DIFFERENT KINDS OF JUSTICE

WHAT ARE THOSE?

DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE

• Refers to the extent to which society

institutions ensure that benefits and burden are
distributed among society’s members in ways
that are fair and just.
RETRIBUTIVE OR CORRECTIVE JUSTICE

- Refers to the extent to which punishment are fair

and just. In general, punishments are held to be
just to the extent that they take into account
relevant criteria such as the seriousness
• Of the crime and the intent of the criminal
and discount irrelevant criteria such as race.
COMPENSATORY JUSTICE

• Refers to the extent which people are fairly

compensated for their injuries by those who
have injured them; just compensation is
proportional to the loss inflicted on a person.
EGALITARIAN JUSTICE

Egalitarianism
• The term is derived from the French word “egal” meaning “equal” or “level” and
was first used in English in the 1880’s although the equivalent term “equalitarian”
dates from the late 18th century
• Is a trend of a thought in political philosophy. An egalitarian favors equality of
some sort ; People should get the same or be treated as equals in some respect. An
alternative view expands on this last mentioned option.
• In modern democratic societies, the term “egalitarian” is often used to refer to a
position that favors, for any of a wide array of reasons, a greater degree of equality
of income and wealth across persons than currently exists.
TYPES OF EGALITARIANISM
1. ECONOMIC EGALITARIANISM OR (MATERIAL EGALITARIANISM
- Is where the participants of a society are of equal standing and have equal access to all the economic
resources in terms of economic power, wealth and contribution . It is a founding principle of various
forms of socialism.

2. MORAL EGALITARIANISM
• Is that position that equality is central to justice, that all individuals are entitled to equal respect and
that all human persons are equal in fundamental worth or moral status.

3. LEGAL EGALITARIANISM
- Is the principal under which each individuals is subject to the same laws, with no individual or
group class having special legal privileges and where the testimony of all persons are counted with
the same weight.
4. POLITICAL EGALITARIANISM
- Is where the members of a society are of equal standing in terms of political power or
influence. It is a founding principle of most forms of democracy.

5. LUCK EGALITARIANISM
- Is a view about distributive justice ( what is just or right with respect to the allocation of
goods in a society) espoused by a variety of left-wing political philosophers, which seek to
distinguished between outcomes that are the result of brute luck.

6. GENDER EGALITARIANISM (OR ZYGARCHY)

- Is a form of a society in which power is equally shared between men and women or a
family structure where power is shared equally by both parents.
7. RACIAL EGALITARIANISM ( OR
RACIAL EQUALITY )
• Is the absence of racial segregation ( the separation of different racial groups in daily life, whether
mandated by law or through social norms).

8. OPPORTUNITY EGALITARIANISM ( OR ASSET- BASED EGALITARIANISM)

- Is the idea that equality is possible by a redistribution of resources, usually in a capital form of
grant provided at the age majority, an idea which has been around since Thomas Paine (1937-
1809).

9. CHRISTIAN EGALITARIANISM
- Holds that all people are equal before God and in Christ and specifically teaches gender equality
in Christian church leadership and in marriage.