Liquid Crystal

Formation/Characteristics/Types/Uses of
Liquid Crystal

Bishesh Marasini
  The phase which is intermediate of solid and liquid and which
has properties in between true crystalline solid and true liquid
(clear liquid) is called liquid crystal.

Definitions
  In 1888 AD Austrian Botanist Fredrich Rinitzer when he was
researching on plants he need to heat Cholesteryl-Benzoate and

Formations when temperature reaches to 145 degree Celsius it changes to

Milky liquid and again when temperature reaches 179 degree
Celsius it changes to transparent liquid.
 PROPERTIES OF LIQUID CRYSTALS LIKE SOLIDS
 Orderly arrangement of particles.

Properties PROPERTIES OF LIQUID CRYSTALS LIKE LIQUIDS

 Fluidly
 Viscosity
 Surface tension
Note: Liquid crystals (LCs) are matter in a state which
flows like a liquid but has some degree of ordering in
the arrangement of its molecules.
 Nematic Liquid Crystals
(LCs)
Smectic Liquid Crystals
Types (LCs)
Cholesteric Liquid Crystals
(LCs)
Nematic Liquid
Crystals(LCs)  Thread like
 No positional order
 Point in same order
 Vertically
 No particular order
Mostly used in LCD screens
Sematic Liquid
Crystals (LCs)  Soap like
 Molecules maintain orientation order
 Layered Structure
 Degree of translation order
 Cholestric
liquid
crystals (LCs)  Shows properties of both Nematic and Smectic Liquid Crystals (LCs).
 Layered Structure
 Molecules maintain orientation order in a layer.
 This types of liquid crystal also has characteristics of changing color when it is
exposed to different temperatures.
 It is for this reason that cholesteric liquid crystal is used common household
items such as thermometers.
  It is used in telescope lenses to clear image
 It is used in TV or Computer displays (LCD)
 It is used in thermometers
 It is used in calculators
Applications
 It is used in digital watches
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