IMPS College Of Engineering & Technology

Topic Name- Over Reinforcement

Section

ALTAB HOSSAIN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
3RD Year, 5th Semester
Roll no- 17001321030
What is Beam?
A Beam is any structural member which
resists load mainly by bending. Therefore
it is also called flexural member. Beam
may be singly reinforced or doubly
reinforced.
Types of Beam Section:
The Beam section can be following types:

1) Balanced Section.

2) Unbalanced Section.
 a) Under Reinforced Section.
 b) Over Reinforced Section.
Over reinforced section:
In an over reinforced section the percentage of
steel provided is greater than the balanced
section. So the actual neutral axis shift downward
i.e., n>nc. In this section, stress in concrete
reaches its permissible value while steel is not
fully stressed. Concrete is brittle and it fails by
crushing suddenly. As steel is not fully utilized,
the over reinforced section is uneconomical (steel
is much costlier than concrete). 
The various features of over reinforced section
are :
(i) Concrete is fully stressed while steel is not
(i.e., the stress in concrete is at its permissible
value σcbc but stress in steel is less than σst).
(ii) The actual neutral axis is below the critical
neutral axis i.e., n > nc.
(iii) The percentage of steel is more than the
balanced section, so the section is uneconomical.
(iv) Sudden failure.
Difference between Over reinforced and Under reinforced RCC Beam.
UNDER REINFORCED SECTION:
Reinforcement available in the beam is less than that of a balanced
section, i.e Xu < Xumax .
Failure is in steel ,causes a ductile failure and gives clear warning
before failure.
Most of the practical sections are under reinforced sections.
Failure is by primary tension.
OVER REINFORCED SECTION:
Steel in the section is more than that of required for a balanced
section, i.e Xu > Xumax.
Failure is in concrete , causes a brittle/sudden failure without any prior
warning
As per Limit state method of design of over reinforced sections should
be avoided
Thank You