Elasto-Visco-Plasticity

6.5 Viscoelastic Component Integration Procedure

In similarity to the plastic component, inequality 6.13 is equivalent to
6.52
By observing that condition 6.52 is satisfied for quadratic forms Reese & Govindjee [1998] have proposed the evolution law
: 6.53
With 6.54
While and are the deviatoric and volumetric viscosities which may be deformation dependent
; 6.55
By utilizing the relation and the definition of the Lie derivative
: 6.56
Eq. 6.53 can be expressed in the reference configuration as
6.57
6.5.1 Stress Reduction Procedure
The procedure that is utilized for determination of the state of stress of the viscoelastic component is presented in the following.
 Elasto-Visco-Plasticity
6.5.1.1 Trial Elastic State
If it is temporarily assumed that during the motion in the time interval no further viscous deformation takes place, i.e. if it is
temporarily set
6.58
then, an approximate elastic deformation gradient can be computed as
6.59
he corresponding elastic left Cauchy-Green tensor is therefore
6.60

6.5.1.2 Flow Rule Discretization

The evolution problem defined by Eq. 6.57 can be solved in the time interval to give a first order accurate estimate for
6.61
On the basis of Eq. 6.59 and Eq.6.61, the elastic left Cauchy-Green tensor is
 Elasto-Visco-Plasticity
6.62

Multiplying both sides by

6.63
In similarity to Section 6.4.1.2, a significant reduction in the number of unknowns can be achieved be resorting to a formulation
in principal stress space. It holds

6.64

in which with the principal component of the stress tensor σe and the corresponding principal directions.
 Elasto-Visco-Plasticity
In addition can also be expressed as
6.65
in which , are the elastic principal stretches.
Substituting Eq. 6.64 and Eq. 6.65 into Eq. 6.63 it results
6.66
which can be simplified (Appendix 6.4) as
6.67
By means of spectral decomposition can be also expressed as
6.68
Comparing Eq. 6.67 and Eq. 6.68 it follows
6.69
 Elasto-Visco-Plasticity
Taking the logarithm of both sides of Eq. 6.69 and denoting the elastic principal logarithmic strains by ,Eq. 6.69 can be expressed
as
6.70
6.5.1.3 Return Mapping Procedure
On the basis of the above the following system of residual equations can be set up
6.71
each of which can be solved iteratively by means of Newton iterative scheme
6.72
in which 6.73
with initial values 6.74
Define 6.75
and the residual vector 6.76
 Elasto-Visco-Plasticity
As shown in Appendix 6.6, the Jacobian of the iterative scheme is
6.77
The above iterative scheme is repeated until a preset tolerance is attained.
6.6 Utilization
The contribution to the overall response of the individual components of a model consisting of one viscoelastic and one
elastoplastic component (without hardening) is shown in Fig. 6.6. The model is first subjected to a constant displacement rate
1.25*E-04 mm/sec. The characteristics of the components are:
 Elasto-Visco-Plasticity
The influence of strain rate on the response of the same model is shown in Fig. 6.7. The contribution of the slider can be easily
recognized from the figure. Upon unloading (when the plastic component is inactive) the response of the model is typical of that
of a linear comparison solid.