A REVIEW OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF

ONION OIL EXTRACT AGAINST FUNGI

PATHOGEN

SALAUDEEN RUKAYAT OPEYEMI

20HSM099

SUPERVISED BY: MR. OLUFEMI S.O

 INTRODUCTION

• Plant diseases can be divided conveniently into

those caused by parasitic microorganisms or

pathogens, and non-parasitic diseases or

disorders.

• The major groups of plant pathogens are fungi,

bacteria, viruses, and nematodes. (Persley 1993)

 INTRODUCTION (contd…)

• In recent years, a large number of synthetic

pesticides has been banned in the Western world

because of their undesirable attributes (Strange

1993).
 OBEJCTIVES

• To review in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial

efficacy of plant extracts and oils on fungal.

• To compare the antifungal efficacy of natural

plant-derived products with that of synthetic,

commercial fungicides.
 PLANT EXTRACTS AND OILS

• These purposes vary from the use of rosewood

and cedar wood in perfumery, to flavouring

drinks with lime, fennel or juniper berry oil,

• The application of lemon grass oil for the

preservation of stored food crops. (Hammer et

al. 1999)
 SYNTHETIC FUNGICIDES

• It inhibits mitochondrial respiration in fungi

(Anonymous 2003c). It is active on all four

classes of fungi that attack crops.

• It is registered for use on more than 80 crops in

85 countries worldwide.
 EXTRACTION METHODS

• EXPRESSION

Advantage
• Low cost

• simple

Disadvantage
• - High energy

• - Long time
EXTRACTION METHODS (contd..)

Source: Carlisle, D.J., 2010

 EXTRACTION METHODS (contd..)

• Distillation

Distillation is a method of separating mixtures

based on differences in their volatilities in a
boiling liquid mixture.
EXTRACTION METHODS (contd..)

Source: Edman, M. M. ., 2010

 EXTRACTION METHODS (contd..)

• Hydrodistillation

Advantage

• Easy separation

Disadvantage

• Combustion of the sample

• Degradation of volatile compound

EXTRACTION METHODS (contd..)

Source: Black, J.G. 2009

 CONCLUSION

• Cinnamon oil and clove oil have been reported

as fungicidal against C. musae, L. theobromae,

and F. proliferatum by Ranasinghe et al. (2002),

• Eucalyptus oil and lemon grass oil were reported

to inhibit mycelial growth of Didymella

bryoniae.
 RECOMMENDATION

• From the results it recommend that ethanol

extractions should be more efficient in inhibiting

spore germination of fungi than water

extractions.

• The lower inhibition effect of water extractions

was also shown by Cohen et al. (2003).

THANK YOU