Classification of Lipids

DERIVED LIPIDS
Derived lipids

Hydrolysis
 product of simple and compound lipids is
called derived lipids.
They include fatty acid, glycerol, sphingosine and steroid
derivatives.
Steroid derivatives are phenanthrene structures that are
quite different from lipids made up of fatty acids.
They are compounds, which are derived from lipids or
precursors of lipids.
STEROIDS AND STEROLS

 Steroids:are lipids because they are hydrophobic and

insoluble in water,
.
 Sterols: If the steroids contains one or more hydroxyl group it
is commonly known as sterols
 Cholesterol is the most common steroid and is the precursor
to vitamin D, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, aldosterone,
cortisol, and bile salts.
LIPID CLASSIFICATION
 CHOLESTEROL
CHOLESTEROL

 Most abundant animal sterol.

 Major component of cell membrane and lipoprotein.
 Precursor of bile salts, steroid hormones and vitamin D3.
 Major constituent of gall stones and Pathological role in heart
diseases
CLASSIFICATION

Simple lipid Compound lipid Derived lipid

 Ester of fatty acids.  Ester of fatty acids  Composed of
 Fats : Ester of fatty and alcohol. hydrocarbon ring
acids and glycerol.  Contain other groups and along
 Waxes: Esters of long also. hydrocarbon side
chain fatty acids and chain.
long chain alcohols.

• Soap • Detergent
 are sodium or potassium salts of fatty  are synthetic cleaning agents. E.g. sodium
acids. lauryl sulphate.
 produced by saponication of fats.  Detergents are superior in their cleaning
action compared to soaps
 Sodium soaps are hard that result in
 used in washing clothes and tooth paste.
bar soaps.
 Disadvantage: pollute soil and water
 Soaps serve as cleaning agents since
they can emulsify oil and remove the
dirt