The Design Process

MM101-Engineering Graphics & Design

Dr. Kabir Mamun
Week-2-L1
 Objective
 To understand the role that engineering
graphics plays in the world of engineering
 To understand the process of design
 Overview
 Embark on an adventure
 Egypt / Engineering
 The design process
 Six Steps
 Application
 Garage door problem
 A Trip into Egypt
 You need to learn the language
 You need to learn the culture
 How are things done?
 What is important?
 An exciting experience that opens up new
opportunities
 A new perspective
 A new way to communicate
 A Trip into Engineering
 You need to learn the language
 Engineering Graphics
 Definition: The use of drawings in the engineering design
process based on a system of well established rules and
conventions that clearly conveys information about an
object
 Imagine trying to describe a simple physical object that
you have never seen without being able to draw it
 Standard conventions (like vocabulary in language) allow
us to communicate more effectively and with clarity
 A Trip into Engineering
 You need to learn the culture
 How are things done?
 Consideration of how a part is to be manufactured is
essential in design
 What is important?
 Example: A radio button
 Finish: The part will be painted
 Color: The red color shows through when illuminated
 Cost: The company may make thousands each day
 Shape: The part must be aesthetically pleasing
 A Trip into Engineering
 An exciting experience that opens up new
opportunities
 A new perspective
 Able to better visualize an object
 The act of creating a drawing is often an iterative process as the
drawing reveals critical information
 A new way to communicate
 Allows for simple clear communication with other engineers and
technicians
 When added to other forms of communication gives richness and
strength to the presentation of an idea
 A Six Step Design Process
 Design
 Definition: The process of bringing together
engineering principles, material resources, and creativity
to produce a new solution to a well defined problem
 A non-linear process
 Concurrent engineering
 Many of the processes in design may be revisited
several times
 Engineers are just some of the players
 A Six Step Design Process
 Step One: Problem Identification
 What is the problem?
 Defining the problem is the most important step in the
design process
 Be creative even at this step (brainstorm)
 What part of the problem do we hope to solve?
 What is the design criteria?
 What limitations or conditions will restrict the design?
 Make a formal problem statement
 A Formal Problem Statement
 Problem Description
 A concise description capturing the main problem
 Requirements
 Conditions that must be satisfied
 Prioritize other items
 Limitations
 Determine constraints (cost, space, weight, environment, etc.)
 Additional information
 Has this problem been addressed in the past?
 Are there solutions to similar problems?
 A Six Step Design Process
 Step Two: Preliminary Ideas
 Brainstorm
 Wild ideas are encouraged
 Use your imagination (be creative)
 Make sketches
 Step Three: Preliminary design
 Select best of preliminary ideas
 Combine ideas
 Refine sketches
 Develop simple computer models
 Evaluate the merits of each design
 A Six Step Design Process
 Step Four: Refinement
 Look at the most promising ideas from the previous step
 Work out the details of each design
 More sophisticated computer modeling (design visualization)
 How will the proposed design interact with other systems?
 How will the parts be made?
 What materials will be used?
 Rapid prototyping
 Step Five: Analysis
 Apply engineering and scientific principles to evaluate the design
 Stress, fatigue, or wear analysis
 Thermal analysis, etc.
 A Six Step Design Process
 Step Six: Implementation
 Choose the best design based on results of the previous steps
(refinement and analysis)
 Documentation
 Design drawings (needed for patent application)
 Create working drawings (production drawings)
 Technical illustrations
 Build a prototype
 Do thorough testing
 Marketing
 Production planning
 A Six Step Design Process
 Application: i.e. The door lock problem
 Assignment: Write a “formal problem statement”
addressing all the elements discussed in class
 Begin discussions (brainstorming) about the problem and write
a concise description of the problem
 Come to lab & Tutorial prepared to continue this process
 Review your class notes