GRACE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

PADANDHAALUMOODU
CONTEMPORARY INDIA AND
EDUCATION
SEMINAR
PPESENTED BY,
AATLIN JENI J
. ROLL NO -001
DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
 SOCIAL DIVERSITY

• DIVERSITY MEANS DIFFERENCES..

• A SUCCESSFUL COMMUNITY OR NATURE
OF SOCIETY WITH VAST DIFFERENT IS
KNOWN AS SOCIAL DIVERSITY..
FACTORS OF SOCIAL DIVERSITY
• SOCIAL RACES

• LANGUAGE

• LIFE STYLE

• RELIGION

• GENDER

• SEX

• AGE

• CASTE

• REGION

• BACKGROUND

• BELIEFS

• AND SO ON……
 LEVEL OF SOCIAL DIVERSITY

• IN INDIA WE HAVE VARIETY OF RACES, RELIGIONS, LANGUAGES,CASTES AND CULTURE

FOR THE SAME REASON INDIA IS KNOWN AS SOCIO-CULTURAL DIVERSITY….

• THE COMMON LEVEL OF DIVERSITIES ARE FOLLOWING,

1. INDIVIDUAL DIVERSITY
2. REGIONAL DIVERSITY
3. LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY
4. RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY
5. CASTE DIVERSITY
6.TRIBAL DIVERSITY
 INDIVIDUAL DIVERSITY
MEANING:
* OUR SENSE OF SELF IS SHAPED BY OUR
INHERITED CHARACTERISTICS IN OUR SOCIAL
ENVIRONMENT IS CALLED AS INDIVIDUAL DIVERSITY…
NATURE:
* PEOPLE ARE DIFFERENT FROM EACH OTHER
BY THE CHARACTER, BEHAVIOR, EMOTIONAL,
CREATIVITY AND SO ON….
* INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES OCCUR DUE TO
INTERACTION OF GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL
FACTORS…
 CAUSES OF INDIVIDUALISM
1. HERIDITY:
. BIOLOGICAL INHERITANCE IS DETERMINED BY
THE CHROMOSOMES AND GENES…

2. ENVIRONMENT:
SOCIETY, FAMILY ENVIRONMENT,
INTERACTION AMONGST THE FAMILY MEMBERS AND
PEERS , SCHOOL AND COLLEGE ENVIRONMENT CAUSE
VARIETY CONDITIONS OF DETERMINE INDIVIDUAL
DIFFERENCE

3. SELF:
IT BASED ON INTERACTION PATTERN,
PERSONALITY, AND EMOTIONAL RESPONSES OF THE
INDIVIDUAL
 REGIONAL DIVERSITY
MEANING:
* THE FEELING RELATED TO THE PEOPLE BELONGING
TO THE PARTICULAR REGION IN SOCIETY IS KNOWN AS
REGIONAL DIVERSITY…

NATURE:
* INDIA POLITICAL TERRITORIAL DIVISION CONSISTS
OF 29 STATES AND 7 UNION TERRITORIES.. THIS DIVISION IS
ACCOMPANIED BY SIGNIFICANT REGIONAL DIVERSITY WHICH
IS DISTINCT AND VISIBLE AS ONE MOVES FROM STATE TO
STATE... DIVERSITY EXISTS IN LANGUAGE, FOOD, DRESS AND
CUSTOMS. EVERY STATE HAS ITS OWN DISTINCTIVE
CULTURAL IDENTITY WITHIN THE COMMON INDIAN
CULTURE.
* THE NORTH INDIAN STATES ARE MARKEDLY DIFFERENT
FROM THE SOUTH INDIAN STATES IN ALL THESE AREAS.
 CAUSES OF REGIONALISM
1. GEOGRAPHICAL CAUSES:
. THE VAST DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FOOD HABITS, LANGUAGE,
CULTURE,CUSTOMS, DRESS, LIFESTYLE OF PEOPLE BELONGING TO
DIFFERENT STATES
2.HISTORICAL CAUSES:
THE WE-FEELING WAS SHATTERED DUE TO SOME HISTORICAL
CAUSES. MANY STATES IN INDIA HAD SERIOUS CONFLICTS IN THE PAST
WITH EACH OTHER. THESE CONFLICTS HAD CREATED BITTERNESS
AMONG THEM..
3.POLITICAL CAUSED:
IN DIFFERENT REGIONS SOME PEOPLE HAVE DEMANDED FOR THE
FORMATION OF REGIONAL GOVERNMENT FOR TREND OF THINKING
AND AIM OF GAINING POWER
4.PSYCHOLOGICAL CAUSES:
IT IS WISH OF THE MOST OF THE PEOPLE THAT THE PROGRESS
AND THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THEIR REGION SHOULD BE THE
MAXIMUM
5.SOCIAL CAUSES:
MARRIAGE ARE PREFERRED WITH THE PERSON OF THE SAME
REGION BACKGROUND
 LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY
MEANING:
* DIVERSITY IN LANGUAGE IS CALLED LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY… THE WEST
BENGAL PROPLE SPEAKS BENGALI..
GUJARAT PEOPLE SPEAKS GUJARATI… TAMILNADU PEOPLE SPEAKS ETC… THIS I LA
LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY…
NATURE:
*INDIA IS A NATION OF VAST LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY.
*THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA NOW RECOGNIZES 23 LANGUAGES, SPOKEN IN
DIFFERENT PARTS THE COUNTRY.
THESE CONSIST OF ENGLISH PLUS 22 INDIAN LANGUAGES: ASSAMESE, BENGALI,
BODO, DOGRI, GUJARATI, HINDI, KANNADA,
KASHMIRI, KONKANI, MAITHILI, MALAYALAM, MEITEI, MARATHI, NEPALI,
ORIYA, PUNJABI, SANSKRIT, SANTALI, SINDHI, TAMIL, TELUGU LANGUAGE .
* HINDI IS THE THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE ..
* ENGLISH AS A PROVISIONAL OFFICIAL LANGUAGE,..
* THE REGIONAL LANGUAGE AS THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF THAT STATE….
* CLASSICAL LANGUAGES : SANSKRIT AND TAMIL….
 CAUSES OF LINGUISM
1.PSYCHOLOGICAL CAUSES:

PEOPLE OF A PARTICULAR REGION ARE ATTACHED TO THE REGIONAL LANGUAGE WHICH IS

THEIR MOTHER TONGUE. HENCE THEY DO NOT EASILY ACCEPT TO LEARN ANOTHER INDIAN
LANGUAGE
2.GEOGRAPHICAL CAUSES:
EVERY LANGUAGE HAS ITS OWN LITERATURE. THIS LITERATURE IS INFLUENCED
EVERYWHERE BY LOCAL GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS.IT REFLECTS THE LIFE OF THE PEOPLE
WHO SPEAK THE LANGUAGE. HENCE AN INDIVIDUAL DOES NOT WILLINGLY ACCEPT IT IF THE
LANGUAGE OF ANOTHER REGION IS FORCED ON HIM.
3.ECONOMIC CAUSES :
SOME LANGUAGES ARE FINANCIALLY ASSISTED BY THE GOVERNMENT FOR THEIR PROGRESS
BUT PEOPLE SPEAKING OTHER LANGUAGES OBJECT TO THITHIS
4.POLITICAL CAUSES:
DURING ELECTIONS IN ORDER TO WIN VOTES MANY COMMUNAL POLITICAL PARTIES RAISE THE
LANGUAGE ISSUE TO INSTIGATE THEIR PEOPLE AND WIN THEIR VOTES
5.SOCIAL CAUSES :
THE LANGUAGE THAT IS ADOPTED BY THE SOCIETY IS RESPECTED. ON THE CONTRARY THE
LANGUAGES THAT CATERS TO CONTRADICTORY PRESUMPTIONS ARE OBJECTED, THIS LEADS TO
LINGUISM.
 RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY
• MEANING:
* IT IS THE FACT THAT ARE IN SIGNIFICANT
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
AND PRACTICES.
NATURE:
* DIFFERENT RELIGIOUS ARE FOLLOWED BY
THE INDIAN PEOPLE FOR CENTURIES. THE
MAJOR ONES ARE
HINDUS, MUSLIMS,
CHRISTIANS,SIKHS,JAINS, BUDDHISTS AND
OTHERS..
 CAUSES OF COMMUNALISM
• 1. HISTORICAL CAUSES:
BRITISHHH IMPERIALISM USED IT AS A DIVIDE AND RULE POLICY.
2. POLITICAL CAUSES:
VESTEDD POLITICAL INTERESTS AFTER INDEPENDENCE USED
VARIOUS MEANS TO OBTAIN POWER THROUGH COMMUNAL FORCES.
3. ECONOMIC CAUSE
IT IS EASY WAY TO MOBILIZE PEOPLE ON CASTE, COMMUNAL AND
REGIONAL BASIS TO DEMAND BETTER SHARE.
4. SELFISH VESTED INTERESTS:
POLITICALLL PARTIES AND GOVERNMENT, „HAVING FAILED TO
FULFILL THE EXPECTATIONS OF PEOPLE, THEY USE THIS RELIGION &
TRADITION AS DIVERTING TACTICS
5. UNEMPLOYED YOUTH:
UNEMPLOYED OR UNDER EMPLOYED YOUTH, YOUTH IN INDIA TODAY HAS
FALLEN PREY TO COMMUNAL LEADERSHIP
 CASTE DIVERSITY
• INDIA IS A COUNTRY OF CASTES. CASTE OR JATI REFERS TO A
HEREDITARY, ENDOGAMOUS STATUS GROUP PRACTICING A SPECIFIC
TRADITIONAL OCCUPATION. IT IS SURPRISING TO KNOW THAT THERE
ARE MORE THAN 3,000 JATIS IN INDIA.

• THESE ARE HIERARCHICALLY GRADED IN DIFFERENT WAYS IN

DIFFERENT REGIONS.

• IT MAY ALSO BE NOTED THAT THE PRACTICE OF CASTE SYSTEM IS NOT

CONFINED TO HINDUS ALONE. WE FIND CASTES AMONG THE MUSLIMS,
CHRISTIANS, SIKHS AS WELL AS OTHER COMMUNITIES. WE HAVE HEARD
OF THE HIERARCHY OF SHAIKH, SAIYED, MUGHAL, PATHAN AMONG THE
MUSLIMS, FURTHERMORE, THERE ARE CASTES LIKE TELI (OIL
PRESSURE). DHOBI (WASHERMAN), DARJEE (TAILOR) ETC. AMONG THE
MUSLIMS. SIMILARLY, CASTE CONSCIOUSNESS AMONG THE CHRISTIANS
IN INDIA IS NOT UNKNOWN. SINCE A VAST MAJORITY OF CHRISTIANS IN
INDIA WERE CONVERTED FROM HINDU FOLD, THE CONVERTS HAVE
CARRIED THE CASTE SYSTEM INFO CHRISTIANITY. AMONG THE SIKHS
AGAIN WE HAVE SO MANY CASTES INCLUDING JAT SIKH AND MAJAHABI
SIKH (LOWER CASTES). IN VIEW OF THIS WE CAN WELL IMAGINE THE
EXTENT OF CASTE DIVERSITY IN INDIA.

• IN ADDITION TO THE ABOVE DESCRIBED MAJOR FORMS OF DIVERSITY,

WE HAVE DIVERSITY OF MANY OTHER SORTS LIKE SETTLEMENT
 TRIBAL DIVERSITY
• THERE ARE TWENTY COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD WITH SUBSTANTIAL
TRIBAL POPULATION, INDIA HAS THE LARGEST TRIBAL POPULATION
IN THE WORLD..
• TRIBAL COMMUMITIES LIVE IN ABOUT 15% OF THE COUNTRY'S AREAS
IN VARIOUS ECOLOGICAL AND GEO-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS RANGING
FROM PLAINS TO FORESTS ,HILLS AND INACCESSIBLE AREAS ..
• THE MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS HAS SANCTIONED PROPOSAL OF
STATE GOVERNMENT AND NGO'S COVERING ABOUT 62 PRIMITIVE
TRIBAL GROUPS.. THE PROPOSALS COVERING MAINLY THE
ACTIVITIES RELATION TO FOOD, SECURITY , PROMOTION OF
PRIMARY EDUCATIONAND HEALTH CARE CENTRE TO THE PRIMITIVE
TRIBES WERE APPROVED..
• STATES WITH SIZEABLE TRIBAL POPULATION OF INDIA ARE ANDHRA
PRADESH, ASSAM, CHHATTISHGARH GUJARAT MADHYA PRADESH,
ODISHA AND RAJASTHAN.
 MERITS OF SOCIAL DIVERSITY
• IT MAY BE A PLEASING EXPERIENCE TO LIVE IN THE WORLD
WHICH COMPRISES A MIXTURE OF SEVERAL CULTURES.

• INHABITANTS CAN LEARN MUCH TOLERANCE ON OTHER

ETHNICITIES AS WELL AS CUSTOMS.

• LIVING IN MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY SETTING MAY OFFER AN

INDIVIDUAL THE OPPORTUNITY TO ENLARGE ONE'S COGNITIVE
THINKING...

• ONE CAN GAIN KNOWLEDGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES.

ULTIMATELY, THIS MAY RESULT IN ACCESS TO QUALITY JOB
OFFERS.

• MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY GIVES AN INDIVIDUAL AN UPPER HAND

OF UNDERSTANDING NEW CULTURES WHICH RAISE ONE'S
AWARENESS WITH REGARD TO THE WORLD'S ISSUES.

• EACH AND EVERY INDIVIDUAL DESIRE TO ACQUIRE A NEW

EXPERIENCE AS WELL AS BROAD KNOWLEDGE WHICH IS WELL
 DEMERITS OF SOCIETY DIVERSITY
• THERE HAVE BEEN SEVERAL ARGUMENTS AGAINST LIVING IN MULTICULTURAL
ENVIRONMENTS.

• ETHNIC DIVERSITY CAN ALSO BE VIEWED IN A MANNER IT AFFECTS SOCIAL TRUST

NEGATIVITY.

• THE PROPONENT OF SUCH ARGUMENTS SUPPORTS THE IDEOLOGY OF

DIFFERENTIALS, WHICH IS A BELIEF THAT THERE IS A NEED TO DIFFERENTIATE
DIFFERENT ETHNICITIES AND CULTURES IN A MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

• DIFFERENTIA LISTS ARE ON THE VIEW THAT DISSIMILAR ETHNIC GROUPS AND
CULTURES ARE UNABLE TO COEXIST.

• MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY BRINGS ABOUT CULTURAL DIFFERENCES WHICH MAY

DIVIDE SOCIETY.

• THERE WILL ALWAYS EXIST CULTURE FIGHT WHERE ONE CULTURAL GROUP HAVE
A FEELING THAT THEIR RELIGION AND CULTURE IS SUPERIOR AS COMPARED TO
THE OTHER GROUPS'. AS A RESULTANT EFFECT, ETHNIC WITH MINORITIES MAY
SUFFER RACIAL DISADVANTAGE ON A MULTI-ETHNIC SETTING.
 EDUCATION ROLE IN SOCIAL
DIVERSITY
• PROPAGATING NATIONAL HISTORY
• PURPOSIVE TEACHING OF HISTORY
• CREATING INTEREST FOR LANGUAGE STUDY
• CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES – COMPETITION,GAMES,
DRAMAS PROMOTING RESPECT FOR INDIAN LANGUAGE
• IN GENERAL ASSEMBLY PRAYER’S OF ALL RELIGIOUS
• CELEBRATION OF FESTIVAL OF ALL RELIGIOUS WITH
EQUAL FERVOR..
• TRIBUTE OF VARIOUS RELIGIOUS LEADERS ON IMPORTANT
DAYS
 CONCLUSION

• INDIA PRESENTS ENDLESS VARIETIES OF PHYSICAL FEATURES AND

CULTURAL PATTERNS. IT IS THE LAND OF MANY LANGUAGES IT IS ONLY IN
INDIA PEOPLE PROFESSES ALL THE MAJOR RELIGIONS OF THE WORLD. IN
SHORT, INDIA IS "THE EPITOME OF THE WORLD".

• THE VAST POPULATION IS COMPOSED OF PEOPLE HAVING DIVERSE CREEDS,

CUSTOMS AND COLOURS. BUT NOW THE INDIA IS FACING MORE
DISCRIMINATION THAN OTHER COUNTRIES WE SHOULD STOP IT AND SPREAD
THE WORDS NO DISCRIMINATION HOPE IT HELPS
 REFERENCES

• CONTEMPORARY INDIA AND EDUCATION -DR. (MRS.) DOREEN

GNANAM ..
• CONTEMPORARY INDIA AND EDUCATION –PROF. K.NAGARAJAN
• HTTPS://QA.OLYMPIC.EDU