AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT CONTROLLER USING IC 555

TIMER
 ABSTRACT

Smart automatic street lights is designed using Timer IC 555 and LDR. When darkness rise to certain level then sensor
circuit gets activated and switches ON and when there is other source of light i.e., daytime, the street light gets OFF. The
sensitiveness of the street light can also be adjusted. In our work, we have used two LED as a symbol of street lamp, but for
high power switching one can connect relay at the output of pin 3 of IC 555 timer that will make easy to turn ON/OFF any
electrical appliances that are connected through relay. IC 555 timer is a one of the most widely used in various electronics. The
timer got its name from the three 5 kilo-ohm resistor in series employed in the internal circuit of the IC. A street light that
automatically switches ON when the night falls and switches OFF when sun rises. In fact we can use this circuit for
implementing any type of automatic night light. The circuit uses a LDR to sense the light. when there is light the resistance of
LDR will be low.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 COMPONENTS USED

1. L.D.R (Light Dependent Resistor)

2. IC NE555 with Base

3. LED1 & LED 2 (Light Emitting Diode)

4. Capacitor

5. 9v Battery with strip

6. 47K Trimmer or Preset

7. 1k Resistor

8.220 ohm Resistor

 WORKING PRINCIPLE
 LDR is a Light Dependent Resistor whose value depends on the quantity of the light which is falling on it.
 It has a resistance of almost 1 mega ohm when it is in total darkness, but its resistance is about 5k ohms when exposed to full
brightness.
 The IC 555 timer is used to control the operations of the circuit which acts as a comparator circuit with pin 6 connected to the
positive terminal.
 The output goes high when the pin no. 2 i.e, trigger pin goes one-third of the supply voltage .
 Similarly, its output goes to low when output is above one-third of the voltage. For detection of the amount of light, LDR is
used as a resistor to adjust the circuit voltage.
 The circuit is cheap and economic and can be made easily.
 On a large scale, the circuit can be used with the solar cell as an energy source and a big light source can be used at night, and
instead of manual operation, automatic operation can be implemented.
 INPUT & OUTPUT RESULTS

LDR IN BRIGHT ENVIRONMENT LDR IN DARK ENVIRONMENT

 A D VA N TA G E S & A P P L I C AT I O N S

 It saves the electricity by automatic switching of the lights.

 It gets automatically on in dark weather conditions in rainy days.
 Reduces human effort.
 All the components are easily available
 Circuit is not costly and can be commonly used.
 Easy to install.
 On/off switch is also available in circuit to off the system when not in use for a long time.
 CONCLUSION

• The project of “AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT CONTROLLER” is a cost effective, eco-friendly and the safest way to save
energy.
• It clearly takes the two problems that world is facing today, saving the energy and also disposal of incandescent lamps, very
efficiently.
• As a conclusion, around 77%-81% of power consumption can be reduced by using this system towards providing a solution for
energy saving.