Professional Documents
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USE DISORDERS
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS (SUD) - DSM-5
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS (SUD) - DSM-5
Continued use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, or medications not prescribed despite significant disruption to meaningful
activities
Four criterion categories, 11 criteria total
Impaired control
Social impairment
Risky use of the substance
Pharmacological criteria
Psychological component
Certain personality traits associated with greater likelihood of substance use
problems
Trauma exposure
1 out of 8 adults struggled with an alcohol and drug use disorder simultaneously
8.5 million American adults had a mental health disorder and a substance use
disorder at the same time (more on this later)
Non-drinking cultures
Environment?
(Islam, LDS)
PREVALENCE OF CO-OCCURRING DISORDERS
Functional impairment
due to mental illness
(% of total population) 64%
61%
39%
36%
4% 5%
9%
85%
27%
15% 82%
73%
Symptoms managed
Sarah sought out
through social drinking of
behavioral health
alcohol and partying with
counseling services a few
friends, sometimes binge
times but graduated.
drinking.
CO-OCCURRING DISORDER CASE STUDY: SARAH
Relapse is Often
expected self-resolving
COURSE OF CO-OCCURRING SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER
(MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER)
Precipitation model:
Self-medication model:
Early alcohol use Model 3: common
Early adult MDD
disorder in adolescence factors elicit SUD
predicted later adult
predicted MDD in early ~and~ MDD.
alcohol use disorder
adulthood
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Feeling that you Having intense Increasing the Spending money Continuing to use
have to use the urges for the amount you take on the substance even though you
substance substance to block over a period of when you can’t know it’s causing
regularly out other thoughts time afford it you problems
IMPACT ON OCCUPATIONAL PERFORMANCE
Substance Use Disorder can negatively affect ALL occupations described in the
framework
Occupational scientists propose that disordered substance use can sometimes meet the
criteria for an occupation
Engaging in activities that are free of substance use could be very hard
CO-OCCURRING DISORDER CASE STUDY: SARAH
After multiple After a few days in the
miscarriages, emotional hospital and a new
condition escalates. medication regimen, Sarah
Hospitalized to treat major was discharged to go
depression. home.
Outpatient focus:
Outpatient focus: Explore
Practice new occupation –
prospects about returning
managing depression and
to work.
stress without alcohol
REFERENCES
Boyt Schell, B. A., & Gillen, G. (2019). Willard and Spackman's Occupational Therapy (13th ed.). Baltimore, MD:
Wolters Kluwer. 229, 608, 1007
Brown, C., Stoffel, V., & Munoz, J. P. (2019). Occupational therapy in mental health: a vision for participation.
Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Co.
Dubner, S. J. (2020, January). The Opioid Tragedy, Part 2: “It's Not a Death Sentence” (Ep. 403) [Audio
podcast] http://freakonomics.com/podcast/opioids-part-2/
McLellan, A. T. (2017). Substance Misuse and Substance use Disorders: Why do they Matter in Healthcare?
Retrieved February 12, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5525418/
Opp, A. (n.d.). Recovery With Purpose: Occupational Therapy and Drug and Alcohol Abuse. Retrieved February 12, 2020,
from https://www.aota.org/About-Occupational-Therapy/Professionals/MH/Articles/RecoveryWithPurpose.aspx
Staff, M. C. (2017, October 26). Drug addiction (substance use disorder). Retrieved February 12, 2020, from
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/drug-addiction/symptoms-causes/syc-20365112
Thomas, S. (n.d.). Addiction Statistics: Drug & Substance Abuse Statistics. Retrieved February 12, 2020, from
https://americanaddictioncenters.org/rehab-guide/addiction-statistics