ROAD REFLECTOR

INTRODUCTION
The Automatic Road Reflector is a simple but effective system will help us automate the traditional
road reflectors. A raised pavement marker is a safety device used on road to guide the vehicles along
the path at the time of night. The Automatic Road Reflector system is designed to replace this
currently being used safety device.
The proposed system is designed to sense the intensity of ambient light and work accordingly. At the
time of low light, the system senses the ambient light has been decreased and it lights up the reflector.
On the other hand, the system will turn itself into power saving mode at the time of bright light and
will save energy.
To sense the intensity of light, the system consists of a photo resistor or light-dependent resistor. The
Light Dependent Resistor works on the basic principle of photoconductivity, making them useful in
light sensing. The term photoconductivity stands for a phenomenon in which the conductivity of a
substance increases while in contact with light. In general terms, the LDR is made up of substance
who has a low conductivity in darkness, and whenever it comes in the contact with light the
conductive property of the sensor increases. A typical light dependent resistor has a resistance in the
darkness of 1MOhm and in the brightness a resistance of a couple of KOhm.
 EXISTING SYSTEM
• The working principle of an LDR is photoconductivity, which is nothing but an optical
phenomenon. When the light is absorbed by the material then the conductivity of the
material enhances. When the light falls on the LDR, then the electrons in the valence band of
the material are eager to the conduction band. But, the photons in the incident light must
have energy superior to the bandgap of the material to make the electrons jump from one
band to another band valance to conduction.
• Hence, when light having ample energy, more electrons are excited to the conduction band
which grades in a large number of charge carriers. When the effect of this process and the
flow of the current starts flowing more, the resistance of the device decreases
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
• A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC), which periodically
reverses direction, to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction.
• The process is known as rectification, since it "straightens" the direction of current. Physically,
rectifiers take a number of forms, including vacuum tube diodes, mercury-arc valves, stacks
of copper and selenium oxide plates, semiconductor diodes, silicon-controlled
rectifiers and other silicon-based semiconductor switches. Historically, even synchronous
electromechanical switches and motors have been used. Early radio receivers, called crystal
radios, used a "cat's whisker" of fine wire pressing on a crystal of galena (lead sulfide) to
serve as a point-contact rectifier or "crystal detector".Rectifiers have many uses, but are often
found serving as components of DC
• Power supplies and high-voltage direct current power transmission systems. Rectification may
serve in roles other than to generate direct current for use as a source of power. As noted,
detectors of radio signals serve as rectifiers. In gas heating systems flame rectification is used
to detect presence of a flame
• A relay driver circuit is a circuit which can drive, or operate, a relay so that it can function
appropriately in a circuit. The driven relay can then operate as a switch in the circuit which
can open or close, according to the needs of the circuit and its operation.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
 CONCLUTION
• This is useful and on the other hand it is also very energy consumption one the automatic
road light reflector is commonly used for the airport because the light travels faster than
sound .so the this is very effective to use in the road to avoid road accident and viability in
the rainy season.