TIDAL POWER

Tidal power converts the energy from the natural

rise and fall of the tides into electricity.
• Tidal energy is one of the oldest forms of energy generation. It is a 
renewable form of energy that converts the natural rise and fall of the
tides into electricity

• Tides are caused by the combined effects of gravitational forces exerted by

the Moon, the Sun, and the rotation of the Earth

• Tidal energy presents an evolving technology with tremendous potential

• However, it can only be installed along coastlines. Coastlines often

experience two high tides and two low tides on a daily basis. The
difference in water levels must be at least 5 meters high to produce 
electricity
• Tidal electricity can be created from several technologies, the main ones
being tidal barrages, tidal fences and tidal turbines

• Tidal barrages are the most efficient tidal energy sources. A tidal barrage is
a dam that utilizes the potential energy generated by the change in height
between high and low tides. This  energy  turns a turbine or compresses
air, which generates  electricity.

• Tidal fences are turbines that operate like giant turnstiles

• Tidal turbines are similar to wind turbines only under water. In both

cases, electricity is generated when the mechanical  energy  of tidal currents
turns turbines connected to a generator. Ocean currents generate relatively
more  energy  than air currents because ocean water is 832 times more
dense than air and therefore applies greater force on the turbines.
TIDAL CHARACTERISTICS

• Revolution of the moon around the earth increases the time interval
between two successive high tides from 12hours to about 12hour and
25minutes.

• As the moon revolution takes about 28 days, three bodies, i.e., the sun, the
moon and the earth are in alignment every two weeks at new and full
moon.

• During these periods the sun and the moon act in the combination to
produce tides of maximum range
• SUN and the MOON acting in combination to create spring tides
• SUN and the MOON are at right angles to each other, causing neap tides
• Spring tide is particularly great when the moon is New and Full at which
time it is at the closest point of its orbit to the earth

• The revolution of the earth and the moon together around the sun gives
rise to further variation, and due to this effect the highest springtide occurs
at the equinoxes in March and September
 TIDAL RANGE

• One tidal day is 24hours and 50mins

TIDAL ENERGY ESTIMATION
TYPES OF TIDAL POWER PLANT

• Single – basin single – effect plant

• Single – basin double – effect plant

• Double basin with linked – basin operation

• Double basin with paired – basin operation

SINGLE – BASIN SINGLE EFFECT PLANT
SINGLE – BASIN DOUBLE - EFFECT PLANT
DOUBLE – BASIN WITH LINKED – BASIN OPERATION
DOUBLE – BASIN WITH PAIRED – BASIN OPERATION
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF TIDAL POWER

ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
WAVE ENERGY

• Movement of ocean water in terms of waves, which becomes huge in

height as one goes father from the coast

• Movement of large quantities of water up and down can in principle be

harnessed to convert into usable form of energy such as electrical and
mechanical power

• Waves are formed on the surface of water by frictional action of winds

FACTORS AFFECTING WAVE ENERGY

• Three major factors which govern the quantum of wave energy

• Wind speed
• Higher the wind speed, higher the wave energy, amplitude of
the wave depends on wind speed
• During gusts and storms big ocean wave occurs, which proves
dangerous to ships
• Effective fetch value
• Uninterrupted distance on the ocean
• Larger the distance higher the energy
• Distance may vary from 5km to 45km
• Depth of the sea water
• Greater the depth of ocean water, the higher wave velocity
OCEAN WAVE PARAMETERS

• The periodic up and down, to and fro motion of water inn sea and oceans
is known as ocean wave

• H = wave height
• It is the distance from the trough to the crest
• Value varies from 0.2m to 3m
WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION MACHINES

• Buoy type machine

• Dolphin type wave energy generator

• Oscillating ducks
BUOY TYPE MACHINE
DOLPHIN TYPE WAVE ENERGY GENERATOR
OSCILLATING DUCKS