DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Ashokrao Mane Group Of Institutions,Vathar

Project
on

DEVELOPMENT OF ADJUSTABLE GROUND CLEARANCE IN VEHICLES USING PNEUMATIC LIFTING

Submitted by

1Vinay D. Patil
2 Suhas B. Kumbhar
3Shreyas D. Pore
4Mayur D Khot
Project Guide-: Prof.S.V Dafade

Page no.1
 DEVELOPMENT OF
ADJUSTABLE GROUND
CLEARANCE IN VEHICLES
USING PNEUMATIC
LIFTING
Page no.2
ABSTRACT
The handling of vehicle depends upon the various
parameters; centre of gravity of the vehicle is one of them.
For better handling of the vehicle we need to keep centre of
gravity as low as possible.
For different type of tracks, the ground clearance of vehicle
is designed accordingly.
Here the pneumatic lifting technique is used to provide the
higher ground clearance at the time of rough roads/breakers
and lower the same to get proper ground clearance to
maintain the stability at high speed on smooth roads.

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INTRODUCTION
Road conditions are not similar at all places; it changes
with application, environment and climate.
At certain condition road goes straight without any pits else
we found irregularity.
Hence it’s necessary to give some standard ground
clearance to the vehicle.
It is not possible for the off-road vehicle to run at high
speed on its standard ground clearance provided
considering the city obstacles and on-road cars to run over
the rough terrain with its lower ground clearance.

Page no.4
 To obtain the good performance at high speed and
low speed it is necessary to build one system which
can vary the ground clearance.
 This can achieve by changing the suspension height
so that the chassis height can be adjusted with respect
to the speed and the quality of roads.
We have designed a simple pneumatic linkage
mechanism for ground clearance adjustment. The
adjustment is possible with the help of an active and a
passive suspension which are linked together in series.
With the help of this system we can vary ground
clearance of the vehicle up to 200mm.

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OBJECTIVES
To further increasing the ground clearance by
using pneumatic cylinder.
To provide automation by Ultrasonic sensor to
detect the speed breakers and also rough
terrains with certain distance.

Page no.6
COMPONENTS

Pneumatic Cylinder Pneumatic Hose

Solenoid Valve Flow control valve

Page no.7
DESIGN AND CALCULATION

Original position Position after pneumatic lifting

Page no.8
Frame Size = 600 mm x 300 mm

Material= Mild Steel

Total Load = Weight of cylinder + Weight of Frame + Weight of

accessories

Weight of each cylinder = 0.6 kg

Weight of Frame = 5 kg

Weight of other accessories = 15 kg  

Total weight = (0.6 x 9.81) N + (4 x 9.81) N + (15 x 9.81) N

= 192.27 N
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Total weight = 193 N

1/4th of total weight = 193/4 = 48.25 N.

Considering accessories and frame design structure,

we will calculate the cylinder design for 70 N as a factor of safety.

The formula used by this calculator to determine the piston cylinder force from
pressure and diameter is:

r = D/2

A = π·r2 = π·(D/2)2

F = P·A

F = P·π· (D/2)2

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 π = Pi = 3.14159…

 r = Circle radius

 Ø = Circle diameter

 A = Circle area

Applied Pressure = 4 bar 

1) F = 70 N.

2) P = Consider pressure of 3 bar.

3) A = (D/2)2 = D2 / 4

Therefore,

D = 5.45 x 2 = 10.90

Hence, minimum of 11 mm dia cylinder should be selected.

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Stroke length should be selected such that it would lift wheel
for at least 60 to 80 mm.

So, considering length of cylinder arrangement and the wheel

lift length, we required the stroke of 75mm.

Selecting from standard catalogue,

We have to select the cylinder of 25mm dia and 75 mm stroke.

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 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

Design:
We have designed and calculated the weight for designing the
cylinder.
We have selected the proper pneumatic cylinders per the
requirement for this attachment.
For this attachment , we also need compressor, sheet metal, M.S.
square bar.
1.Modeling:


The 3-D view of the attachment is created on solid work software.

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1. Manufacturing :
 For completion of this attachment, we used the various machine like
lathe, drill machine, cutters, welding machine.
 Fabrication work, lathe operations, assembly, painting done.

1. Result:

 We hope that the effort and cost required for this system will be

reduced.

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Design Procedure
 Before we proceed to the process of manufacturing, it’s necessary to have

some knowledge about the project design essential to design the project
before starting the manufacturing.

 Maximum cost of producing a part of product is established originally by the

designer.

The product consists of:

1. FUNCTIONAL DESIGN.

2. PRODUCT DESIGN.

3. ENGINEERING DESIGN.

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Selection of Material
 Material Consideration:-

 Selection of proper material for machine components is one of most

important step in process of machine design.

 In this project the required material have good properties which not

give support to vibration and another problem.

 The following factor is considered while selecting the material,

A) Availability material.

B) Suitability of material for working conditions in service.

 The cost of material

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PRODUCTION

OF COMPRESSED AIR
Pneumatic systems operate on a supply of compressed air, which must be
made available. In sufficient quantity and at a pressure to suit the capacity
of the system.

 The key part of any facility for supply of compressed air is by means using

reciprocating compressor. A compressor is a machine that takes in air, gas

at a certain pressure and delivered the air at a high pressure.

 Compressor capacity is the actual quantity of air compressed and delivered

and the volume expressed is that of the air at intake conditions namely at
atmosphere pressure and normal ambient temperature.

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 Type of Cylinder

 Pneumatic Double Acting Cylinder

 The only difference between a single acting cylinder and a double acting

cylinder is that a double acting cylinder uses a 5/2 directional control valve
instead of a 3/2 directional control valve (Fig.). Usually, when a double acting
cylinder is not operated, outlet ‘B’ and inlet ‘P’ will be connected. In this circuit,
whenever the operation button is pushed manually, the double acting cylinder
will move back and forth once.

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 Fig. Circuit diagram of a double acting cylinder direct control circuit

 In order to control the speed in both directions, flow control valves are

connected to the inlets on both sides of the cylinder.

 The direction of the flow control valve is opposite to that of the release of air by

the flow control valve of the single acting cylinder.

 Compared to the throttle inlet, the flow control valve is tougher and more

stable.

 Connecting the circuit in this way allows the input of sufficient air pressure and

energy to drive the piston.

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3D DESIGN

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2D DESIGN

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WORKING
 The Ultrasonic sensors detect the obstacles (speed breakers, slopes
etc.) and sends signals to the ECU circuit.
 Pneumatic lift in a vehicle can be achieved by pneumatic cylinder
employing a reciprocating compressor and this can be done by
receiving the signal from ECU circuit.
 high pressurized gas then send to pneumatic cylinders to exert force
against the piston head inside it to have the piston movement to create
a linear motion outwards.
 By lowering the pressure of gas the piston movement can be reversed.
And with this mechanism ground clearance of the vehicle can be
increased or decreased.

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WORKING VIDEO

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
CONCLUSION
Pneumatics actuators can act efficiently.

 The air required for the operating of the actuators is easily available in

the nature.

 Cost of the project is not high compared with other systems as

compared with hydraulic.

 The benefit behind this project results in avoiding the obstacle which

can directly impact to chassis from below.

 Due to automatic adjustment, it is help for preventing the vehicle in

off-road conditions.
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THANK YOU

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