UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF AIT - CSE

Bachelor of Engineering (CSE)
Advanced Probability and Statistics (CST-283)
By: Dr. Anil Sharma (E12015)

Lecture -1.1
Random Variable
DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
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Chapter Course Objectives

This course helps students to understand, Identify and apply basic and advance concepts
1. of probability, Regression, Correlation and discrete and continuous probability
distributions.

Chapter Course Outcomes

Student will be able to

Apply the basic probability axioms and the moments of discrete and continuous random variables as
well as be familiar with common named discrete and continuous random variables
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Contents
• Random Variable
• Definitions
• Probability Distribution
• Examples

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 Random Variable

A random variable is a function that assigns a real number to each

sample point in the sample space of a random experiment.

Symbolic: if X is random variable and S is sample space, then

X : S  R.
A random variable is denoted by an upper case letter X , the
corresponding letter is x used to denote a possible value of
X.

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In other words, Random variable

A numerical value to each outcome of a particular experiment

 Example
• In the experiment of tossing two coins
• Sample space ={HH, TH, HT, TT}
• Consider a random variable X which assign’s to each element of S. The
number of heads in that element. i.e.,
• The range of X={0, 1, 2}

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Probability Distribution:

• The probability distribution f(x) or p(x) of a random variable X is a

description of the set of possible value of X along with the probability
associated with each of the possible value x
• For example, Let X=No. of heads in the previous example
• Probability distribution is given by

X x 0 1 2
f x  p X  x 14 24 14
 Exercise

1. A student is to match three historical events (Mahatma Gandhi's

Birthday, India's freedom, and First World War) with three years
(I947, 1914, 1896). If he guesses with no knowledge of the correct
answers, what is the probability distribution of the number of
answers he gets correctly?
2. From a lot of 10 items containing 3 defectives, a sample of 4 items
is drawn at random. Let the random variable X denote the number
of defective items in the sample. Find the probability distribution of
X.

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 References
Online Video Link-
• https://nptel.ac.in/courses/111/105/111105090/
• https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL6C92B335BD4238AB

Textbooks / Reference Books

• Text Books
T1: Advanced Engineering Mathematics by R.K. Jain and S. R. K. Iyengar, Narosa Publications.
T2: Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists by Sheldon M. Ross, Academic Press.
• Reference Books
R1: Fundamental of mathematical Statistics by SC Gupta and VK Kapoor, S. Chand Publication.
R2: Probability by Lipschitz, Schaum outline series, Mc.Graw hill Publication.

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THANK YOU

For queries
Email: anil.e12015@cumail.in

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