Foundation and

Footing
Name: Norma Lisbeth
Alvares Rivera
Course : English
Teacher : Rodríguez Villalobos María
Career: Buildings and civil Works
Year:

2021
What is a Foundation?
The Foundation is an element of
architectural structure which
connects it to the ground and
tranfers load from the structure into
Deep parts of the soil
 Objectives of a Foundation
and footing :

•To distribute the total load coming on the structure on a

larger area.

•To support the structures.

•To give enough stability to the structures against various

disturbing forces, such as wind and rain.

•To prepare a level surface for concreting and masonry

work.
Considerations
Good
for a
Foundation
Nature of the work
}
• It is necessary to know the nature of the terrain.

• Since according to this, the type of foundation to be

used will be chosen

Type of work

The type of work influences a lot because

according to him you can see the efforts that act on
the foundations
 Types of Shallow foundation
Types of foundation : : • Isolated footing (single footing, Column footing)
The two main types of foundation: • Combined footing
• Shallow foundation
• Deep foundation
Types of Deep foundation :
• Pile foundation The difference betwen pile foundation and pier
• Pier foundation foundation lies in method of construcction
 Shallow foundation (spread
foundation):
Depth of foundation is less than or equal to its
width.
Isolated footing (single footing,
column footing):
In framed structures where
several columns are to be constructed, isolated
footings can be adopted.

The columns involved can be provided with

masonry or concrete footing.
If masonry footing is provided,
steps are given and the foundation area is thus
increased so that the stresses developed at the base is
within the limit.
What is a Footing?
Footings are an important part of foundation
construction.

They are typically made of concrete with rebar

reinforcement that has been poured into an
excavated trench.

The purpose of footings is to support the

foundation and prevent settling. Footings are
especially important in areas with troublesome
soils.
 Types of
Wall footings footing
are used to support structural
walls that carry loads for other
floors or to support estructural
walls.
Isolated or single footings
are used to support single
columns.

This is one of the most

economical types of
footings and is used when
columns are spaced at
relatively long distances.
Combined
footings
usually support two columns, or three
columns not in a row.
Combined footings are used when tow
columns are so close that single footings
cannot be used or when one column is
located at or near a property line.
Cantilever or strap footings
consist of two single footings connected with a beam or
a strap and support two single columns.This type replaces
a combined footing and is more economical.
Continuous footings
support a row of three or more columns.They have
limited width and continue under all columns.
Rafted or mat foundation
Consists of one footing usually placed under the entire building
area. They are used, when soil bearing capacity is low, column
loads are heavy single footings cannot be used, piles are not used
and differential settlement must be reduced.
thanks