Week 16:

Globalization
and Education
Jhaven Mañas, RPm.
 LEARNING OUTCOMES
 define globalization and its characteristics
 describe how socio-cultural, environmental, economic, political and equity issues
affect globalization
 discuss the impact of globalization on the process and progress of education
 GLOBALIZATION
 Globalization – Used to describe the growing integration of economics worldwide
through increases in trade investment flows, and technology transfer. Globalization
describes the interplay across cultures of macro-social forces. These forces include
religion, politics, and economics. Globalization can erode and universalize the
characteristics of a local group.
 Globalization is described as a structural phenomenon of increasing interdependence
among various parts of the world, for which the effects of an action feel at a distance
has produced a variety of economic, cultural, and social changes that have shaped the
world over the past 50 years.
 GLOBALIZATION
 Globalization has had a relevant impact also in the educational field: the convergence
of models of educational organizations, the internationalization of key competencies
definition and the diffusion of large-scale assessment of student's performance (PISA-
OECD), are only a few of more relevant aspects of this process.
 Globalization is an important development that changed deeply the world in modern
history.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBALIZATION THAT CAN BE
LINKED TO EDUCATION:
• Educational Terms

 Economic Terms – Is the increasing economic interdependence of national economies

across the world through a rapid increase in cross-border movement of goods, service,
technology, and capital.
 Political Terms - Under globalization, politics can take place above the state through
political integration schemes such as the European Union and through
intergovernmental organizations such as the International Monetary Fund, the World
Bank and the World Trade Organization. Political activity can also transcend national
borders through global movements and NGOs.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBALIZATION THAT CAN BE
LINKED TO EDUCATION:
• Educational Terms

 Cultural Terms - Refers to the transmission of ideas, meanings and values across
national borders. This process is marked by the spread of commodities and ideologies,
which become standardized around the world. Mass consumption serves as a facilitator
between different people and cultures around the globe as a result of the exponential
growth of the human population.
 ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION
1. Industrial Globalization, Trans-Nationalization – refers to the rise and expansion of
multinational and transnational enterprises.
2. Financial Globalization – refers to the emergence of world-wide financial markets and
better access to external financing for corporate, national and sub-national borrowers.
3. Political Globalization– refers to the spread of political sphere of interests to the regions
and countries outside the neighborhood of political actors and the potential formation of a
global citizen movement.
4. Information Globalization– refers to the increase in information flows between
geographically remote locations.
5. Cultural Globalization– refers to the growth of cross-cultural contacts.
6. Globalism– refers to the universal internationalist impulse that the world is connected.
 SOCIO-CULTURAL, ECONOMIC AND
POLITICAL ISSUES ON GLOBALIZATION
 Socio-cultural Issues
 Massive migration- are changing the ways we experience national identities and
cultural belonging
 Managing difference- is becoming one of the greatest challenges to multicultural
countries
 Global changes in culture- deeply affect educational policies, practices and
institutions
 SOCIO-CULTURAL, ECONOMIC AND
POLITICAL ISSUES ON GLOBALIZATION
 Economic Issues
 Worldwide inequality
 Consistency and quality of educational experiences remain patchy
 Secondary education in developing countries remains quite weak
 New technologies of globalization
 SOCIO-CULTURAL, ECONOMIC AND
POLITICAL ISSUES ON GLOBALIZATION
 3. Political Issues
 • Constraint on national/state policy
 • Economic coordination and exchange
 • Global conflict
 • Crime
 • Terrorism
 • Environmental issues
 GLOBAL EDUCATION
 Globalization has a close relation with education. As education has an important place
in shaping a society, globalization has to be connected with education and the global
activities have a deep impact on it.
 Global education emphasizes the unity and interdependence of human society,
developing a sense of self and appreciation of cultural diversity, affirmation of social
justice and human rights, as well as building peace and actions for a sustainable future
in different times and places.
 GLOBAL EDUCATION
 Global education promotes positive values and assists students to take responsibility for
their actions and to see themselves as global citizens who can contribute to a more
peaceful, just and sustainable world.

GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT TO EDUCATION

• Needed reforms within the educational system

• The fall out of globalization
WHAT ARE THESE NEEDED REFORMS IN
EDUCATION?
1. Content of Education
A. Curriculum Up-gradation- the modern advances in information technology
have revolutionized among others, the content of knowledge and the process of
educational transaction.
B. Productivity Orientation- the basic objective of globalization is to enhance
productivity and to make the educational system an instrument in preparing students
who can complete in the world markets as productive members of the society.
WHAT ARE THESE NEEDED REFORMS IN
EDUCATION?
2. The Fall out of Globalization
A. Internationalization of education – This has become a worldwide
phenomenon because of the entry World Trade Organization (WTO) and the inclusion
of educational services under the General Agreement on Trade and Services (GATS)
which has given a boost to the internationalization of higher education.
B. Finance-related issues– In order to be a part of global configuration, the
requirement of funds for social services including education win increase manifold.
C. Privatization of secondary and higher education– As a corollary to the
suggestions about reducing public investment in secondary and higher education, a
plea has been made to hand over these sectors to private bodies.
 IMPACT ON EDUCATION
• It will mean or more competitive and deregulate educational system.
• With more pressure on it to assure that the next generation of workers are prepared
for some amorphous job market of 21st century.
• Educational system will increasingly provide the sites of struggle over the meaning
and power of national identity and a national culture.
 POSITIVE IMPACT
• It has created opportunities for studying in foreign universities.
• It has created thousands of options for selecting a course.
• It has made it possible for a student from an underdeveloped country to get admitted in
advanced institution in a developed country.
• It has made it possible for exchanging the resources internationally.
• It has opened a vast world of career all over the world.
• It has introduced a different curriculum on the basis of comparative studies all over the
world like language across curriculum, flipped classroom etc.
• It has made it possible to attend a class given by an expert in other side of the globe
through online classes.
 EDUCATION IN THE NEW MILIEU
Information and communication Technology and Education Technology has allowed
individuals to obtain, assemble, analyzed, and communicate information in more
detail at a much faster pace than ever before.

According to Bruer (1993), learners must rise above the rote, factual level to begin
to think critically and creatively. These increased demands dictate changes in the
way teachers interact with the students.
 EDUCATION IN THE NEW MILIEU
Increasing access through distance learning. Enabling a knowledge network for
students. Training teachers. Broadening the availability of quality education materials.
Enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of educational administration and policy.
Teachers and students exploring the internet’s educational possibilities are termed
“internauts” trailblazers on this new educational frontier not limited by distance or
national boundaries.
 EDUCATION IN THE NEW MILIEU
Education and Industry “Jobs and skills should match.” One of the deterrents in
finding a job is the mismatch of skills possessed by the graduated and the
requirements of the job. The basic features of the system are as follows: Students and
trainees acquire technical and vocational skills from TESDA registered programs in
schools and training centers, public and private. After the training, the graduates apply
for jobs and get employed.
 ASSIGNMENT 16 WEEK 16
 Week 16:
 Create your Poster! Create a multi-color hand-drawn poster about the impact of
globalization to education.