Saturday, March 5, 2022

Outliers & Box plots

 Representation of Data
Outliers
An outlier is an extreme value that lies outside the overall pattern of data.

An outlier is any value that is;

Bigger than; Upper Quartile + (1.5 x Inter-quartile Range)

 Q3 + 1.5(IQR)

Smaller than; Lower Quartile – (1.5 x Inter-quartile Range)  Q1 – 1.5(IQR)

So basically, work out ‘1.5 x IQR’. Then add it to the upper quartile, subtract it
from the lower quartile and you have the acceptable range of values.

The rules above are standard but you may be given a different rule to apply in the
exam.

4B
 Representation of Data
Outliers
For the Stem and Leaf diagram below, calculate the quartiles and find any
outliers.

Q2  n 30 15 (15.5th term)
2 2
3.8
Stem Leaf Key: 3 | 1 means 3.1

2 2 2 3 3 5 7
Q1  n 30 7.5 (8th term)
3 1 2 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 4 4
3.2
4 0 0 0 0 4 5 6 7 8
5 1 5
Q3  3n 30 22.5 (23rd term)
4 4
30 Numbers 4.0

Q3 – Q1  4.0 – 3.2 = 0.8

4B
 Representation of Data
Outliers
For the Stem and Leaf diagram below, calculate the quartiles and find any
outliers.
Q1 = 3.2 Q2 = 3.8 Q3 = 4.0 IQR = 0.8

Stem Leaf Key: 3 | 1 means 3.1 Lowest Highest

acceptable acceptable
2 2 2 3 3 5 7 value value
3 1 2 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9
Q1 – 1.5(IQR) Q3 + 1.5(IQR)
4 0 0 0 0 4 5 6 7 8
5 1 5 3.2 – 1.5(0.8) 4 + 1.5(0.8)

2  5.2
30 Numbers

So 5.5 is the only outlier.

4B
Edexcel S1 page 58 Ex 4B