiler is an enclosed vessel in which water
is heated and circulated until the water is
turned into steam at the required pressure
 Turbine
• This steam turbine is rotated
with the help of high pressure
and, High pressure steam and
this rotation is transferred to a
generator to produce electricity
• Steam Turbine is the heart of the
Power Plant
 Condenser
• Steam after rotating steam turbine comes to
condenser
• These condensers are heat exchangers which
convert steam from its gaseous state to its liquid
state, also known as a phase transition
 Cooling Tower
• The condensate formed in the condenser after
condensation is initially at high temperature. This
hot water is passed to cooling towers.
• It is a tower like device in which atmospheric air
circulates in direct or indirect contact with warmer
water and the water is thereby cooled.
 Generator
• An alternator is an electromechanical
device that converts mechanical energy
to alternating current electrical energy.
• In principle, any AC generator can be
called as an alternator
Pros & Cons
3
Advantages & Disadvantages of Thermal Power
Plant
 Pros Cons
The fuel used is quite cheap Higher maintenance and operational costs

Less initial cost as compared to other

Pollution of the atmosphere
generating plants

It can be installed at any place irrespective

of the existence of coal. The coal can be
Huge requirement of water
transported to the site of the plant by rail or
road.

Steam plants can withstand for overload for Handling of coal and disposal of ash is quite
certain extent difficult and requires large area
 All the references are taken
from
Thermal Power Plant – Manual
By Sheel Shah
 Conclusion
At present, the thermal power plant generates 70% electricity of total electricity generation. As we saw some
advantages and disadvantages of a thermal power plant, it is clear that the thermal power plant has many advantages
but the main disadvantage is the pollution of the atmosphere. The thermal power plant uses coals which produces
smokes and fumes. We must try to reduce pollution of the atmosphere as much as possible and go for some renewable
source of power generation.
Thanks