Classification of tillage

Primary Tillage
1. Country or Indigenous plough
2. Mold board plough
3. Disc Plough
4. Rotary tiller
5. Chisel plough
Secondary tillage
1. Harrow
2. Bund former
3. Ridger
4. Puddler
5. Leveller
6. Cultivators
Harrow Use & Types
1. Lighter operation than tillage
2. Cut the soil to shallow depth
3. Smoothing and pulverizing of soil
4. Cut the weeds

a) Disc harrow
b) Spike tooth harrow
c) Spring tooth harrow
d) Acme harrow
e) Patela
f) Triangular harrow
g) Blade harrow
h) Guntaka
i) Reciprocating power harrow
 1) Disc harrow
1. For hard ground, full of stalks and grasses
2. Lumps of soil, clods and roots
3. Smoothening and pulverizing the soil
4. To cut the weeds

1. Single action disc harrow

 Disc harrow
2. Tandem disc double action harrow

3. Off-set disc double action harrow

2) Spike tooth harrow
a) Peg shaped teeth of diamond cross
section
b) Break the clod, stir the soil, uproot the
weeds, level the ground, break the soil
and cover the seeds
c) Teeth, tooth bar frame, clamps, guard,
braces, levers and hooks
3) Spring tooth harrow

a) Tough flexible teeth, suitable to work

in hard and stony soils.
b) Stone, roots and weeds are hidden
below the ground surface
c) Helps in killing weeds
4) Acme harrow

a) Having curved knives

b) Breaks the soil and crushes the clods
c) A good pulverization & mulching
5) Patela
a) Wooden plank with a number of
curved steel hooks
b) Breaking clods, packing, levelling,
ploughed soil and to remove the
weeds
6) Triangular harrow

a) Made of wood/ steel and pointed

spikes
b) Used to prepare seedbeds