ENERGY ANALYSIS

OF CLOSED SYSTEM
Thermodynamics_TeknikMesin_InstitutTeknologiKalimantan
• Examine the moving boundary work or P dV work commonly encountered in reciprocating devices such as
automotive engines and compressors.

• Identify the first law of thermodynamics as simply a statement of the conservation of energy principle for closed
(fixed mass) systems.

• Develop the general energy balance applied to closed systems.

• Define the specific heat at constant volume and the specific heat at constant pressure.

• Relate the specific heats to the calculation of the changes in internal energy and enthalpy of ideal gases.

• Describe incompressible substances and determine the changes in their internal energy and enthalpy.

• Solve energy balance problems for closed (fixed mass) systems that involve heat and work interactions for
general pure substances, ideal gases, and incompressible substances.

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 MOVING BOUNDARY WORK

 Moving Boundary Work = Expansion and Compression work (Piston-cylinder device)

 Moving Boundary Work = P dV work

Wb bernilai :
Source : Cengel,2019 (+) pada saat expansion
(-) pada saat compression

2021 Closed system Source : Cengel,2019 3

Source : Cengel,2019

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POLYTROPIC PROCESS

 Hubungan antara tekanan dan volume selama proses

ekspansi dan kompressi, dimana PV n = C ( n dan C =
konstan)
 Dimana n adalah sebuah konstanta (eksponen politropik)
yang mana nilainya bergantung pada jenis prosesnya

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 1. Isobar ( P = konstan), 2. Isochorik ( V = konstan),
maka Vn = C = 1, bila n = 0. maka P-1/n = V =C1, bila n = ∞.
maka n = 0 maka n = ∞

3. Isothermal ( T = konstan),
4. Isentropik
Pv = RT & PVn = C.
maka n = k = cp/cv
maka n = 1

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 Hubungan antara proses dengan kerja, energi dalam, kalor pada proses politropik

W b = 1 W2
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