GREEN BUILDING and

TECHNOLOGY
CONTENT:

• Example of Greenfield development

• Example of Brownfield
development

• Sustainable Site Development

PRESENTED BY:
Mansi
Nikita Malode
P S Sujith
Prajna Mahesh
Pranathi S
Prathik R Jagtap

SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE VIII SEMESTER IV YEAR

 SUSTAINABLE SITE DEVELOPMENT
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SUSTAINABLE SITE DEVELOPMENT:
• The process of sustainable site planning and development
recognizes natural characteristics of a site, analyzes
natural processes, and respects the inherent qualities that
make places special.
• The process helps you to develop your site without
diminishing or interrupting natural processes and
characteristics.
• Sustainable site planning development starts by
understanding and mapping the local conditions around
your property.
• It assesses and sketches existing conditions on the site
itself, and in its final steps it creates a plan for developing
the site.
• Sustainable site development considers long- and short-
term costs, human safety, and natural ecosystems.
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• Sustainable site development helps reduce risk by taking
into account intense weather and other natural events,
such as floods and fire.
• Making spaces more resilient helps keep RDN residents
safe and reduces the likelihood of costly repairs due to
natural events.
• Green buildings and renewable energy generation can
complement the principles of sustainable site planning by
decreasing our reliance on fossil fuels and centralized
power generation.
• Some green building certification programs focus on
choosing materials with a lower environmental impact in
their extraction or manufacturing and provide safer
indoor air quality for homeowners.
GREEN BUILDING & TECHNOLOGY
 • Choosing a building's site and managing that site during construction are important to ensure a project’s sustainability.

• Environmentally responsible site selection discourages development of previously undeveloped land; minimizes a building's
impact on ecosystems and waterways; encourages regionally appropriate landscaping; rewards smart transportation choices; and
controls stormwater runoff.

• Additionally, appropriate site management can reduce erosion, light pollution, the heat island effect and construction-related
pollution.

• Buildings can be placed in various locations; project teams should choose the environmentally preferred option and follow up with
responsible stewardship of the site.

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 Essential parameters that must to be taken into consideration while selecting the site as per LEED certification:
• Impact on the Environment:
The environmental impact from the project is how the
construction of buildings, roadways, parking structures affect the
soil, land, the waterways and the whole ecosystem
• Connection with the Community:
This idea is based On LEED system which specifies that the
construction of a particular project must contribute some positive
development for the surrounding community under
consideration.
• New Development is Limited:
This policy of LEED system is to make it clear to avoid the
construction of a new project on a new land and utilize the land
that are already abandoned. This involves the construction on
brownfield sites, run – down land.
• Transportation:
LEED system provides a great concern for proximity of
transportation. When analyzing a building that is seeking LEED
certification, a maximum of 6 credits are given for those
construction sites that are near to public transportation facilities
like subway station, train station and bus station.
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•Public Amenities and Availability:
Those project that grants room for storage and bicycle racks are
credited with 1 point by the LEED system under LEED
certification credits. If the commercial green building also
provide space for workers for changing rooms, storage lockers,
showers and other essential utilities this credit is added.
•Utilizing Open spaces:
The provision of open space in an office environment help to
preserve the natural environment and the improvement of
overall working atmosphere. This makes LEED system to grant 1
point.
•Storm Water Control:
The use of permeable pavements helps in the reduction of storm
water and runoff issues. The use of such special pavement helps
in water absorption that help in ground water recharging.
•Heat Land Reduction
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 Strategies addressed by LEED
• Prevent
construction
• Maximize site pollution
density

• Reduce size of
• Protect & building foot print
Restore Habitat

• Plant Native • Increase site

and Adaptive density
species

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 The criteria that is considered for Sustainable site planning and development according to
GRIHA

Criterion 1- Site selection

Site selection and analysis should be carried out to create living spaces that are in harmony with the local
environment. The development of a project should not cause damage to the natural surroundings of the site
but, in fact, should try to improve it by restoring its balance. Thus, site selection should be carried out in
light of a holistic perspective of
• Preservation and optimal use of the environment
• Land use
• Development intensity
• Social well-being

Criterion 2- Preserve and protect landscape during construction

To preserve the existing landscape and protect it from degradation during the process of construction.
• Select proper timing for the construction activity to minimize site disturbance such as soil pollution due
to spilling of the construction material and its mixing with rainwater.
• Use staging and spill prevention and control plan to restrict the spilling of the contaminated material on
site. Titan office, Bangalore
• Protect the top soil from erosion
• Specify and limit construction activity in pre-planned/designated areas.
• Preserve existing mature trees on-site during the course of construction by preserving and
transplanting them.
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Criterion 3 -Soil conservation

Conserve top soil till after completion of construction activity.

• Ensure adequate fertility of the soil to support vegetative growth.
• Ensure adequate topsoil laying for vegetative growth.
• Ensure stabilization of soil in the area where the topsoil is vulnerable to erosion

Criterion 4- Design to include existing site features

The natural functions of a plot of land (hydrologic, geologic, and microclimatic) can be disrupted by the placement
of a building on it. The design of a green building will factor in ways in which the natural site features can be
protected or even restored.

Layout the site activities and building requirements after carrying out detailed site analysis so as to ensure
sustainable site development in tune with its topographical, climatic, and ecological character.

• Carry out a comprehensive site analysis to identify site characteristics that can be used to harness natural
resources (like solar energy, wind, and water) and the potential qualities of the landforms that could contribute
to making different areas of the site visually and thermally more comfortable for users.
• Locate various activities of the scheme after careful site analysis and assessment so as to protect ecologically
sensitive areas and reduce damage to the natural ecosystem.
• Identify areas of the site that were damaged during construction.
Criterion 5 - Reduce hard paving on-site and/or provide shaded hard-paved surfaces

To reduce hard paving on-site (open areas surrounding building premises) and/or provide shade on
hard-paved surfaces to minimize the heat island effect and imperviousness of the site .

• Net paved area of the site under parking, roads, paths, or any other use not to exceed 25% as
prescribed by the National Building Code of India, Bureau of Indian Standards, 2005.
• Total surface parking not to exceed the area as permissible under the local bylaw and
• more than 50% of the total paved area to have pervious paving/open grid pavement/ grass pavers, or
• minimum 50% of the total paved area (including parking) to have shading by vegetated roof/pergola
with planters, or Infosys Bangalore
• minimum 50% of the total paved area (including parking) to be topped with finish having solar
reflectance of 0.5 or higher.

Criterion 6- Enhance outdoor lighting system efficiency and use renewable energy system for meeting
outdoor lighting requirement.

Enhance energy efficiency of outdoor lighting and promote usage of renewable forms of energy to reduce
the use of conventional/fossil fuel based energy resources.

Criterion 7- Plan utilities efficiently and optimize on-site circulation efficiency . ITC, Gurgaon

To reduce site disruption due to laying, maintain utility lines, and minimize energy use by on-site utilities.
To reduce transportation corridors on-site, thus reducing the pollution loads.
• Design a site plan to minimize road length and building footprint. Shade all pedestrian roads by
vegetated roofs/any other shading devices.
• Use aggregate utility corridors.

Criterion 8- Provide minimum level of sanitation/safety facilities for construction workers

To ensure the health and safety of workers during construction, with effective provisions for the basic
facilities such as sanitation and drinking water, and safety of equipment or machinery

Criterion 9- Reduce air pollution during construction

The dust generated by various construction site activities can contribute significantly to air pollution. Safety measures in
construction site
Dust and outdoor air pollutants can cause respiratory problems.

Good construction practices involve major mitigation measures for prevention or minimization of air
pollution from construction activities. This criterion aims to reduce air pollution due to on–site
construction

• Adopt measures to prevent air pollution in the vicinity of the site due to construction activities.
GREENFIELD AIRPORT:
• A greenfield airport is an aviation facility with greenfield project characteristics.

• The designation reflects certain environmental qualities (using previously undeveloped

or empty greenfield land, for example) and commissioning, planning and construction
processes that are generally carried out from scratch.

• While a green field in nature is defined as a wide expanse of natural land (meadow,
prairie, grassland), here greenfield denotes that a project lacks any constraints imposed
upon it by prior work or existing infrastructure.

• (A brownfield, on the other hand, remodels or improves upon existing facilities.) Such
projects can be highly coveted by engineers as no time must be allotted for demolition
of unneeded buildings, etc. constructed in developed areas for the development of the
particular place

• While modern greenfield airports are under construction in Beijing, Istanbul, and
Sydney, India's greenfield airport project schedule is among the world's most robust.

• India's annual civil aviation sector growth rate currently sits at nine percent, but is
expected to reach into the double digits for the coming years.

•  Over the next two decades, the number of airports is expected to increase from 133 to
500. Of these, 367 are slated to be greenfield airports.

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 GREENFIELD DEVELOPMENT:

Beijing Daxing International Airport

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 Introduction

• Beijing Daxing International Airport opened for operations in September 2019, following more than four years of construction.
The new Daxing airport will serve as north China’s commercial aviation hub.
• The new airport is located in Daxing, a suburb district south of the city.
• It reduces congestion at the existing airport and caters to the needs of Beijing passengers.

• It is expected to handle 72 million passengers by 2025 and up to 100 million passengers and four million tonnes of cargo upon
further expansion.

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 • Construction work on the Daxing airport commenced in December 2014 and the steel structure of the terminal was formed in
June 2017.
• Beijing Daxing International Airport is built on 6,620 acres site located 46 km south of Beijing’s political centre

• The project included the construction of airline bases, an intercity railway, high-speed subway, highway and air traffic control
tower.
• Netherlands Airport Consultants (NACO), a Dutch airport consulting firm, won the bid to design the new airport’s master plan
• Special care has been taken by NACO to incorporate sustainable elements into the master plan of the airport.
• The Beijing New Airport Headquarters formed a joint design team comprising ADP Ingeniérie (ADPI) and Zaha Hadid Architects
(ZHA) to develop a concept design for the Beijing New Airport terminal building in October 2014. The concept design was
completed in February 2015.

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 Sustainable features of Beijing Daxing Airport
• Beijing Daxing Airport incorporates energy-saving green
concepts, allowing natural light into the building.

• Renewable energy accounts for more than 10% of the energy

consumed by the airport.

• Other traditional sources will also be used to meet the needs of

the airport.

• The airport features a solar farm with photovoltaic cells

mounted on the roof of the car park building, hangars and cargo
areas.

• A 100% rainwater collection facility was installed to cater to its

energy and resource needs.

• “The airport features a solar farm with photovoltaic cells

mounted on the roof of the car park building, hangars and cargo
areas.”

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 • Heating and cooling systems of the airport are powered by
geothermal heat pumps located at the Yongding River basin.

• Energy from the pumps is expected to meet 8% of the

energy required by the airport. Filter glasses are used to
block 60% of the heat and allow 60% of natural sunlight
inside the terminal building.

• The departure lounges open to five courtyards designed in

ancient Chinese-style, featuring silk, tea, porcelain, courtside
and Chinese gardens.

• The new airport implements the latest technology such as a

passenger self-check-in facility, which will be available for
86% of the passengers and self baggage check-in serving
76% of the passengers.

• Use of clean energy vehicles will also reduce the airport’s

carbon footprint.

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 GREENFIELD DEVELOPMENT:

Ningbo Eastern New Town Ecological Corridor

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 PROJECT STATEMENT
• Through an innovative and carefully
composed tapestry of topography,
hydrology, and vegetation, the project
transforms an uninhabitable brownfield
into a linear “living filter.”

• Ningbo Eco- Corridor creates vital habitat

for native flora and fauna, enhances public
health, creates beautiful public spaces,
and raises the bar globally for sustainable
development.

• Just after the first phase of completion,

rarely seen local wildlife has returned – A
testament to the health of the restored
natural systems, waterways, and habitats
of the site.

• The successful “living filter” makes a case

for similarly sized cities in the region and
beyond to plan based on high-
performance best practices. Ningbo Eco-
Corridor is a clear example of the
economic and quality of life successes that
investing in green infrastructure can offer.

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 PROJECT NARRATIVE

Context & Scope: A New Urban Green Spine

• Ningbo City lies in the southern part of the Yangtze River delta eco-
region. This area was historically known for its extensive riparian
forests, reed swamps, rural agricultural cultivation, and a vast network
of canals.
• As a result of rapid urbanization, by the end of the 20th century the
canals of the Eco-Corridor site were severely degraded due to a
disastrous combination of industrial use and lack of effective zoning
and pollution control.
• In 2002, with the dual intention of alleviating development pressure on
Old Ningbo City and setting a precedent for a balanced, ecological
approach to further urban expansion, the planning department called
for a master plan for “Ningbo Eastern New City,” which includes six
square miles of mixed-use urban development to accommodate the
growing population.
• Ningbo Eco-Corridor is located at the center of this urban expansion. It
provides a linear network of green spaces where humans, wildlife, and
plants can reside, coexist, and prosper.
• Recognizing that wetland and aquatic habitats hold the greatest
conservation significance for this eco-region, the design team focused
their energies on a site-specific intervention that would have historical
and cultural relevance in the new era of eco-consciousness. Phase 1
(56 acres total) was recently completed, and work on Phase 2 is
scheduled to begin this year.

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 Design Intent: A living filter

• Pre-industry, the network of canals accommodated the diverse functions of transportation, irrigation, and flood control. Within the Eco-Corridor
Phase 1 site, water management and ecological functionality were woven into a unique park and recreation area, simulating the original canal
functions. Carefully designed layers of soil, water, and vegetation offer recreational and educational opportunities, foster an increased community
relationship to water, and support natural habitat in an urban context.

• The resulting successful “living filter” makes a case for similarly sized cities in the region and beyond to plan cities based on high-performance best
practices. Ningbo Eco-Corridor is a clear example of the economic and quality of life successes that investing in green infrastructure has to offer.

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Design Approach
● Topography: Incorporating excessive dirt from the surrounding development areas, the entire
Eco-Corridor zone is carefully graded and crafted into contours creating a terrain of hills for
recreation and valleys for storm water management.
● Hydrology: Replacing the existing system of dead-end and disconnected canals is a new
meandering water course, with series of free-flowing rivulets, streams, ponds, and marshland
that will support the re-establishment of the indigenous ecology. The newly constructed
watercourse improves the quality of the canal water and makes it suitable for ecological
restoration and recreational use.
● Vegetation: An emphasis on native vegetation supports the re-establishment of diverse plant
communities along the length of the corridor and encourages colonization by indigenous Topography
wildlife. Plant selection also creates a unique sense of place: together with topographical
variety, differentiation of species into groupings based on height, texture, and color creates
distinct spatial patterns.
● Riparian Habitat improvement: Replaces existing impervious, vertical canal banks with soft,
sloping vegetated banks. The riparian planting edge provides a green buffer and aquatic
habitat, and aids the removal of contaminants from canal water and storm water runoff.
Wildlife habitat structures like logs and perch trees are placed along the riparian edge to
jumpstart habitat complexity and species richness functions.
● Reconnecting People and Nature: The park and trail design provides a clear example of natural
processes in an urban setting. Bio-swales, rain gardens, an aquatic garden, and restored
habitat were all carefully sited for maximum function, but can be easily assessed or observed
by elevated boardwalks, stepping stones, bridges, and bird blinds.

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1. Site and Challenges`

The Ningbo Eastern New Town Ecological Corridor (Zhongshan Road-Railway)

is 1286 meters long from north to south and 434 meters wide from east to west,
with a total area of 37.4 hectares. The completed section is between Zhongshan
Road and Baizhang East Road, with a north-south length of 470 meters and an
east-west width of 470 meters, and 12.2 hectares in size.
The site is bounded by Zhongshan Road on the north side, railroads on the
south side, Fuqing Road on the west side, and a planning road on the east
side. Before being designed, the site and surrounding areas were fragmented
farmland, villages and factories that were planned to be relocated. The terrain
was quite flat, the water network was densely distributed in the region and
seriously polluted by industry and domestic sewage. The river was partially
straightened and channelized. Factory buildings, cement paving and stacking
materials left by the rural enterprises are distributed on the site. Domestic
and industrial waste fills the river channels. This site is a typical brownfield in
the rural-urban fringe of the southern region of China.

2. Objectives and Design Strategies
Ningbo Ecological Corridor is a post-industrial landscape ecological
reconstruction project. As part of the larger ecological network in the Ningbo
eastern new town, this project aims to build the continuity and integrity of
the ecological corridor meanwhile fulfill the needs of the establishing
communities surrounding the site. Oriented towards holistic ecosystem
services, landscape is designed as a comprehensive ecological infrastructure
to solve the urban ecological and environmental problems systematically.
The project would restore the hydrologic environment, cleanse water
bodies, and rebuild riparian wetlands, meanwhile create a public green
space to meet the demand of modern urban life, and to define the
identity of the new urban district. The project will bring vitality and
sense of place to the city which is under construction, and enhance
citizens’ awareness of belonging and community. Meanwhile, the project
looks forward to cost savings in the construction and maintenance,
which are also the client’s demand for ecological, social, cultural and
economic considerations.

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Preservation, reuse and regeneration: factory buildings, trees and water
systems

Firstly, the current factory buildings in the site are kept and re-used to preserve the
site’s memory and historical context. The grid structure of the factory building is
transformed and interspersed with green planting to form a unique landscape and
resting place, making it the landmark of the entire project (this part has not been
constructed yet). The existing trees and water system in the site are retained and
integrated into the new design.

Terrain design based on hydro-ecological processes: terraces, curved banks

and isles

Terrain design aims to improve the hydro-ecological processes. It slows down the water
flow, intercepts and purifies the water body, and makes full use of plants to absorb
nutrients from water bodies. Based on the original river, the corridor is ecologically
designed to in a curvilinear form. The isles are designed in the water to increase the
interface between water and land. With the elevation change of 4 meters between the
road and the river’s water level, multi-level terraces are designed to intercept and filter
the urban surface runoff before it flows into the river. To strengthen the water
purification process, a diversion channel is designed on the west side of the site. The
contaminated water from the upper reaches of the river is lifted into the diversion
channel from north to south. The channel meanders through the forest, distributing
water to each terraced wetland for filtration and purification, before the water is
discharged into the river.

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Diverse Vegetation: Wetlands, Crops, and Woods
Corresponding to the terrain design mentioned, vegetation design is divided
into three types: wetland vegetation, annual crops and meadows, and
woods. Low-maintenance aquatic plants and wetland plants are widely used
on both sides of the riverbank and in the water. On the side close to the city,
arbor belts dominated by broadleaf trees such as Cinnamomum camphora,
Ginkgo biloba, and Elaeocarpus decipiens form a green border between the
city and the park meanwhile create a penetrable visual connection in
between.
On the terraces between the wetlands and arbor belts, annual crops and
flowers are planted in rotation around the season, such as canola flower in
spring, sunflower in summer, and chrysanthemums in autumn. The seasonal
rhythm and sense of change are brought about to the city by the changing
plants, providing the new generation of urban residents with nostalgia after
long time away from farming. Standing out from other stereotyped cities,
the urban area has been refreshed by pleasant vitality.

Immersive experiential facilities: boardwalk and pavilions

Continuous footpaths and cycling paths run through the north and south,
connected with the greenway system of the city. A boardwalk system, connecting
the city and going through the wetland, groves and terraces, provides various
opportunities for immersive experiences. Several wooden platforms are
embedded in wetlands and terraces, or interspersed with trees. The platforms
are also combined with pavilions, embellished on the landscape matrix. The
pavilions are made of corten steel which is folded. They are both art installations
and shelters, luring people to take a rest, to take pictures, and to get together.
They become the highlight and viewpoints of the ecological corridor.

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 THANK YOU

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