Stability Sqa

Made by : MUGIL VASANTH, TAMIL NADU (INDIA)
E-mail : Mugilvasanth@yahoo.com
Explain the procedures and precautions to be observed before entering

an enclosed space? (13) March-05
Explain the precautions and procedures that must be taken when

entering an enclose or confined space on a merchant vessel such as an
empty cargo or ballast tank (20) Nov-05
The following precautions should be taken before entering an enclosed space.
1. A competent person should make an assessment

2. Responsible officer to take charge.
3. The potential hazards should be identified.
4. The space should be prepared and secured for entry.
5. The atmosphere of the space should be tested.
6. A 'permit-to-work' to be completed.
7. Procedures before and during the entry should be instituted.
The following procedure should be taken before entering an enclosed space
1. Access to and within the space should be adequate and well illuminated.
2. No sources of ignition should be taken into the space unless the responsible
officer is satisfied that it is safe to do so.
3. Rescue and all available resuscitation equipment to be ready at the entrance
to the space
4. The number of personnel entering the space should be limited to those who
actually need to work in the space.
5. A responsible person is to be in attendance at the entrance to the space
while it is occupied.
6. Communications procedures are to be agreed and acknowledged by all those
involved. Communications between the attendant at the entrance and the
Officer on watch (Bridge or ECR) should be established.
7. Before entry is permitted it should be established that entry with breathing
apparatus is possible.
8. Lifelines should be long enough for the purpose and capable of being firmly
attached to the harness, but the wearer should be able to detach them
easily should they become tangled.
9. The space should be ventilated throughout the operation.
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List the equipment that should be available at the entrance of an

enclosed space in the event of an emergency? (6 marks) Oct-05, March-
06
1. Stretcher,
2. SCBA
3. Spare bottles
4. Safety light
5. Safety harness
6. Communications (VHF)
7. ELSA‟s
8. First Aid kit
9. Resuscitator
10.Rescue lines
11.Rescue Tripod/‟A‟ Frame
State five annexes that are listed under the IMO MARPOL 73/78
convention? (5) Mar-06
I oil,
II Noxious liquid substances in bulk (chemical)
III Harmful substances in packaged form (loaded in container ship)
IV Ship sewage'
V Garbage,
VI Air Pollution from ships
Outline the entries that must be made in an oil record book part 1 and 2?
(9) Nov-05 (N)
Entries in ORB- Part I - Machinery space Operation- All Ship:
 Ballasting or cleaning of fuel oil tanks

 Discharging of dirty Ballast or cleaning water from fuel oil tanks
 Collection and disposal of oil residues (sludge)
 Discharging overboard bilge water
 Bunkering fuel or lubricating oil in bulk
 Condition of oil discharge monitoring and control system.
 Accidental or other exceptional discharge.
 Additional operational procedure or general remarks.
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Entries in ORB- Part II- Cargo/Ballast Operation-Tankers:
 Loading of oil cargo

 Internal transfer of oil during the voyage
 unloading of oil cargo
 Ballasting of cargo tanks.
 Ballasting of dedicated clean ballast tank. ( CBT tankers only)
 Cleaning of cargo tanks including crude oil washing.
 Discharge of water from slop tank
 Disposal of residues
 Discharge of ballast from Cargo tanks
 Discharging of ballast from clean ballast tank. (CBT tankers only)
 Condition of oil discharge monitoring and control system.
 Accidental or other exceptional discharge of oil.
 Additional operational procedure or general remarks.
Tankers engaged in specific trades
 Loading of ballast water

 Re-allocation of ballast water within ship
 Ballast water discharge to reception facility.
All entries (each operation) are to be signed and dated by the officer in charge of
the operation and each page must be counter-signed by the master.
In front of the book a ship‟s tank plan with capacities must be entered.
The record book must be retained onboard ship for 3 years.
State the conditions that must be applied under Annex I, MARPOL 73/78
with respect to the discharge of oil or oily mixture residue from cargo,
into any part of the sea from a ship of 400t and above other than an oil
tanker (6) Nov-05 (N)
Machinery space:
 The ship not within a special area.
 The ship is proceeding enroute (on a voyage)
 The oil content of the effluent without dilution does no exceed 15 parts per
million (ppm).
 The ship has in operation equipment as required by the regulation 16 of annex
1 i.e Oil Discharge Monitoring and control system and filtering equipment.
State the conditions that must be applied under Annex I, MARPOL 73/78
with respect to the discharge of oil or oily mixture residue from cargo,
into any part of the sea from an oil tanker (6)
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Tankers:
 The tanker is not within a special area.
 The tanker is more than 50 miles from nearest land.
 The tankers is proceeding enroute (on a voyage)
 The instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content is not more then 30 litres
per nautical mile
 total oil residue discharge <1/15000 of product carried –for existing tanker
 total oil residue discharge <1/30000 of product carried)
 The tanker has in operation as required by the regulation 15 of annex 1 i.e

oil discharge monitoring and control system and slop tank arrangement.
What do you understand by the term special area?

Define a special area under the IMO MARPOL 73/78 Convention (3)
june-05, March-06
Special area means a sea area where for recognised technical reasons in relation
to its oceanographical and ecological condition and to the particular character of
its traffic the adoption of special mandatory methods for the prevention of sea
pollution by oil/garbage is required.
In accord with Regulation 10, of MARPOL, Special areas are designated sea
areas where discharge of oil and garbage is prohibited or severely restricted by
specific provision. Such special areas includes:
1. Antarctic
2. Baltic Sea
3. Black Sea
4. Mediterranean Sea
5. North Sea
6. Persian Gulf
7. Red Sea
8. Wider Caribbean
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Outline the entries that must be made in the Garbage Record book?
(10) Oct-05, March-06
Entries in the Garbage Record book, shall be made on each of the following
occasons:
a) when garbage is discharged into the sea :

- Date and time of discharge
- Position of ship, latitude/longitude.
- Category of garbage discharged.
- Estimated amount discharged for each category in m3.
- Signature of Officer in charge of the operation.
b) when garbage is discharged to reception facilities ashore or to

other ships :
- Date and time of discharge.
- Port facility, or name of the receiving ship.
- Category of garbage discharged.
- Estimated amount discharged for each category in m3.
- Signature of Officer in charge of the operation.
c) when garbage is incinerated :

- Date and time of start and stop of incineration.
- Position of the ship, latitude and longitude.
- Estimated amount incinerated in m3.
- Signature of Officer in charge of the incineration.
d) Accidental or other exceptional discharge of garbage :

- date and time of occurrence.
- Port or position of the ship at time of occurrence.
- Estimated amount in m3 and category of garbage.
- Circumstances of disposal, escape or loss, the reason therefore and
general remarks.
Describe the precautions and preparations to be taken by the oow during

cargo operations, to prevent pollution for each of the following:
Management of garbage on any vessel (5 marks)
With reference to a general cargo vessel which is alongside loading;

explain a system of garbage management that can be utilized by the
oow to prevent pollution (7) Nov-05
- Principle of collection, processing, storage and disposal to be observed.

- Disposal into skips/collection areas ashore/on jetty, or possibly provided on
board ship by shore.
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- Ensure garbage is not tipped/dumped anywhere else ashore.

- Ensure correct disposal of i.e. correct garbage into correct skip (different
skip provided)
- If using a barge for disposal - awareness of times of barge arrival.
- The incinerator may not be used in port as per port regulations.
- All movement of garbage to be recorded in garbage logbook.
Describe the precautions and equipment required when using a gangway

as a means of access to vessel? (7) March-05, Oct-05,July-06
ships of 30 meters or more in length are required to carry a gangway

and those of 120m or more in length an accommodation ladder.
(Accommodation Ladders, Gangways, bulwark ladders, portable and rope

ladders)
1. Angle of slope no more than 30 o (Gangway)

2. Angle of slope no more than 55 o (Accommodation ladder)
3. Safety net free of damage and properly rigged.
4. The bottom platform must be horizontal.
5. Have adequate illumination.
6. Fitted with suitable fencing along the entire length.
7. Lifebuoy with self activating light and separate safety line must also
provided at access area.
8. Have a watchman standing on shore for security.
9. ``No Smoking`` and ``No Unauthorised Persons`` signs displayed.
10. Fire wallet available at gangway.
These responsibilities remain even when the means of access is provided from
the shore.
The following equipments are required for gangway:
1) bulwark ladder
2) guard ropes and chains
3) chain block
4) safety net
5) life buoy with self activating light and buoyant life line.
Describe the precautions and equipment required when using a pilot

ladder as a means of access to vessel? (7) March-05, oct-05, July-06
Describe the preparations required when using a pilot ladder/hoist as a
means of access to a vessel? (7) Jun-05
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1. Each Pilot ladder, accommodation ladder, hoist and associated

equipments is properly maintained and stowed, and regularly inspected
to ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, each is safe to use.
2. Each Pilot ladder and hoist is used only for embarkation and
disembarkation of pilots and by officials and other persons while a ship is
arriving at or leaving a port.
3. The rigging of the pilot ladder, accommodation ladder, hoist and
associated equipment is supervised by a responsible officer who is in
communication with the navigating bridge.
4. Personnel engaged in rigging or operating the pilot ladder/hoist should be
fully instructed in the safe procedures to be adopted and that the
equipment is to be tested prior to each use.
5. The pilot ladder should be rigged in such manner that the steps are
horizontal, and such that the lower end is at height above the water to
allow ease of access to and from the attendant craft.
6. The pilot ladder should rest firmly the side of the ship.
7. A safety-line and harness, a life-buoy with a self-igniting light, and a
heaving line should be kept at hand ready for use.
8. The pilot ladder or hoist overside and its controls, and also the position
where the person embarks and disembarks on the ship should be
adequately lit.
9. The hoist must be maintained in accordance with the manufacture‟s
maintenance manual, and a record kept by the responsible officer in the
maintenance log book.
10. The master is required to ensure that the hoist is subject to regular test
rigging and inspection. Such tests should be carried out by designated
ship's personnel at regular intervals. All tests should be logged.
Outline the objectives and purpose of the international safety

management (ISM) code (11) March-05, July-06
ISM means the International Safety Management Code for the safe operation of
Ships and Pollution Prevention.
objectives of ISM Code to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or

loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular to the
marine environment, and to property.
Safety-management objectives of the Company should, inter alia:

.1 provide for safe practices in ship operation and a safe working environment;
.2 establish safeguards against all identified risks; and
.3 continuously improve safety-management skills of personnel ashore and
aboard ships, including preparing for emergencies related both to safety and
environmental protection.
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The safety-management system should ensure:

.1 compliance with mandatory rules and regulations; and
.2 that applicable codes, guidelines and standards recommended by the
Organization, Administrations, classification societies and maritime industry
organizations are taken into account.
State the liability resulting from an offence connected with discharge of

oil from cargo tanks or machinery space bilges under uk regulations (2)
Oct-05
If any ship fails to comply with any requirement of regulations 12,13, or 16 (the
discharge regulations), the owner and the master will each be guilty of an
offence and both will be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding
250000, or on conviction on indictment to an unlimited fine.
Explain why the LCF may move on a ship shape vessel? (4 marks)
The LCF is at the centroid of the waterplane area at that particular draught. With
a ship shape vessel the waterplane area will change with draught. As a
consequence the centroid of the new waterplane area (LCF) will also change and
may move forward and aft of its initial position with such a change in draught.
Describe the preparations and precautions that should be taken to

ensure both the vessel’s watertight integrity and the security of the
cargo? (13) Jun-05
Describe the preparation of the vessel for sea and adverse weather with
respect of watertight integrity and security of cargo?
1. Inform master, E/R, galley and Crew.

2. Check whether all movable objects been secured above and below decks
particularly in E/R, Galley and store rooms, paint locker, boson store
3. Check whether ships accommodation been secured and all ports and
deadlights closed.
4. check lashing of life boat and life rafts
5. Check whether Wx deck openings been secured – hatch Access, doors, air
and bilge pipe to be covered, sounding caps to be closed, mooring winches
to be covered electrical circuits
6. further on deck
- Gangway to be extra lashed and properly secured
- Close all watertight doors
- Loose mooring ropes to be in and lashed
- All loose gears, drums etc to be secured and lashed
- Anchor to be extra lashed and secured, spurling pipe to be covered
- Scuppers and outlets to be kept open on deck
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- FSE to be reduced in tank
Additional for general cargo ships:

- Rig safety line
- Hatches to be batten down
- Cargo gear lashings with hook.
- Cargo lashings to be tightened if loaded (Check cargo lashing).
Additional for tankers:
- Dip trays are clean of oil and are unplugged.

- Tank lids , sighting ports, ullage ports, purge pipes are closed
Or
1. close all hatches and tanks fully, before sailing.
2. maintain and test water tight seals and openings.
3. ensure spurling pipes are sealed correctly.
4. adjust ship‟s course and speed in heavy wx.
5. keep watertight doors closed when at sea
6. ensure freeing ports open efficiently and are not obstructed by rabbish or
deck cargoes.
7. keep scuppers clear and clean.
8. sound all compartments daily.
Explain two methods whereby free surface effect (FSE) may be reduced
or eliminated in a compartment? (4 marks)
1. by introducing a watertight centerline bulkhead into the compartment.

2. by introducing a washplate bulkhead into the compartment.
3. constructing the compartment with hopper type features to reduce „b‟.
4. completely filling the compartment.
5. completely emptying the compartment.
Outline the functions of approved oil discharge monitoring and control

system equipment (ODMCS) as required by Annex I, MARPOL 73/78. (5)
Nov-05
As required by Annex I, MARPOL 73/78. The system shall record continuously :

1. the discharge of oil in litres per nautical mile; and
2. the total quantity of oil discharged, or alternatively, the oil content of the
effluent and the rate of discharge.
In both cases, the record should be identifiable as to time and date and should
be kept for at least three years.
b) an audiable and visable alarm to warn when operator preset limits are
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exceed.
c) an automatic system to stop the discharge in the event that MARPOL limits
are exceeded.
d) an override system which prevents the discharge of residues when the
monitor is not in used.
e) a permanent record of displayed information.
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The system should come into operation when there is any discharge of effluent
into the sea and must automatically stop any discharge when the rate of
discharge of oil exceeds 30 litres per mile.
Separating equipment must be capable of producing an effluent containing not

more than 15 ppm of oil irrespective of the oil content of the feed supplied to it.
Filtering equipment must be capable of reducing the oil content in the effluent to
not more than 15 ppm.
Oil content meters must be capable of measuring a range of oil an alarm must be
provided which will indicate when the oil content of the effluent exceeds 15ppm.
The figure of 15ppm is used to determine whether ballast is clean or not.
List the personal protective equipment (PPE) that an oow should wear
during the mooring operations? (5) Oct-05
Personal protective equipment can be classified as follows: (type – examples)
1. Head protection - Safety helmets, bump caps, hair protection

2. Hearing protection - Ear muffs, ear plugs
3. Face and eye protection - Goggles and spectacles, facial shield
4. Respiratory protective equipment - Dust masks, respirators, breathing
apparatus
5. Hand and foot protection - Gloves, safety boots and shoes
6. Body protection - Safety suits, safety belts, harnesses, aprons,
high visibility clothing
7. Protection against drowning - Lifejackets, buoyancy aids and lifebuoys
8. Protection against hypothermia - Immersion suits and anti-exposure
suits
Describe the precautions and preparations to be taken by the oow

before, during and after bunkering operations (17) jun-05
Describe the precautions and preparations to be taken by the oow during

cargo operations, to prevent pollution for each of the following: taking
bunkers on passenger vessel (7 marks)
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Bunkering precautions/procedures :
- vessel securely moored.

- Seal up all deck‟s scuppers to prevent spillage over side.
- Establish a second means of access to the vessel incase of emergency.
- Display “B” flag or all round red light.
- Post additional “no smoking”, signs in deck areas.
- Oil spill equipment and fire fighting equipment in place and ready for use.
- Display emergency telephone numbers
- Communications established between ship and shore/bunker barge.
- Unused manifolds blanked off
- Bunker hoses inspected and checked for any visible signs of damage.
- Bunker lines and loading hoses regularly checked for leakage
- Drip trays placed underneath all hose couplings and connections.
- Hoses securely bolted
- All personnel involve in operation familiar with bunker system.
- Bunker tank air vents and flame screens checked.
- Soundings of all bunker tanks taken and calculations completed.
- Soundings of bunker tanks at regular intervals and loading rate calculated..
- Periodic communication with shore/bunker barge
- Monitor bilge alarms.
- Overboard to be checked regularly for any spillage.
- note down important timings (start time/finish time/barge
alongside/barge cast off)
- vessel draft / trim regularly checked.
- Bonding wire and fire wire rigged (for tanker only).
Completion :
1. Note down timings and quantity of bunker received.

2. Oil record book, deck and engine log book should be filled.
3. Check manifold valves are closed.
4. Check whether hose/loading arm has been properly blown or drained
5. Check if hose / load arm blanked or sealed before lifting oversides.
With reference to a vessel moored alongside having completed all cargo

operations: explain the initial emergency procedures the oow should
take in the event of discovering a fire (8) March-05, JULY-06
Fire in port (cargo operations or bunker operations):
1. Sound the fire alarm.

2. Tackle fire by conventional means immediately
3. Inform the Master and engine room.
4. Inform shore fire fighting authority and port authorities
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5. Stop cargo or bunker operations. Caste off bunker barge that is alongside.
6. Non essential persons to be sent ashore.
7. One man standby at the gangway with cargo plan, fire wallet,
international shore connection to act as a guide for shore fire party.
8. Muster all crew- head count. Fire party briefed.
9. Proceed to scene off fire and investigate.
10. Shut down all ventilation.
11. Start emergency fire p/p. Try to fight the fire by conventional means.
12. Maintain boundary cooling at all times.
13. After fire brigade comes-
 Hand over fire wallet.

 Co-ordinate closely and assist as required.
 Constant check on stability at all times.
If cargo space fire- close and batten down hatches. If accommodation fire
then isolate all electrical circuits.
State five pollution prevention measures itemised on a tanker’s ship

shore safety checklist? (5) March-05
(International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT) ship
shore check list 1 to 19)
1. Vessel securely moored.

2. Emergency towing wires correctly positioned.
3. Safe ship/shore access.
4. Ship ready to move under own power.
5. Effective deck watch in attendance on board and adequate
supervision on the terminal and on the ship.
6. Ship‟s/shore communication system
7. Emergency signal to used by ship and shore
8. Cargo, bunker and ballast handling procedures
9. Emergency shut-down procedure understood
10. Fire fighting equipment in place and ready for use. ======
11. Seal up all deck’s scuppers to prevent spillage over side.
12. Drip trays placed underneath all hose couplings and connections.
13. Cargo and bunker Hoses arms in good condition properly rigged.
14. Shore connections properly secured and supported.
15. Sea and overboard discharge valves when not in use, closed and
lashed.
16. All valves not in use closed and lashed
17. Cargo tank lids closed =====
18. Tanker venting system checked and properly set
19. Safe light available
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20. Appropriate personnel notified that cargo operations are about to

commence.
21. warning notice displayed, e.g. warning : No Naked lights, No
Smoking, No Unauthorized persons.
22. No unauthorized persons on board.
23. No unauthorized work to be carried out.
24. No unauthorized craft alongside
25. No Naked lights and no smoking unless in designated areas.
26. Galley precaution observed
27. Tanks inerted and inert gas system checked.
28. Al doors and ports to accommodation closed and any ventilators
suitably trimmed.
29. Air conditioning unit on internal air re-cycling.
30. All necessary spark arrestors in good condition and in place.
31. Portable radio transceivers which are used for communication to be
of an approved type.
32. Ship‟s main radio aerials earthed.
33. Appropriate flag and light signals to be shown.
State the liability resulting from an offence connected with discharge of

oil from cargo tanks or machinery space bilges under uk regulations (2)
Oct-05
A general cargo vessel is at anchor discharging into barges. Explain the

duties of the oow during the operation? (13) Jun-05
An oil tanker is alongside. Explain the duties of the oow before, during
and after loading operations? (15) Oct-05 March-06
With reference to a general cargo vessel which is alongside loading :

Explain other duties that the oow may execute during loading of the
cargo, in addition to garbage management?
SECURITY
1. Make rounds to inspect the ship at appropriate intervals

2. Maintain ISPS security watches as per as ISPS level.
3. Follow the ship security plan.
4. Visitor & gangway log to be maintained. All visitor‟s ID card to be checked.
5. All restricted areas and unattended spaces are locked in port. Lock
register and key control maintained.
6. Pay attention to the offshore side of the vessel where potential
stowaways may attempt to board.
7. Gangway attended by a reliable crew member or shore watchman.
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8. Check the safety/security/fire patrols are being carried out on a regular

basis.
9. Anti piracy watch - Number and position of ships security staff and any
shore security personnel employed.
10. Stores should be carefully checked against the invoices prior to acceptance.
Safety
1. Check the gangway and ensure it is secure and provides a safe access.
2. All persons on board and their location, especially those in remote or
enclosed spaces.
3. Ensure vessel complies with fire and safety regulations.
4. Ensure no work is being carried out without valid permit to work.
5. Take every precaution to prevent pollution. Sight around the vessel to
ensure that no pollution hazards exists.
6. The state of fire fighting equipment.
7. Any hazardous area must highlighted.
Moorings:
1. Check the moorings be aware of the tidal condition throughout the watch.
2. The state of the weather and sea and all forecasts.
3. Check the under keel clearance.
4. Check the moorings regularly to ensure that the vessel is properly secured
to the berth.
Cargo Operation
1. Be aware of the vessel draft and planned cargo/ballasting activities.

2. The level of water in bilge and ballast tanks
3. Any special port regulations.
4. The cargo handling equipment operated by trained and experienced
personnel.
5. Make the area of work is properly illuminated
6. The cargo handling gears should be inspected at regular intervals.
7. check that holds are clean, dry and ready to receive the cargo.
8. Visually check cargo. The cargo must be dry and apparent good condition.
9. The cargo is handled in a safe manner, and is not damaged.
10. The cargo is stowed properly in accordance with the cargo plan.
11. Any abnormal sound in the machinery space.
12. COSWOP to be used thoroughly.
13. Spend as much time as possible actually on deck.
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Outline the methods contained within the code of safe working practices
for Merchant seaman (COSWP) to ensure safe movement (7) june-05
The following methods are contained with in the COSWP to ensure safe
movement onboard a vessel.
1. General Advice
2. Drainage
3. Transit Areas
4. Lighting
5. Guarding of Openings
6. Watertight doors
7. Ship-board Vehicles
MS (Safe Movement on Board Ship) Regs SI 1988 No. 1641

chapter 6 of Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seaman
1. All deck surfaces are to be kept free from materials or substances likely
to result in a fall or slip.
2. Adequate lighting
3. Safety sign to be displaced on board ship
4. Deck surface free from any obstruction
5. Equipment used is of good construction, sound material, free from defects
and properly maintained.
6. Suitable hand-holds should be provided at the top and at any
intermediate landing place of all fixed ladders.
7. opening (including hatchway) must be protected with secure guards or
fencing.
8. Any powered vehicle or mobile lifting appliance must be operated by a
competent and authorized person and properly maintained.
Explain the difference between an angle of list and an angle of loll (5)
March-05
 A angle of list is caused by uneven distribution of weight..

 In port this may be corrected by distribution of cargo or ballast operation.
 At sea this is done by the transferring of bunkers or ballast or ballasting to the
high side, or ballasting the low side.

 An angle of loll is caused by the ship having a negative GM (i.e when G is
above M); the ship then heels until the GM becomes zero (because of the
increased water plane area as the ship heels) and will roll about that point.
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Describe a safe procedure for correcting an angle of loll (3) Mar-05
The COG of the ship must be lowered to restore positive GM by:

 Adding weights at the lower tanks by way of ballasting/transfer of fuel etc
 Lowering weights that are already in the higher side
 jettisoning of cargo (in an emergency)
 in the event of ice accretion remove ice from the high side first.

once positive stability has been achieved the angle of heel (which is now an
angle of list and not loll) can be corrected by adding weight to the high side
taking care to maintain the positive GM.
(If you move weights to, or fill tanks on the high side, the ship may rollover from
one side to the other side and the ship might capsize due to the violent
movement of rollover).
Outline the type of information contained in EACH of the three categories

of Marine Notices currently in use. (3+3+3) July-06
M- Notices: Merchant ship notices which are published by the MCA and
recommendations contained in it should be complied with. It is a method by
which the MCA promulgates information, which is quickly brought to the
attention of seafarers, management and those associated with the industry.
They are divided into three categories : MGN,MSN,MIN
Each notice will be affixed as follows: (M): for merchant ships
(F): for fishing vessels
(M+F): for merchant ships and fishing vessels
MARINE GUIDANCE NOTES (MGNs): (blue in colour)
- will provide
1. Advice
2. Guidance to relevant parties
- in order to improve
1. safety of shipping
2. safety of life at sea
3. prevent or minimize pollution
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 numbered in sequence from MGN 1
 The examples are navigation in Dover Strait, Navigation in Fog,

Standards of Training and Certification, Marpol, etc.
MERCHANT SHIPPING NOTICES (MSNs): (white coloured) (3 marks)
 mandatory info which must be complied with under UK legislation.
 relate to SI‟s and contain technical detail of such regulations
 numbered in sequence continuing the present numbers but using the initial
letters MSN.
 The examples of MSNs are COSWP, LSA regs, SOLAS.
MARINE INFORMATION NOTICES (MINs): (green coloured)
 Info for a more limited audience e.g. info on training establishments
 Or equipment manufacturers
 Or which will be of use for a short period of time
 numbered in sequence from MIN 1
 cancellation date typically 12 months
 Examples are list of Training establishments, Equipment manufacturers,

Time table for
 Salt Water MSN White

 Great Britain MGN Blue
 Inert Gas MIN Green
Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen (COSWP)
This code provides a sound basis upon which the concerned can establish
And maintain safe working conditions on board ships at sea and in port and
Designed to reduce the number of accidents.
Published for the maritime and coastguard agency under license from the
controller of her majesties stationery office.
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The code is in four sections:
(1) Safety Responsiblities / Shipboard Management: Deals with the

regulatory background to the advice and general principles of health
and safety
(2) Personal Health And Safety: Gives General Advice for Seafarers
(3) Work activities: Covers Specific Work Activities
(4) Specialist Ships :Deals with safety for specialist ship operations
Some Example of its content :
Statutory Instruments
What is SI?
This is an instrument of government prepared and published by HMSO
UK statutory instruments, commonly referred to as “SIs” –
 Consist mostly of Regulations and Orders, a relatively small number

being Rules or Schemes.
 are identified by their title (e.g. The Merchant Shipping (Prevention of Oil
Pollution) Regulations 1996), and the year and number of publication, e.g.
1996 No. 2154 . SIs also have an ISBN number.
 are printed, published and sold by The Stationery Office (TSO) under
the authority and superintendence of the Controller of Her Majesty‟s
Stationery Office
 are also published in downloadable form on the HMSO website. At

present only SIs published since 1 January 1987 are on the website.
Factors affecting the Free Surface effect :
1. Density : FSE varies with density.

2. Ship‟s Displacement : FSE varies inversely with displacement.
3. Tank dimensions: FSE varies directly with length of the tank.
4. Depth of Tank : FSE does not generally dependent upon liquid depth.
5. Position of Tank : FSE is not depend on tank location
Sketch a transverse labelled diagram illustrating a heeled vessel in

stable equilibrium ? (3) Jun-05
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With reference to a vessel moored alongside having completed all cargo

operations:
Produce a checklist to indicate the deck duties of the oow whilst waiting
for next sailing tide (12) March-05
Explain the reasons for load lines (5) Mar-05
1) Ensure that when the appropriate loadline mark is not submerged at sea in
SW (RD 1.025) the ship will always have necessary reserve buoyancy to
ensure seaworthiness.
2) To find the mean draft / freeboard when vessel is listed.
3) To determine by how much the appropriate loadline can be submerged
when floating in fresh water.
4) To determine whether vessel is hogged or sagged.
5) Gives a clear indication as to whether the vessel is overloaded. (Avoid
overloading the vessel)
6) Procedure prior to loading :
1. All pump, lines, instrument, high level alarm and other cargo equipment
should be checked and tested as required, prior to arrival port.
2. Prepare loading plan
3. Complete ship/shore safety check list.
4. stability of the ship to be calculated and checked.
5. The tank must be inerted, O2 content less than 8percent and positive
pressure.
6. PV valve and mast riser must be set as required.
Procedure prior to loading :
1. inert gas plant must be closed down.

2. load initially at slow rate, if possible by gravity.
3. check cargo flowing into right tank and no leakage.
4. manifold pressure and temp are satisfactory.
5. IG delivery or venting satisfactory.
6. Slowly increase the loading rate to max agreed.
7. De ballasting operations are carried out concurrently.
8. monitor tank ullage temperature at regular interval.
9. continuously monitor line pressure IG pressure and manifold pressure.
10. calculate final tank ullage to ensure trim, list and draft as required
sheering force and bending moments are within in acceptable limits.
On completion :
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1. on completion of the final tank and line draining the shore control valve
must be closed before the ship valves.
2. check all the ullages and temps with shore representative and calculate the
ship fig of cargo loaded.
3. ship must be battened down for sea, (i.e. ullage ports, venting system, IG
system, pipe line system, pump room etc.
4. PV valve should be set.
Define garbage :
Garbage means all kinds of victual, domestic and operational waste excluding
fresh fish and parts thereof, generated during the normal operation of he ship
and liable to disposed of continuously or periodically except those substance
which are defined or listed in other annex to the present convention.
1. store dangerous substances in a dedicated stores only.

2. keep safety data sheets of substances available near the substance.
3. read the lable before you start working.
4. be aware that substances may be absorbed through breathing, swelling
and skin contact.
5. wear suitable PPE.
6. keep an eye shower close by.
7. do not smoke, drink, or eat when working
8. keep only one day stock in the work place
9. label partial stock and remainders
10. Dump remainders of dangerous substances in accordance with garbage
instructions.
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Made by : MUGIL VASANTH, TAMIL NADU (INDIA)

Explain the procedures and precautions to be observed before entering

Explain the precautions and procedures that must be taken when

The following precautions should be taken before entering an enclosed space.

1. A competent person should make an assessment

The following procedure should be taken before entering an enclosed space

List the equipment that should be available at the entrance of an

Entries in ORB- Part I - Machinery space Operation- All Ship:

 Ballasting or cleaning of fuel oil tanks

Entries in ORB- Part II- Cargo/Ballast Operation-Tankers:

 Loading of oil cargo

Tankers engaged in specific trades

 Loading of ballast water

 The tanker has in operation as required by the regulation 15 of annex 1 i.e

What do you understand by the term special area?

a) when garbage is discharged into the sea :

b) when garbage is discharged to reception facilities ashore or to

c) when garbage is incinerated :

d) Accidental or other exceptional discharge of garbage :

Describe the precautions and preparations to be taken by the oow during

With reference to a general cargo vessel which is alongside loading;

- Principle of collection, processing, storage and disposal to be observed.

- Ensure garbage is not tipped/dumped anywhere else ashore.

Describe the precautions and equipment required when using a gangway

ships of 30 meters or more in length are required to carry a gangway

(Accommodation Ladders, Gangways, bulwark ladders, portable and rope

1. Angle of slope no more than 30 o (Gangway)

The following equipments are required for gangway:

Describe the precautions and equipment required when using a pilot

1. Each Pilot ladder, accommodation ladder, hoist and associated

Outline the objectives and purpose of the international safety

objectives of ISM Code to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or

Safety-management objectives of the Company should, inter alia:

The safety-management system should ensure:

State the liability resulting from an offence connected with discharge of

Describe the preparations and precautions that should be taken to

1. Inform master, E/R, galley and Crew.

- FSE to be reduced in tank

Additional for general cargo ships:

Additional for tankers:

- Dip trays are clean of oil and are unplugged.

1. by introducing a watertight centerline bulkhead into the compartment.

Outline the functions of approved oil discharge monitoring and control

As required by Annex I, MARPOL 73/78. The system shall record continuously :

Separating equipment must be capable of producing an effluent containing not

Personal protective equipment can be classified as follows: (type – examples)

1. Head protection - Safety helmets, bump caps, hair protection

Describe the precautions and preparations to be taken by the oow

Describe the precautions and preparations to be taken by the oow during

- vessel securely moored.

1. Note down timings and quantity of bunker received.

With reference to a vessel moored alongside having completed all cargo

Fire in port (cargo operations or bunker operations):

1. Sound the fire alarm.

 Hand over fire wallet.

State five pollution prevention measures itemised on a tanker’s ship

1. Vessel securely moored.

20. Appropriate personnel notified that cargo operations are about to

State the liability resulting from an offence connected with discharge of

A general cargo vessel is at anchor discharging into barges. Explain the

With reference to a general cargo vessel which is alongside loading :

1. Make rounds to inspect the ship at appropriate intervals

8. Check the safety/security/fire patrols are being carried out on a regular