ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING I

(Circuit Analysis-I)

Course Instructor:
Engr. M. Owais Manzoor.
RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

 Ohm's law to solve electric circuits

 Kirchhoff ‘s current law and Kirchhoff ‘s voltage law
 Single-loop and single node-pair circuits
 Resistors in series and parallel
 Voltage and current division
 wye-delta Transformations
 Analyze electric circuits containing dependent sources
OHM’S LAW

Ohm's law states that the voltage across a resistance is

directly proportional to the current flowing through it. The
resistance measured in ohms. is the constant of
proportionality between the voltage and current.
LEARNING ASSESSMENT
LEARNING ASSESSMENT
 CIRCUIT ESSENTIALS

 Circuit Elements

 Nodes

 Loops

 Branches
 CIRCUIT ESSENTIALS

Circuit Elements:
 Constituent of circuit (Resistors , Capacitor)

Node:
 A node is simply a point of connection of two or more circuit
elements

Loops:
 A loop is simply any closed path through the circuit in which no
node is encountered more than once
 CIRCUIT ESSENTIALS

Branches:
 A branch is a portion of a circuit containing only a single element
and the nodes at each end of the element
 KIRCHHOFF'S LAWS

Kirchhoff's Current Law

 Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL), which states that the algebraic Sum
of the currents entering any node is zero.

 In mathematical form the law appears as

 KIRCHHOFF'S LAWS

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

 Kirchhoff’s voltage law (KYL), states that the algebraic sum of the
voltages in close loop is zero

 In mathematical form the law appears as

LEARNING ASSESSMENT
LEARNING ASSESSMENT
LEARNING ASSESSMENT
LEARNING ASSESSMENT
LEARNING ASSESSMENT
SINGLE LOOP CIRCUITS
Voltage Division:
 Applying Kirchhoff's voltage law to this circuit yields

 However, from Ohm's law we know that

SINGLE LOOP CIRCUITS
Voltage Division:
 Solving the equation for i(t) yields

 Knowing the current, we can now apply Ohm's law to determine the
voltage across each resistor
SINGLE LOOP CIRCUITS
Voltage Division:

 The simple equations are very important because they describe the
operation of what is called a voltage divider. In other words, the
source voltage v(t) is divided between the resistors R1and R2 in
direct proportion to their resistances. In essence, if we are interested
in the voltage across the resistor R1 we bypass the calculation of the
current i(t) and simply multiply the input voltage v(t) by the ratio
SINGLE LOOP CIRCUITS
Voltage Division:
 Note also that for any resistor Ri in the circuit, the voltage across Ri
is given by the expression which is the voltage-division property for
multiple resistors in series

 Equation above illustrates that the equivalent resistance of N

resistors in series is simply the sum of the individual resistances.
LEARNING ASSESSMENT
LEARNING ASSESSMENT
PROBLEM-SOLVING STRATEGY
Single Loop Circuits:
 ASSIGNMENT

 Re-Attempt all the Examples , Learning assessments and

End problems at home

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