AKDENIZ UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
ELECTRICAL-ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

CIRCUIT THEORY II
SINUSOIDS AND PHASORS (II)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suleyman BILGIN

Not: Bu ders materyali sadece Akdeniz Üniversitesi Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği Bölümü örgün
ve ikinci öğretim öğrencileri eğitimi için hazırlanmıştır. Bunun dışında, bu sununun kısmen ya da
tamamen kopyalanması, üzerinde değişiklik yapılması, bu unsurun çoğaltılması veya yayımlanması,
online ya da diğer bir iletişim aracı kullanılmak suretiyle dağıtılması, paylaşılması gönderilmesi,
kısmen ya da tamamen indirilerek satılması yasaktır.
Phasor Relationships for Circuit Elements
Phasor Relationships for Circuit Elements

The voltage and current

are out of phase 90º.
Specifically, the
current lags the voltage
by 90º.
Phasor Relationships for Circuit Elements

The voltage and current are out of phase 90º. Specifically, the current leads the voltage by
90º.
Phasor Relationships for Circuit Elements
Example 1:
The voltage v = 12 cos(60t + 45º) is applied to a 0.1-H inductor. Find the steady-state current
through the inductor.
Impedance and Admittance
The impedance Z of a circuit is the ratio of
the phasor voltage V to the phasor current I,
measured in ohms (Ω).
Impedance and Admittance
Impedance and Admittance
where R = Re(Z) is the resistance and X = Im(Z) is the reactance. The
reactance X may be positive or negative. We say that the impedance is
inductive when X is positive or capacitive when X is negative.

The admittance Y is the reciprocal of impedance,

measured in siemens (S).

Where G = Re(Y) is called the conductance and G = Im(Y) is called the susceptance.
Impedance and Admittance
Example 2:
Find v(t) and i(t) in the circuit shown in Fig.
Kirchhoff’s Laws in the Frequency Domain (KVL)
Kirchhoff’s Laws in the Frequency Domain (KCL)
Impedance Combinations (Series Impedances)
Voltage Division
Impedance Combinations (Parallel Impedances)
Current Division
Wye-to-Delta Transformation
Delta-to-Wye Transformation
Delta-to-Wye Transformation

A delta or wye circuit is said to be balanced if it has equal impedances in all three branches.
Example 3:
Find the input impedance of the circuit in Fig. Assume that the circuit operates at ω = 50 rad/s.
Example 4:
Determine v0(t) in the circuit of Fig.
Example 5:
Find current I in the circuit of Fig.
Example 6:
Design an RC circuit to provide a phase of 90° leading.
Practice 1:
Determine v0(t) in the circuit of Fig.
Practice 2:
Determine I in the circuit of Fig.
 REFERENCES
• Alexander, CK, Sadiku, MNO, ‘Fundamentals of Electric Circuits’, McGraw-Hill. 5th Ed.
Thank you for your interests…