ALIENATION

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Pranavi Gokavaram
100320318003
 • Historical antecendent of Alienation
• Seeman's contribution to cross cultural alienation
• Scope of contemporary alienation
AN
• Factors, causes and effects of aliention
OVERVIEW
• Psychological Interventions
• Conclusion
• References
Alienation has a prominent place in the historty of both sociological and contempoary studies
of human relations. 
Sociological context
• A central theme in the works of Karl Marx, he propounded that alienation is the
transformation of people’s own labour into a power which rules them as if by a kind of
natural or supra-human law (Sarfaraz, H., 1997).
• It refers to the alienation of people from aspects of their "human nature."
Human relations context
• Alienation is the inability to achieve satisfaction in personal and social settings where
behavior is unacceptable/ insurgent with certain structural elments of society. (Lystad,
1972).
• This can lead to changes like alcoholism, mental illness & various pathologies. 
  Powerlessness

Meaninglessness

SEEMAN'S  Normlessness
MEANING OF
ALIENATION Isolation

 Self-estrangement

 Value isolation/ Cultural Estrangement

 Psychological alienation

Cultural Alienation
SCOP E OF
ALIENATION
Industrial/ Organisational/ Work Alienation

Health and Educational Alienation

Land Alienation
• Much research discovered that urbanization, modernization, rapid
growth and migration, lead to alienation in the form of social
disorganization, personal disintegration, loss of personality, ethnic
prejudices, reception and establishment of political information and
unrest, and development of various mental illness such as anxiety
and depression.

• Conclusive results in the above studies indicated that this was more

likely to occur in individualistic societies than collectivistic, but
contrastly also in cultural communities where there is high in
group coherence and homogenity, disallowing any semblace of
synchronization. 

• Hence, alienation occurs in the form of an abortive response; I.e, a

long term behavioral and psychological response to avoid some
anticipated loss of support, progressing and pervading into all walks
of life.
 PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS

• Counselling
• Group therapy
• Cognitive behavioral therapies
• Psychoanalysis
• Play therapy
• Building mental health support communities
 • An integrative approach, in which psychology is
seen as a “partner in development,” both with other
disciplines, and as practiced between psychologists
from industrialized and developing countries, is the
most meaningful path to forming socially and
mentally healthy nations and their respective cultures
(Sinha, J. B. P., 1970, 1980, 1984b, 1990).
CONCLUSION • Fighting alienation is a collective responsibility of
individuals in a society. People need to
be educated to learn one's rights and choices in the
society and be able to help the alienated to be
allowed to be adjusted to the changes in the
structures of the very society (Lystad, 1972).
• Above all, it is important and perhaps, the most vital,
to be humane.
 REFERENCES

Berry, J., Poortinga, Y., Segall, M., & Dasen, P.

(1997). Cross-cultural psychology (2nd ed.). New York:
Cambridge University Press.

Lystad, M. (1972). Social Alienation: A Review of

Current Literature. <i>The Sociological Quarterly,</i>
<i>13</i>(1), 90-113. Retrieved 2021, from
http://www.jstor.org/stable/4105824

Sarfaraz, H. (1997). ALIENATION: A THEORETICAL

OVERVIEW. Pakistan Juornal Of Psychological
Research, 12(1-2).
THANK YOU!