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Gender Equity, Equality &

Mainstreaming

2021

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 At the end of this presentation the participants will be able

to:

 Define gender equity, equality & mainstreaming

 Describe strategies to achieve gender equality.
 Discuss the importance of gender mainstreaming

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 Definitions
 Concepts of equity & equality
 Strategies to achieve gender equality
 Gender main streaming & its importance

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 What is the difference b/n equity and equality?

 Being fair in the distribution of responsibilities and

benefits. Equity/equality?

 Equal participation in decision-making power.

Equity/equality?
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 In a perfect world all people are created equal in terms of

opportunities to develop and reach their full potential.

 That is equality, a goal to which we can aspire.

 However, in reality, we know that we are a long way

from living in a world in which every person can achieve
her/his potential.

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 Gender Equity is the process of being fair and justice in the

distribution of responsibilities and benefits between men and
women.

 To ensure fairness, measures must often be put in place to

compensate for the historical and social disadvantages that
prevent women and men from operating on a level playing field.

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 Gender Equality means that women and men have equal

conditions /opportunity for realizing their full human rights and
for contributing to, and benefiting from:
 Economic, social, cultural and political development.

 Absence of discrimination on the basis of a person’s sex in

opportunities, the allocation of resources or benefits, or in
access to services
 equal participation and decision-making power
 Gender equality means that men and women have equal power and
equal opportunities for financial independence, education, and
personal development.
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 Equity is a means.

 Equality and equitable outcomes are

the results.
 Equal treatment of men and women in laws
and policies

 Equal access to resources and services

within families, communities and societies
at large

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Gender equality can be seen as occurring along the following

three domains:

 Equality in human capability (education, health, nutrition)

 Equality in opportunities (access to land, productive
resources) and
 Equality in Agency (decision-making on transformative
outcomes)

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 Gender equality is therefore the equal valuing by society

of the similarities and the differences of men and
women, and the roles they play.

 It is based on women and men being full partners in

their home, their community and their society.

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 What do you think to be done?????

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1. Advocacy
 To achieve gender equality:
 A person or a group of people must decide a form of
gender inequality must end.

 The disparity will no longer be passively accepted.

 Advocate that gender equality is not just for the sake of

women
 It is for the welfare of families, for the growth of the
economy, and thus for society in general

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2. Integration
 Integrating gender agenda into the ‘New Development Model’ is essential
to achieve gender equality:
 Consistency between Constitutional Rights and Regular
Legislation
 Labor Regulation to Create Level Playing Field for Men and
Women
 Education Enhancement Toward Market skills
 Investments in Infrastructure to Support Women’s Work and
Family Duties

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3. Addressing Poverty
 Free and Compulsory education

 Scholarship for needy girls and boys

 School feeding programs

 Income generating activities for parents

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4. Combating harmful cultural practice

 Community sensitization
 Legislation against harmful practices
 Early marriage
 Sexual harassment
 Unequal Division of labor
 Disregard for the girl child

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5. Creating a gender responsive learning environment

 Schools close to homes
 Flexible timetable

 Mothers’ clubs, girls’ clubs to create joyful learning env’t

 Gender sensitization of parents, community members,

teachers, students
 Review of curriculum, teaching and learning materials,
methodologies for gender responsiveness

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Gender responsive learning environment …..

 Creating Child friendly schools
 Re-entry for pregnant school girls

 Special education program for conflict situation

 Non-formal / second chance education for women

 Gender responsive school management system

 Community involvement for girls education

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6. Gender empowerment
 It includes increasing a woman's sense of self-worth, her decision-
making power, her access to opportunities and resources, her power
and control over her own life inside and outside the home, and her
ability to effect change
 Empowering girls with skills to solve gender based constraints to their
development
Involving girls in:
 Understanding the gender construct
 Identifying problems to their academic and social development
 Analyzing root causes of the problem
 Speaking out about the problems and taking action to solve them.

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 Empowering women through:

 Increased income-earning potential,
 Decision making autonomy,

 Control over their own fertility, and

 Participation in public life.

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7. Partnership
Strategic Partnership
 All stakeholders

 Emphasis on community

 Emphasis on students

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Framework for Implementation
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Steps to Gender Equality

Gender equality

ENGAGEMENT MECHANISMS

Gender analysis

EQUITY MECHANISMS

Commitment to act

Gender analysis

Gender inequity/inequality
Source: Linda Pennells 2003
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 What is Gender Mainstreaming ?

 Where to mainstream?

 Who is to mainstream?

 How mainstreaming?
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 Gender mainstreaming is the (re)organisation,

improvement, development and evaluation of policy
processes, so that a gender equality perspective is
incorporated in all policies at all levels and at all
stages, by the actors normally involved in policy-
making.

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 It is a strategy for making the concerns and experiences of

women as well as of men an integral part of:
 The design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies
and programmes in all political, economic and societal spheres, so
that women and men benefit equally, and inequality is not perpetuated

 The ultimate goal of mainstreaming is to achieve gender

equality

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 Gender Mainstreaming is a globally accepted strategy for

promoting gender equality.

 Mainstreaming is not an end in itself but a strategy, an approach, a

means to achieve the goal of gender equality

 Mainstreaming involves ensuring that gender perspectives and

attention to the goal of gender equality are central to all activities:
- policy development, research, advocacy/ dialogue, legislation,
resource allocation, and planning, implementation and monitoring of
programmes and projects.

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 It assess how policies impact on the life and position of both

women and men – and taking responsibility to re-address
imbalances.

 Ensures that the needs of both men & women are taken on
board during policy development, implementation- M and E

 The need of collective process of articulating a shared vision of

sustainable human development and translating it into reality
(through policy, programs and budgets) hence the need for the
effective participation of both women and men.

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 It is a commitment to ensure concerns and experiences of both

women and men are integral to the design, implementation,
monitoring and evaluation of all legislation, policies and
programmes

 It concerns the staffing, procedures, programmes and culture of

development organizations

 Recognizes gender equality as critical to the achievement of

other development goals including poverty reduction

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 It advances women to reach their developmental potential

since programs and policies will be analyzed from the
perspectives of men and women.

 It minimizes negative impacts by ensuring that needs and

concerns are addressed.

 It ensures development programs and policies are people

centred and sustain the effects of development.

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 Recognition of the need for a combined strategy to address women

empowerment issues including selected focus of channelling
assistance to women, as a target group, to a more mainstreaming
approach of promoting gender equality as a development goal.

 There are other several specific reasons underlining the added value
of mainstreaming:
 It puts people at the heart of policy-making
 It leads to better government
 It involves both women and men and makes full use of human
resources
 It makes gender equality issues visible in the mainstream of
society
 It takes into account the diversity among women and men

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