WATCHKEEPING

PRINCIPLES

BY:- CAPT. AMIT P. GHASTE

 WATCHKEEPING PRINCIPLES

WHAT IS MEANING OF WATCH?

WATCH MEANS KEEPING A DUTY.E.G. NAVIGATION WATCH,CARGO WATCH,ANCHOR
WATCH ETC.

WHAT IS WATCH SCHUDLE ON SHIPS?

FOR NAVIGATION WATCH OF FOUR HOURS
THIRD OFFICER- 0800 HRS TO 1200 HRS
SECOND OFFICER- 1200 HRS TO 1600 HRS
CHIEF OFFICER – 1600 HRS TO 2000 HRS
FOR CARGO WATCH-
CH/OFF IS TWENTY FOUR HOURS AVAILABLE
THEREFORE
THIRD OFFICER DO FROM 0600 HRS TO 1200 HRS
SECOND OFFICER DO FROM 1200 HRS TO 1800 HRS
AND CONTINUES.
 DUTIES AT NAVIGATION WATCH
 1.OOW IS REPRESENTATIVE OF MASTER ON BRIDGE
 2. REPORT ON DUTY AT LEAST 15 MINUTES BEFORE
 3. ONCE ON BRIDGE CHECK ALL NAVIGATIONAL EQUIPMENTS ARE WORKING
PROPERLY.E.G. GYRO/MAGNETIC COMPASS,GPS,RADAR,AIS,ENGINE
TELEGRAPH,VHF,HYGROMETER,BAROMETER,BINOCULARS,ETC
 4. CHECK VESSELS POSITION ON CHART BY PLOTTING ON CHART
 5. FOLLOW THE COMPANIES HANDING OVER/TAKING OVER WATCH PROCEDURE
 6. FOLLOW MASTERS STANDING ORDERS.
 7. CHECK STEERING SYSTEMS ,AS AUTO AND HAND STEERING
 8. CHECK COMPASS ERRORS.
 9. CHECK NAVIGATION LIGHTS ARE WORKING PROPERLY
 10. CHECK WITH LOOK OUT MAN IS FRESH AND FIT FOR DUTY
 11. COMPLY WITH COLREGS AND IRPCS.
 12. CALL MASTER IF ANY DOUBT.
 DUTIES ON CARGO WATCH
1. REPORT ON DUTY AT LEAST HALF AN HOUR
2. FOLLOW THE COMPANIES ATNDING ORDERS.
3. COMPLY WITH CHIEF OFFICERS/ MASTERS STANDING ORDERS.
4. CHECK WITH DUTY SEAMAN IS ON GANGWAY
5. CHECK WITH CARGO OPERATIONS
6. CHECK MOORING ROPES ARE IN PROPER CONDITION
7. TAKE A FULL ROUND OF MAIN DECK TO CHECK FOR ANY UNUSUAL THINGS
8. TAKE ROUND ON JETTY AND CHECK DRAFT .
9. CHECK GANGWAY CONDITION
10. CHECK FOR ANY OIL LEAKAGES AROUND THE SHIP
11. CHECK THE CARGO GEARS .E.G. CRANES,CARGO HOSES,DERRICKS ETC.
12. CHECK BALLASTING/DE BALLASTING OPERATIONS.
13. COMPLY WITH GARBAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN.
14. MAINTAIN ALL LOG BOOKS AND RECORDS,TIMELY.
 DUTIES OF LOOK-OUT MAN.
 LOOK OUT MAN IS NORMALLY A CADET OR ABEL BODIED SEAMAN.DUTIES ARE AS
FOLLOWS.
 1. REPORT ON DUTY 15 VMINUTES BEFORE.
 2. WEAR PROPER CLOTHING AS PER WEATHER CONDITIONS
 3. CHECK ALL NAVIGATION LIGHTS ARE WORKING
 4, TAKE WHOLE ROUND AROUND BRIDGE.
 5. CHECK WITH MANUAL /AUTO STEERING
 6. COMPARE WITH GYRO AND MAGNETIC COURSES.
 7. ASK THE RELIVER FOR ANY OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION.
 ONCE SATISFIED AND ADJUSTED WITH ALL CONDITIONS INFORM DUTY OFFICER
THAT YOU HAVE TAKEN OVER THE WATCH.
 ONCE ON DUTY
 1. REPORT ALL SHIPS,FLOATING OBJECTS,LIGHTS ETC WITH
RELATION TO YOUR SHIPS
 2. DON’T STAND AT ONE PLACE TAKE A FREQUENT ROUND
AROUND BRIDGE
 3. LISTEN AND REPORT FOR ANY SOUND/FOG SIGNALS
 4. CHECK FOR ANY UNAUTHORISED THINGS AROUND THE
SHIP
 5. IF ANY DOUBT INFORM TO OOW.
 6. BE ALERT AT ALL TIMES.
 ANNEX I CONTINUE
 INSTANTANIOUS RATE OF DISCHARGE-- OF OIL CONTENT
MEANS THE RATE OF DISCHARGE OF OIL IN LITERS PER
HOUR AT ANY INSTANT DIVIDED BY THE SPEED OF THE
SHIP IN KNOTS AT THE SAME INSTANT.

 TANK--- MEANS AN ENCLOSED SPACE WHICH IS FORMED

BY THE PERMANENT STRUCTURE OF A SHIP AND WHICH IS
DESIGNED TO CARRY LIQUID IN A BULK.

 WING TANK--- MEANS ANY TANK ADJECENT TO THE SIDE

SHELL PLATING.
 CENTRE TANK--- MEANS ANY TANK INBOARD OF A
LONGITUDINAL BULKHEAD.

 SLOPE TANK---- MEANS A TANK SPECIFICALLY DESIGNATED

FOR THE COLLECTION OF TANK DRAININGS,TANK
WASHINGS AND OTHER OILY MIXTURES.

 CLEAN BALLAST--- MEANS THE BALLST WHICH WILL NOT

PRODUCE VISIBLE TRACES OF OIL ON SURFACE OF WATER
AFTER DISCHARGE.

 SEGREGATED BALLAST----- MEANS THE BALLAST

WATER FILLED INTO A TANK WHICH IS COMPLETELY
SEPARATED FROM THE CARGO OIL AND OIL FUEL
SYSTEM.
PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE SEA AREA(PSSA)

 MEANS IS AN AREA THAT NEEDS SPECIAL

PROTECTION TROUGH ACTION BY IMO
BECAUSE OF ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR
RECOGNIZED ECOLOGICAL,SOCIO
ECONOMIC,OR SCIENTIFIC REASONS,WHICH
MAY GET POLLUTED THROUGH INTERNATIONAL
SHIPPING TRADES.
 LIST OF PSSA
 THE GREAT BARRIER REEF,AUSTRALIA,(1990)
 THE SABANA CAMAGUEY IN CUBA, (1997)
 THE MALPELO ISLAND, COLOMBIA, (2002)
 THE SEA AROUND THE FLORIDA KEYS, UNITED STATES,
(2002)
 THE WADDEN SEA OF DENMARK,GERMANY,NETHERLANDS,
(2002)
 PARACAS NATIONAL RTESERVE,PERU,(2003)
 WESTERN EUROPEAN WATERS,(2004)
 CANARY ISLANDS,SPAIN,(2005)
 BALTIC SEA,(2005)
SPECIAL AREAS AS PER ANNEX I
 1. THE GULF AREAS.
 2. OMAN AREAS OF ARABIAN SEA.
 3. THE GULF OF ADEN.
 4. MEDATERRIAN SEA.
 5. BALTIC SEA.
 6. BLACK SEA.
 7. THE NORTH WEST EUROPEAN WATER.
 RED SEA .
 SOUTHERN SOUTH AFRICAN WATER.
 THE ANTARCTIC SEA.
 DISCHARGE CRITERIAS
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF DISCHARGE ONBOARD:-
 BY MACHINARY SPACES
 BY CARGO SPACES (FROM OIL TANKER)

 BY MACHINARY SPACES OUTSIDE SPECIAL AREAS FROM

ANY TYPE OF SHIPS:-
 SHIP SHOULD BE ENROUTE,(ON PASSAGE)
 OIL DISCHARGE SHOULD BE DISCHARGED FROM OIL
FILTERING EQUIPMENT
 OIL CONTENT IN A SOLUTION,LIQUID OR WITHOUT
DILUTION SHOULDN’T BE MORE THAN 15 PPM
 OIL/OILY MIXTURE SHOULD NOT BE ORIGINATE FROM
CARGO PUMP ROOMS
 OILY MIXTURES IS NOT MIXED WITH OIL RESIDUES.

INSIDE SPECIAL AREAS---- BY ANY SHIPS:-

 VESSEL SHOULD BE ENROUTE (ON PASSAGE)
 OIL DISCHARGE SHOULD BE DISCHARGED FROM OIL
FILTERING EQUIPMENT
 OIL CONTENT SHOULD BE LESS THAN 15 PPM
 ADDITIONALLY AUTOMATIC STOPPING DEVICE WITH
RECIRCULATION SYSTEM AND WITH AUDIO AND VISUAL
ALARM SYSTEM SHOULD BE FITTED
 OIL/OILY MIXTURE NOT GENERATED FROM CARGO PUMP
ROOMS
 OILY MIXTURE IS NOT MIXED WITH ANY OILY CARGO
RESIDUES.

NOTE---
OIL/OILY MIXTURE FROM ANY SHIP DISCHARGE IS
STRICTALLY PROHIBITED IN ANTARCTIC AREA.
 CARGO SPACES
OUTSIDE SPECIAL AREA,FROM OIL TANKERS
 OIL TANKER VESSEL TO BE MORE THAN 50 NM AWAY
FROM THE NEAREST LAND
 SHIP SHOULD BE ENROUTE
 INSTANTANIOUS RATE OF DISCHARGE SHOULD NOT BE
MORE THAN 30 LTR/NM.
 TOTAL QUANTITY OF OIL DISCHARGE SHOULD NOT EXCEED
1/30000 OF THE TOTAL CARGO ONBOARD INCLUDING THE
OIL TO BE DISCHARGED.
 TANKER SHOULD CARRY AN APPROVED OPERATIONAL
ODMCS(OIL DISCHARGE MONITORING AND CONTROL
SYSTEM)WITH RECORDING DEVICE AND SLOPE TANK
ARRANGEMENT.
 THE CLEAN AND SEGREGARTED BALLST CAN DISCHARGE
ANY WHERE.

 THE OIL RESIDUES OR ANY SLUDGE WHICH CAN NOT

DISCHARGE OVERBORD SHALL KEPT ONBOARD AND HAND
OVER TO SHORE RECEPTION FACILITY.

NOTE-
ODMCS RECORD SHOULD BE KEPT ON BOARD FOR ATLEAST
3 YEARS.
 CERTIFICATE AND DOCUMENTS
REQUIRED AS PER
ANNEX I
 IOPP (INTERNATIONAL OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION
CERTIFICATE) SUPPLIMENTED WITH FORM A AND FORM B
 FORM A-RECORD OF CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENTS
FOR SHIPS OTHER THAN OIL TANKER.
 FORM B– RECORD OF CONSTRUCTION AND EQUIPMENTS
FOR OIL TANKERS
 OIL RECORD BOOK PART 1 REG.17– ONLY FOR MACHINARY
SPACES FOR TANKER MORE THAN 150 GT AND FOR ANY
SHIP MORE THAN 400 GT.
 PART 2 REG.36– FOR OIL TANKER OF MORE THAN 150 GT
FOR CARGO AND BALLAST OPERATIONS.
 CERTIFICATES CONTINUED.

 AS PER REG.17 OIL TANKERS OF MORE THAN 150 GT AND

ANY SHIP MORE THAN 400 GT SHALL CARRY SOPEP
APPROVED BY THE FLAG STATE ADMINISTRATION.
 ODMCS MANUAL
 CRUDE OIL WASHING MANUAL-WITH OPERATIONS AND
EQUIPMENT MANUAL
 RECORD OF ODMCS FOR LAST BALLAST VOYAGE.
 RECORDING DEVICE-1. CONTINIOUS RECORD OF
DISCHARGE IN LITER /NM.
 THE TOTAL QUANTITY DISCHARGED
 THE OIL CONTENT (PPM)
 ALL RECORDS SHALL BE IDENTIFIABLE BY DATE AND TIME
FOR AT LEAST 3 YEARS.
 OIL RECORD BOOK ENTRIES
OIL RECORD BOOK PART I ENTRIES-
 BALLASTING OR CLEANING OF OIL FUEL TANKS
 DISCHARGE OF DIRTY BALLAST OR CLEANING WATER
FROM OIL FUEL TANKS
 COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL OF OIL RESIDUES (SLUDGE
AND OTHER OIL RESIDUES)
 BILGE WATER DISCHARGE OVERBOARD FROM
MACHINARY SPACES
 BUNKERING OPERATIONS
 ACCIDENTAL DISCHARGE OF OIL OR OILY MIXTURE IN TO
THE SEA
 EACH OPERATION TO BE SIGN BY OOW WITH DATE AND
TIME AND EVERY PAGE TO BE SIGNED BY MASTER.

 ANY FAILURE OF OIL FILTERING EQUIPMENT.

 IT SHOULD BE READILY AVAILABLE AND RECORD SHOULD

BE KEPT FOR THREE YEARS FROM LAST ENTRY.
OIL RECORD BOOK PART II ENTRIES-
 ORB II IS ISSUED TO TANKERS ABOVE 150 GT FOR
MAKING ENTRIES OF CARGO/BALLAST OPERATIONS
i.e. TANKER WILL HAVE BOTH ORB PART I AND II.

ENTRIES IN ORB II-

 LOADING AND DISCHARGING OF CARGO
 INTERNAL TRANSFER OF OIL CARGO DURING VOYAGE.
 BALLASTING OF CARGO TANKS
 BALLASTING OF DEDICATED CLEAN BALLAST TANKS
 CLEANING OF CARGO TANKS
 DISCHARGE OF DIRTY BALLAST
 DISCHARGE OF WATER FROM SLPO TANKS INTO THE SEA.
 DISPOSAL OF RESIDUES AND OILY MIXTURES
 DISCHARGE OF CLEAN BALLAST CONTAINED IN CARGO
TANKS.
 DISCHARGE OF BALLAST FROM CLEAN BALLAST TANKS.
 CONDITION OF OIL DISCHARGE MONITORING AND
CONTROL SYSTEM.
 ACCIDENTAL OR OTHER EXCEPTIONAL DISCHARGES OF
OIL.
 SHIPBOARD OIL POLLUTION
EMERGENCY PLAN (SOPEP)
 SOPEP IS MANDATORY REQUIREMENT UNDER ANNEX I.
FOR ALL SHIPS ABOVE 400 GT AND ALL OIL TANKERS
ABOVE 150 GT.
 MASTER IS OVERALL INCHARGE OF SOPEP.
 SOPEP HELPS MASTER,OFFICERS AND OTHER ALL CREW
MEMBERS TO DEAL WITH OIL SPILL EMERGENCY.
 ALSO IT CONTAINS ALL THE INFORMATION AND
OPERATIONAL INSTRUCTIONS RELATED TO EMERGENCY
PROCEDURE AND SOPEP EQUIPMENT.
 PLAN CONTAINED IMP. CONTACT DETAILS OF RELATING
AUTHORITY.
 SOPEP SHOULD BE APPROVED BY FLAG STATE.
 ALSO IT CONTAINS ACTION PLAN IN EMEGENCY WITH
DUTIES OF ALL CREW,GENERAL INFORMATION OF SHIP
AND ITS OWENER,
 STEPS AND PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED AND
REPORTONG PROCEDURE
 DRAWINGS OF VARIOUS FUEL LINES,OIL TANKS,VENTS
CAPACITY OF TANKS ETC.
 GUIDELINE TO KEEP RECORDS OF INCIDENT.
 DETAILS OF WHEN AND HOW TO REVIEW THE PLAN.
 SOPEP LOCKER AND EQUIPMENTS
 SOPEP LOCKER IS NORMALLY ON MAIN DECK WITH
CLEARLY MARKED AS SOPEP LOCKER.

EQUIPMENTS IN SOPEP LOCKER ARE AS FOLLOWS:-

 AIR DRIVEN PUMP NAMED AS WILDEN PUMP
 SCUPPER PLUGS
 200 LTR.EMPTY DRUMS
 OIL ABSORBENT MATS
 SHOVELS,SCOPPES,BROOMS,SAWDUST, BUCKETS
 FIRE HOSES,FOAM TYPE EXTINGUISHER
 SEA BOOTS
 FACE MASK
 BIO DEGRADABLE EMPTY JUMBO BAGS
 OIL SPILL DISPERCENT CHEMICAL
 ANNEX II
 MARPOL Annex II came into force on 6 April 1987.
 It details the discharge criteria for the elimination of pollution by
noxious liquid substances carried in large quantities.

CARGO IS DIVIDED IN 4 CATEGORIES—

 CATEGORY ‘X’-MAJOR HAZARDS TO MARINE ENVIRONMENT OR
HUMAN HEALTH.
 CATEGORY ‘Y’- IT PRESENTS HAZARDS TO EITHER MARINE RESOURSES
OR HUMAN HEALTH BUT LESS THAN CAT.X,BUT IT HAS A LIMITATIONS
ON QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF DISCHARGE.
 CATEGORY ‘Z’– IT PRESENTS MINOR HAZARDS TO EITHER
MARINE RESOURSES OR HUMAN HEALTH,BUT IT HAS LESS
STRINGENT RESTRICTIONS ON THE QUANTITY AND
QUALITY OF DISCHARGE.
 OTHER SUBSTANCES– IT DOESN’T INCLUDE X,Y, OR Z
CATEGORY.IT PRESENTS NO HARM TO MARINE RESOURSES
OR HUMAN HEALTH.

SPECIAL AREA FOR ANNEX II IS ANTARCTIC AREA

 ANY DISCHARGE OF NLS OR MIXTURE CONTAINING NLS IS
STRICTLY PROHIBITED IN ANTARCTIC AREA.
 DISCHARGE STANDARDS REQUIRED
 FOR BALLAST,NLS MIXTURE,TANK WASHINGS OR RESIDUES
OF X,Y, OR Z CATEGORY
 THE PRE WASH IS MANDATORY FOR CAT.X AND Y BUT NOT
FOR CAT. Z AND OTHER SUBSTANCES.
 STRIP THE TANK PIPING,TANK CLEANING GEARS,CARGO
HANDLING GEARS AS PER PROCEDURE AND
ARRANGEMENT MANUAL
 SHIP SHOULD BE ENROUTE
 SHIP SPEED SHOULD BE 7 KNOTS IF SELF PROPELLED AND
4 KNOTS IF NOT SELF PROPELLED.
 DISTANCE SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN 12 NM FROM
NEAREST LAND
 DEPTH OF THE WATER NOT LESS THAN 25 MTRS.
 DISCHRGE SHOULD BE MADE BELOW WATER LINE,
THROUGH UNDER WATER DISCHARGE OUTLET.
 CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS REQUIRED

 IPPC i.e. INTERNATIONAL POLLUTION PREVENTION CERTIFICATE

 CERTIFICATE OF FITNESS
 PROCEDURE AND ARRANGEMENTS MANUAL
 SMPEP (SHIPBOARD MARINE POLLUTION EMERGENCY PLAN )
A.REQUIRED FOR EVERY SHIP ABOVE 150 GT CERTIFY TO CARRY NLS IN BULK.
B.PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED BY MASTER IN CASE OF MARINE POLLUTION
EMERGENCY.
C. LIST OF AUTHORITIES ARE TO BE CONTACTED IN CASE OF EMERGENCY
 CARGO RECORD BOOK
 INTERNATIONAL BULK CHEMICAL CODE (IBC CODE)
 OFFICERS SPECIALISE CHEMICAL TANKER COURSE
CERTIFICATE.
 ANNEX III
 ENTERED INTO FORCE ON 1ST JULY 1993
 HARMFUL SUB.ARE THOSE SUB.WHICH ARE IDENTIFIED AS MARINE
POLLUTANT IN INTERNATIONAL MARITIME DANGERIOUS GOODS CODE
(IMDG CODE)
 WHEN CARRYING HARMFUL SUBSTANCES THE PROPER INFORMATION
ON PACKAGING,LABELLING,STOWAGE,MARKINGS, SHOULD BE
PROVIDED.
 PROPER DOCUMENTS,ITS QUANTITY,AND SOURCE OF POLLUTION
SHOULD BE MENTIONED.
Regulation 3 - Marking and labelling
 (1) Packages containing a harmful substance shall be durably
marked with the correct technical name (trade names alone shall
not be used) and, further, shall be durably marked or labelled to
indicate that the substance is a marine pollutant. Such
identification shall be supplemented where possible by any other
means, for example, by use of the relevant United Nations
number.
 (2) The method of marking the correct technical name and of
affixing labels on packages containing a harmful substance shall
be such that this information will still be identifiable on packages
surviving at least three months' immersion in the sea. In
considering suitable marking and labelling, account shall be taken
of the durability of the materials used and of the surface of the
package.
 Packages containing small quantities of harmful
substances may be exempted from the marking
requirements.
 SUMMARY OF PACKING,LABELLING AND STOWAGE.
 THE PACAKAGES CONTAINING HARMFUL SUBSTANCES SHOULD BE
MARKED WITH CORRECT TECHNICAL NAME AND ALSO MARK AND
LABLE TO INDICATE IT IS A MARINE POLLUTANT.
 A PROPER UNITED NATION NUMBER (UN NUMBER) SHOULD BE
PROVIDED
 THE MARKING AND LABELLING SHOULD BE DONE AS PER PROPER
UNITED NATIONS CRITERIA,PRPPER MATERIAL SHOULD BE USED,
 MARKING AND LABELLING SHOULD BE DONE SO THAT IT WILL
REMAINED FOR ATLEAST THREE MONTHS AFTER IMMERSION IN SEA
WATER.
 FOR MARKING AND LABELLING IMDG CODE SHOULD BE REFFERED.
 PACKAGES CONTAINING SMALL QUANTITY OF HARMFUL SUB. MAY BE
EXEMTED FROM THE MARKING AND LABELLING REQUIREMENTS.
 ANNEX IV

 Marpol Annex IV came into force on

22 September 2003. It introduces
requirements to control pollution of
the sea by sewage from ships.
APPLIES TO:-
 FOR NEW SHIPS OF 400 GT AND ABOVE
 NEW SHIPS OF LESS THAN 400 GT BUT CERTIFY TO CARRY MORE
THAN 15PERSONS
 EXISTING OF 400 GT AND ABOVE
 EXISTING SHIP OF LESS THAN 400 GT BUT CARRY MORE THAN 15
PERSONS.
 DEFINATION-
 HOLDING TANK– THE TANK USED FOR THE COLLECTION AND
STOWAGE OF SEWAGE.
 TWO TYPES OF SEWAGE

 BLACK WATER- COMES FROM TOILET,FECES,FLUSH FROM

TOILET
 GREY WATER- COLLECTS FROM ALL DOMESTIC SOURCES
EXCEPT TOILETS i.e. SINKS,SHOWERS,BATH,WASHING
MACHINE,HOSPITAL ETC.
 DISCHARGE CRITERIA

THE DISCHARGE OF SEWAGE WHEN-

 THE SHIP IS DISCHARGING COMMINUTED AND
DISINFECTED SEWAGE USING A SYSTEM APPROVED BY
FLAG STATE.

 THE SHIP HAS AN OPERATIONAL SEWAGE TREATEMENT

PLANT.

 DISTANCE SHOULD BE MORE THAN 3 NM FROM NEAREST

LAND.
 ANNEX V
 GARBAGE– MEANS ALL KINDS OF OPERATIONAL AND
DOMESTIC WASTE EXCLUDING FRESH FISH AND PARTS
GENERATED DURING THE NORMAL OPERATIONS OF THE SHIP
AND SUPPOSE TO BE DISCHARGE PERIODICALLY OR
CONTINIOUSLY.
 ENTERED INTO FORCE ON 31ST DEC.1988
 IT APPLIES TO ALL SHIPS FLOATING IN WATER,FLOATING
PLATFORMS,OIL RIGS ETC.
 PLASTIC IS STICTALY PROHIBITED TO DISCHARGE INTO THE
SEA.
 IT SEVERELY RESTRICTS OTHER TYPES OF GARBAGE IN
COASTAL WATER AND IN SPECIAL AREAS.
 SPECIAL AREAS- THE GULF AREAS,RED SEA,MEDATERRIAN
SEA,BALTIC SEA,BLACK SEA,NORTH SEA,WIDER CARIBBEAN
REGION INCLUDING GULF OF MEXICO AND CARIBBEAN
SEA,ANTARCTIC SEA.
 DISCHARGE CRITERIA IN SPECIAL AREAS:- FROM 1ST JAN
2013 MAY ALLOW FOR RESIDUES WHICH ARE NOT
HARMFUL TO MARINE ENVIRONMENT, ONLY WHEN
DEPARTURE PORT AND ARRIVAL PORT ARE WITHIN
SPECIAL AREAS AND SHIP DOES NOT TRANSIT OUTSIDE
SPECIAL AREAS IN BETWEEN THEM.
 IF NO ADEQUATE RECEPTION FACILITY IS AVAILABLE INSIDE
SPECIAL AREAS.
 The amendments to MARPOL Annex V has
entered into force on 1 March 2018. The
changes includes are as follows
 criteria for determining whether cargo
residues are harmful to the marine
environment, and a new Garbage Record
Book format with a new garbage category
for e-waste.
Declaration of cargo residues:-
Cargo residues which are not harmful to the marine
environment have less strict discharge requirements
than cargo residues which are harmful. Solid bulk
cargo as per regulation of SOLAS, other than grain,
shall now be classified as per the criteria in the new
appendix I of MARPOL Annex V, and the shipper shall
then declare as to whether or not the cargo is
harmful to the environment (HME). 
 Garbage Record Book
 A new form of the Garbage Record Book (GRB) has been included in
appendix II to MARPOL Annex V. The GRB will be divided into two
parts: 
 Part I for all garbage other than cargo residues, applicable to all ships
 Part II for cargo residues only applicable to ships carrying solid bulk
cargo 
 The garbage categories have also been amended to include e-waste,
and the category for cargo residues has been split into HME (harmful
to the marine environment) and non-HME. The new garbage
category distribution will be as follows:  
 GARBAGE CATEGORIES

 The GRB garbage categories have also been amended to include e-waste 1), and the
category for cargo residues has been split into HME (harmful to the marine
environment) and non-HME. The new garbage category distribution will be as follows:  
 A. Plastics 
B. Food waste 
C. Domestic wastes 
D. Cooking oil 
E. Incinerator ashes 
F. Operational waste 
G. Animal carcasses 
H. Fishing gear 
I. E-waste 
J. Cargo residues (non-HME) 
K. Cargo residues (HME) 
 The GRB discharge table has also been revised, as both
incineration start and stop date/time/position shall be
recorded. In addition, a new table is included for reporting
exceptional discharge or loss of garbage under regulation
7, also covering the reason for the discharge or loss,
details there of and precautions taken.
 The new GRB part II for solid bulk cargo residues includes
entries for position or port, garbage category (J or K),
amount discharged to sea or reception facilities, and start
and stop positions for sea discharge.  
 Even though Annex V of MARPOL is mandatory for all
ships, there are neither certification nor approval
requirements. 
Always pay attention
to your ship, work
hard and look to
preserve our nature as
best as possible. This
is what happens when
people are not
interested in life and
our ambiance.
The following is required under MARPOL

 Placards posted on board noting the discharge

requirements.
 A Garbage Management Plan.
 A Garbage Record Book.
 Along with the GRB, receipts obtained from receptions
facilities will also be required to be kept on board for at
least two years. 
DISPOSAL REQUIRMENTS FOR
 EXPIRED MEDICINE- HAND OVER TO SHORE MEDICAL
FACILITY AND TAKE A RECEIPT
 EXPIRED PYROTECHNICS- HAND OVER TO POLICE OR
CUSTOMS AND TAKE A RECEIPT
 BATTERIES- COMES IN DOMESTIC AND OPERATIONAL
WASTE FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS AS PER ANNEX V
STORED IN SEPARATE CONTAINER AS THEY MAY BE
HAZARDOUS TO SHIP PEOPLE.
 TUBE LIGHTS- STORED IN SEPARATE CONTAINER AND
HAND OVER TO SHORE FACILITY.
What is Garbage Management Plan (GMP)?

 The Garbage Management Plan is a complete guideline

which comprises of a written procedure for collecting,
storing, processing, and disposing of garbage generated
onboard ship as per regulations provided in Annex V of
MARPOL

 Training must be given to ship’s staff for proper garbage

disposal onboard ship and for knowledge on garbage
disposal regulations at sea and in special areas.
Where is GMP Applicable?

 A GMP is mandatory for all ships above 100GT and on

ships certified to carry 15 persons or more and it is written
in the working language of the crew as per the guidelines
developed by the organisation.
 GMP to be retained onboard as a record for a period of
two years from the date of last entry.
 A Responsible officer is to be in charge for maintaining
garbage management plan on ship. Normally chief officer
is responsible along with 2nd engineer (engine
department).
 Brief about GMP
 An approved garbage management plan must consist of the
following-
 Ships details.
 Overview of Annex V of MARPOL
 List of equipments for handling garbage on ship.
 Placards to be posted for disposal criteria.
 Possible local recycling arrangements.
 Written procedures for Collecting Garbage
 Garbage segregation description to avoid intermixing of garbage
which includes Identification of suitable receptacles for collection
& separation.
 Garbage processing methods available on the ship.
 Garbage storing methods and garbage station.
 Entry to be made in garbage record book.
 Emergency and accidental discharge criteria.
 Garbage disposal methods.
 Needs of the reception facilities.
 Identify the available operating & maintenance procedures
of collecting equipment on board.
 Describe the training or education programs to facilitate
the processing of garbage.
 Identify the location of each collection point.
  ANNEX VI
 Annex VI came into force on 19 May 2005.
 It introduces requirements to regulate the air pollution being emitted by
ships, including the emission of ozone-depleting substances, Nitrogen
Oxides (NOx), Sulphur Oxides (SOx), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
and shipboard incineration. It also establishes requirements for reception
facilities for wastes from exhaust gas cleaning systems, incinerators, fuel
oil quality, for off-shore platforms and drilling rigs and for the
establishment of SOx Emission Control Areas (SECAs).
 ANNEX VI
 ENTERED INTO FORCE ON 19TH MAY 2005
 IT REGULATES THE EMMISION OF SULPHUR DI
OXIDE(SOX),NITROGEN OXIDE(NOX),OZONE DEPLETING
SUBSTANCES(ODS),VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND(VOC)
AND SHIPBOARD INCINARATORS
 OZONE DEPLITING SUB.(ODS)-REFRIGERATED
GASES,HALON FIXED FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEMS
 SOX- GASES FROM SULPHUR CONTENT FROM MAIN
ENGINE FUEL
 NOX- FROM MAIN ENGINE EXHAUST DUE TO MIXING OF O2
AND N2 AT HIGH TEMPERATURE
 VOC- EXHAUST GASES FROM TANKS OF TANKERS AND
FROM SHIPBOARD INCINARATORS.
 REG 14 OF ANNEX VI- BEFORE 2010 SOME AREAS WERE
CALLED EMMISION CONTROL AREAS(ECA) BUT AFTER 2010
IT CALLED AS SULPHUR EMMISION CONTROL AREAS .(SECA)
 SECA AS PER ANNEX VI- BALTIC SEA,NORTH SEA, NORTH
AMERICA,MOST OF US AND CANADIAN COAST,CARRIBBEAN
SEA INCLUDING PUERTO RICO AND VIRGIN ISLANDS
SULPHUR LIMITS IN FUEL IN SECA
AREAS
 BEFORE 1ST JULY 2010 ---- 1.50% MASS BY MASS
 BETWEEN 1ST JULY 2010 TO 1ST JAN 2015---- 1.00% MASS BY
MASS
 AFTER 2015---- 0.10 % MASS BY MASS

OUTSIDE SECA AREAS:-

 BEFORE 1ST JULY ,2012--- 4.50 % MASS BY MASS
 BETWEEN 1ST JAN 2012 TO 1ST JAN 2020 ---- 3.50 % MASS
BY MASS
 AFTER 1ST JAN 2020---0.50 % MASS BY MASS
 SUBJECT TO REVIEW COMPLETED NO LATER THAN 2018.
 REG.13 OF ANNEX VI (NOX)- APPLIES TO EACH DIESEL
ENGINE WITH POWER OUTPUT MORE THAN 130 KW
 NOX EMMISION CONTROL AREAS(NECA)-NORTH
AMERICA,UNITED STATES,CARIBBEAN SEA
FOR NOX EMMISION THERE ARE TIER I,TIER II,AND TIER III, EMMISION
LIMITS

 TIER I-APPLIES TO SHIP CONSTRUCTED ON OR AFTER 1ST

JAN 1990 BUT PRIOR TO 1ST JAN 2000 WITH APPROVED
METHOD IS FITTED BY ORGANISATION

 TIER II– SHIP CONSTRUCTED ON OR AFTER 1ST JAN 2011

 TIER III- SHIP CONSTRUCTED ON OR AFTER 1ST JAN 2016

CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS

IAPPC:-
 INTERNATIONAL AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION
CERTIFICATE

EEDI
 EMERGRNCY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX

SEEMP
 SHIPBOARD ENERGY EFFICIANCY MANAGEMENT PLAN
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE CONTROL
AND MANAGEMENT OF SHIPS BALLAST WATER AND
SEDIMENTS

 AS PER THIS CONVENTION EVERY SHIP SHOULD HAVE BALLAST

WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN APPROVED BY FLAG STATE.
 MAIN AIM OF THIS CONVENTION IS TO PREVENT THE
TRANSFER AND SPREAD OF HARMFUL AQUTIC ORANISMS
FROM ONE PART OF WORLD TO OTHER PART THROUGH SEA
WATER BALLAST.
 EVERY SHIP SHOULD HAVE BALLAST WATER RECORD BOOK FOR
RECORDING THE LOCATION ,DATE AND TIME AT WHICH
BALLAST WATER IS TAKEN ON BOARD AND DISCHARGED BACK
INTO THE SEA.
TWO METHODS OF EXCHANGE:-
 SEQUENTIAL EMPTY/REFILL METHOD
 FLOW THROUGH METHOD

SEQUENTIAL METHOD:-
ALL BALLAST TANKS ARE COMPLETELY EMPTY AND REFILLED
AT SEA STEP BY STEP.CONSIDERING THE FOLLOWING
 VESSEL STABILITY,
 HULL GIRDER STRENGTH,
 PROPELLER IMMERSION,
 BRIDGE VISIBILITY,
 LIST ANGLE
FLOW THROUGH METHOD:-
TANKS WILL BE OVERFLOW BY NEW BALLAST ONCE 63% IS
EMPTY THEN AGAIN NEW BALLAST WILL ADD AGAIN EMPTY
TILL 86 % ,AS LIKE THIS 4 TIMES THE VOLUME EMPTIED THE
EXCHANGE WILL BE OF 98%. BUT CARE MUST BE TAKEN FOR
NOT OVER PRESSURISING THE TANKS AND AIR VENTS.
EXCHANGE OF WATER PREFERABALY CARRIED OUT IN DEEP
SEA AT DISTANCE MORE THAN 200 NM FROM NEAREST
LAND AND MORE THAN 200 MTRS OF DEPTH OF WATER.IF
NOT POSSIBLE DUE TO SHIPS PASSAGE ATLEAST 50 NM
FROM NEAREST LAND AND MORE THAN 50 MTRS OF DEPTH
OF WATER.
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON THE CONTROL
OF HARMFUL ANTIFOULING SYSTEM ON SHIPS

 ANTIFOULING PAINTS ARE NORMALLY USED ON SHIPS

BOTTOM IN DRY DOCK TO MINIMISE THE MARINE
GROWTH.
 IT MAKE SURE THAT SHIP SHOULD NOT USE ANTI FAULING
PAINT WHICH CONTAINS ORGANO TIN (TIN BASED
COMPOUND) WHICH CAN CAUSE HARM TO MARINE AND
HUMAN LIFE.
 CAME INTO FORCE 17TH SEPT 2008.
 QUESTIONSS
 Q- HOW THE FOOD WASTE HANDLED ON BOARD THE SHIP?
 ANS-
 1. ALL GARBAGE IS HANDLED ON SHIP AS PER GARBAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN
 2. ALL FOOD WASTE IS COLLECTED IN SEPARATE DRUMS
 3. NO GARBAGE IS THROWN IN LESS THAN 12 NM FROM NEAREST LAND IF IT IS NOT
GROUNDEND AND COMMUNATED.
 4. IF GROUNDED AND COMMUNATED THEN THROW NOT LESS THAN 3 NM
 5. MEASURES ARE TAKEN TO REDUCE WASTE OF FOOD
 6. REGULAR TRAININGS AND MEETINGS ARE HELD TO TRAIN THE PEOPLE
 7. VARIOUS PLAYCARDS ARE PLACED
 Q- SHORT NOTES ON SOPEP,ORB,GRB,ODS,SMPEM ETC.
 SOPEP- IT IS A SHIP BOARD OIL POLLUTION EMERGENCY PLAN,SOPEP IS
MANDATORY REQUIREMENT UNDER ANNEX I. FOR ALL SHIPS ABOVE 400 GT AND
ALL OIL TANKERS ABOVE 150 GT.
 MASTER IS OVERALL INCHARGE OF SOPEP.
 SOPEP HELPS MASTER,OFFICERS AND OTHER ALL CREW MEMBERS TO DEAL WITH OIL
SPILL EMERGENCY.
 ALSO IT CONTAINS ALL THE INFORMATION AND OPERATIONAL INSTRUCTIONS
RELATED TO EMERGENCY PROCEDURE AND SOPEP EQUIPMENT.
 PLAN CONTAINED IMP. CONTACT DETAILS OF RELATING AUTHORITY.
 SOPEP SHOULD BE APPROVED BY FLAG STATE.
 ALSO IT CONTAINS ACTION PLAN IN EMEGENCY WITH DUTIES OF ALL CREW,GENERAL
INFORMATION OF SHIP AND ITS OWENER,
 STEPS AND PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED AND REPORTONG PROCEDURE
 DRAWINGS OF VARIOUS FUEL LINES,OIL TANKS,VENTS CAPACITY OF TANKS ETC.
 GUIDELINE TO KEEP RECORDS OF INCIDENT.
 DETAILS OF WHEN AND HOW TO REVIEW THE PLAN.
 OIL RECORD BOOK-
 THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF OIL REORD BOOK,OIL RECORD BOOK PART 1 AND
PART 2
 PART ONE IS REQUIRED FOR ALL THE ENTRIES RELATED TO MACHINARY
PLACES
 PART 2 IS REQUIRED BY OIL TANKER FOR MAKING ENTRIES RELATED CARGO
OPERATIONS
 THAT MEANS TANKER HAS TO CARRY BOTH PART 1 AND 2 AND OTHER SHIP
WILL CARRY ONLY PART 1
 ALL ENTRIES SHOULD BE MADE BY RESPONSIBLE OFFICER AND COUNTER
SIGNED BY CHIEF ENGG,AND MASTER.
 ALL RECORDS SHOULD BE KEPT FOR AT LEAST 3 YEARS FROM LAST ENTRY
ONBOARD FOR VARIFICATION.
 GARBAGE RECORD BOOK –
 GARBAGE RECORD BOOK IS TO BE CARRIED BY ALL SHIPS TO KEEP RECORDS OF
DISPOSAL OF GARBAGE .
 PART I FOR ALL GARBAGE OTHER THAN CARGO RESIDUES, APPLICABLE TO ALL SHIPS
 PART II FOR CARGO RESIDUES ONLY APPLICABLE TO SHIPS CARRYING SOLID BULK CARGO
 THE GARBAGE CATEGORIES HAVE ALSO BEEN AMENDED TO INCLUDE E-WASTE, AND THE
CATEGORY FOR CARGO RESIDUES HAS BEEN SPLIT INTO HME (HARMFUL TO THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT) AND NON-HME.
 THE RECORD SHALL BE MAINTAINED FOR THREE YEARS.
 ENTRIES REGARDING GARBAGE SUCH AS,
 1.GARBAGE DISCHARGED INTO SEA
 2.DISCHARGED TO SHORE RECEPTION FACILITY
 3.QUANTITY DISCHARGED IN SEA OR SHORE FACILITY
 4.WHEN GARBAGE IS INCINERATED
 5.ACCIDENTAL DISCHARGE INTO SEA OR OTHER PLACES
 AFTER DISCHARGING TO SHORE FACILITY GARBAGE RECEIPT TO BE TAKEN AND
IT SHOULD BE MAINTAINED FOR TWO YEARS WITH GARBAGE RECORD BOOK
 OZONE DEPLITING SUB.(ODS)-REFRIGERATED GASES,HALON FIXED FIRE FIGHTING
SYSTEMS
 THESE ARE THE SUBSTANCES WHICH DEPLETES THE LAYER OF OZONE OF ATMOSPHERE
WHICH IS DANGERIOUS FOR HUMAN BEING,PLANTS AND ANIMALS.
 AS PER ANNEX 6 OF MARPOL THERE ARE RESTRICTION ON EMMISIONOF NOX,SOX
AND OZONE DEPLITING SUBSTANCES IN AIR THROUGH EXHAUST GASES OF SHIPS.
 SHIP HAS TO TAKE CONTROL MEASURES TO REDUCE THIS EMMISIONS IN AIR.
 SMPEP (SHIPBOARD MARINE POLLUTION EMERGENCY PLAN )
 AS PER ANNEX 2 OF MARPOL THE FOLLOWING SHIP ARE REQUIRED TO CARRY SMPEP
ONBOARD.WHICH GIVES GUIDELINES TO MASTER
A.REQUIRED FOR EVERY SHIP ABOVE 150 GT CERTIFY TO CARRY NLS IN BULK.
B.PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED BY MASTER IN CASE OF MARINE POLLUTION EMERGENCY.
C. LIST OF AUTHORITIES ARE TO BE CONTACTED IN CASE OF EMERGENCY
THE END