Tank Gauging & Custody Transfer Metering

Tank Gauging &
Custody Transfer
Metering
Presentation By Yagnesh Ponkia

CES Instrumentation
Reliance Industries Ltd
Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst
Tank Gauging System

Types Of Tanks
 Cone Roof Tank (With or W/O N2 purging)
 Open Floating Roof Tank
 Internal Floating Roof Tank. (With N2 Purging)
 Dome Roof Tank
 Sphere
 Horizontal ( Bullet )
Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 3

Types Of Tanks
Cone Roof Open Floating Internal Floating

Roof Tank Roof Tank
Horizontal
Dome Roof Sphere 4

Types Of Tanks At Jamnagar
 Internal Floating roof (for high vapour pressure)
with N2 blanket (for toxic & flammable liquid) –
for custody transfer - 1C
 Internal Floating roof with N2 blanket (For Toxic
& flammable liquid) – Not for Custody transfer -
1N
 Cone roof (Atmospheric pressure ) with N2
blanket - for custody transfer - 2C
 Cone roof with N2 blanket – Not for custody
transfer - 2N

Types Of Tanks At Jamnagar
 Cone roof Custody transfer - 3C
 Cone roof not for Custody transfer - 3N
 Open Floating roof for custody transfer -4C
 Open Floating roof not for custody transfer -4N
 Sphere - SC

Level / Ullage
S afe F illing hight
P roduct surface U llage
D atum P la te Innage

ATG Objective (1)
Raw parameter measurements in tank
 Level
 Temperature
 Hydrostatic Pressure
 Static Pressure
 Water bottom

ATG Objective (2)
Calculated Tank Inventory
 Gross volume @ amb.
 Net Volume @ amb.
 Net standard volume @ 15 deg C.
 Mass
 Ullage

Types of Tank gauging
 Servo
 Hydrostatic
 Radar

Servo gauges
 Static force transducer, which
continuously measures the
weight of the displacer,
controlling the position of a
grooved drum
 Density and interface

measurement (for clean
products only)
 Specialized maintenance
required.

Hydrostatic tank gauges
 Hydrostatic pressure,
measured near the bottom of
the tank.
 Direct innage
measurement
 No standpipe required
 No moving parts
 Accurate direct mass

measurement ( + 0.1%) c
 Density = (P1 - P2) / H

 L = C + [ P1 / Density ]

Radar type level transmitter.
 The time delay between a
transmitted and reflected
microwave signal is used to
measure the distance
between the gauge and the
liquid surface.
 D = t/2c
Where: t = time of flight &
c = speed of light (c =
186,000 miles/sec )
 No moving parts
 No contact with the liquid
 High level accuracy of +/- 1
mm

Radar - The Method FMCW

Radar – for Tank Gauging
 Refineries  Pipeline terminals
 Independent tank  Petrochemical
terminals industry
 Marketing terminals  Liquefied gas
terminals
 Airports

Tank dipping
 It is performed by lowering a
tape covered with paste
through the dip pipe of the
tank and determining the
ullage on basis of the location
of the colour change of the
paste.
 Accuracy at best +/- 2 mm

which is twice as inaccurate
as the other tank gauging
methods.
Reliance ATG System
Supplied by : M/S SAAB, Sweden.
Indian Representative : M/S Jost Eng.

Pune.
Consultant : Bechtel Ltd.

SAAB - Pioneers in Radar Tank
Gauging
...Saab Rosemount
 30 years experience in Radar Level Gauging
 Radar for every tank and product
 Largest number of accuracy approvals
 Largest installed base of Radar Tank Gauges

Large Installed Base

Why Saab Was Selected
 No Moving Part
 Proven Radar Technique-can Be Used For White

& Black Oils With Different Gauge Head.
 Meeting Custody Transfer Requirements
 Proven For Interfacing With Foxboro.

SAAB System Components
 Radar Level Gauge
 Multi Spot Temperature Probe
 Single Spot Temperature Probe
 Bottom Water Level Probe
 Vapour/N2 Pressure Transmitter
 Hydrostatic Pressure Transmitter
 Data Acquisition Unit
 Independent Display Unit
 Field Communication Unit
 Field Bus Modem
 OPI Station - HMI
Rex, Custody Transfer Accuracy

Saab TankRadar
1 LNE, France
2 PTB, Germany
3 NMi, Netherlands
4 OIML, International
5 TankRadar
API +- 1/8”

Radar Tank Gauges

Horn Antenna Gauge – RTG 2920/3920
 Fixed roof tanks
 Clean products
 Small tank nozzles,
8” or larger
 Easy installation on
tanks in operation
 No maintenance

Parabolic Antenna Gauge – RTG 2930/3930
 Excellent for heavy products
 Fixed roof tanks

 All types of products
 Custody transfer accuracy
 Close to the tank wall
 No maintenance

Reliable antennas for heavy duty service
Rough environments!
After four months in a Sulphur tank
Exposed to asphalt heated to 230°C

Still Pipe Gauge – RTG 2940/3950
 Floating roof tanks
 External / Internal floaters
 Installed on existing still pipe
 Unaffected by rust and
deposits on the still pipe
 5”, 6”, 8”, 10” & 12” pipes

Still pipe gauge – 3950 in Floating roof
tank

LPG / LNG Gauge – RTG 2960/3960
 LPG and LNG
 Sphere and Bullet Tanks
 150 – 600 PSI
 All serviceable parts
outside the tank

Power Supply to REX
 100 - 240 VAC
 Low voltage version:
 34 - 70 AC
 48 - 100 VDC
 Easy start up
 Easy commissioning
 Easy to connect to existing systems

REX INPUT's and OUTPUT's Overview

Accuracy
 Level :- +/- 1 mm
 Bottom Water Level :- +/- 3 % Of Full Range.
 Temperature :- +/- 0.1 Deg C
 Hydrostatic Pressure:- +/- 0.1 % Of Full Scale
 Static Pressure:- +/- 0.1 % Of Full Scale

SAAB System configuration

Redundant System

Emulation – Control Room Connectivity

Calibration Guidelines
Do not calibrate when
 The tank is emptying or filling
 Agitators are running.
 When there is windy condition.
 When there is foam on the surface.

Custody Transfer
Metering System

Purpose
CTM system can be used for
 Receipt of Raw materials
 Sale of products / by-products to external
customers
 Transfer between legal entities within the
complex
 Metering for customs & excise payments

CTM Requirements
 This metering metering should be acceptable to
--W&M authority of the country
--And product buyer / Seller
 Flow metering shall be done as per acceptable

international standards e.g., API manual of
Petroleum measurement standards

Locations of CTM
CTM Plant1 CTM Plant2

Company A Company B
CTM Gantry
Ship Rail/Road
loading loading

CTM Requirements
 Provision for inline validation/proving of the flow
meters
 Verification of the complete system against

standard instead of electronics/sensor calibration
only as in case of ordinary flow meters.

CTM Requirements
A reliable flow measurement system should consist
of
 Accurate flow meters with pressure, temperature

and density compensation
 Tantalization of the flow over a period of time/in a

batch - gross volume, gross standard volume,
gross mass

Custody Transfer Measurements
Following type of flow meters/systems have been
accepted as suitable for custody transfer
metering by the oil & gas industry based on their
performance, accuracy, repeatability and
reliability:
(1) Mass Flow meters

(2) Turbine Meters
(3) Positive Displacement Meters
(4) Ultrasonic Meters
(5) Automatic Tank Gauging

Turbine meter
 More compact then
other meters.
 Widely accepted for

Custody transfer.
 Greater maximum flow

range for low viscous
refined products.

Turbine meter
 Requires straight run
or straightening
vanes.
 Relatively high
pressure drop /
cavitations.

Positive Displacement meters
 measures the flow of
the fluid directly.
 It sweeps out a known

volume every cycle
and therefore the flow
is this volume
multiplied by the
cycles per second.
wheels

Positive Displacement meters
 Very good Linearity.
 No straight run or
straightening vanes.
 Good for heavy viscous

products.
wheels

Ultrasonic Flow meter
 Based on difference in
transit-time method.
 New technology.
 Viscosity independent.
 No filter / strainers
required.

Ultrasonic Flow meter
 Requires straight run.
 Large sizes available.
 Suitable for Bi-directional

flow.

Coriolis Mass Flow meter
 Works on Newton’s
second low of motion.
a = m / Fe
 Measures mass,
volume, density &
temp. w/o secondary
instrumentation.

Coriolis Mass Flow meter
 High accuracy,
repeatability and
turndown.
 Limited to 6” meter
size.
 Sensitive to pipe
geometry & vibration.

CTM System at Reliance
Supplied by : M/S Smith Meters, USA.

Meter Run & Skid
 At Reliance, 32 no of Metering Skid located in
four different areas.
 Meter Run
A Pipe line consisting of custody meter & its
associated equipments.
 Metering Skid
Group of meter runs called metering skid.
One skid can have up to six meter runs
RPL
HNHU & PLATFORMER AY
231
001
PLATFORMATE
10"
SPM
RW
Px-8" 631
117
RIL
RW
PROPYLENE-8" 631
118
RW
611
103
FO-10"
RPL RTF
MM
812
102
PX-16"
MM
RW
611
102
crude-30" 813
104
PCN-24"
RW
611
101
crude-30"
MM
813
24" Dis. 111
MM
813
102 gaso-24"
JETTY
MM
813
113
kero-24"
MM
814
12" LPG 101 MM
813 hsd/sko-24"
112
LPG
MX.-6" RW MM
Methanol 611
104 8" LAB k 813
109
MM
12" RFG 813
101
HSD-16"
OX-8"
MTF
10" RS
6" 652
080
Bz-8" 10" A.R.Napt.
MM
813
106
RS RS MM
652
100
651
085
813
114
disl-24"
RS
651
RS
651 18"
095 080 14"
10"
RS
652 14" MM
095
p.c.nap.-14" 12" p.c.naptha
813
105
RRTF
RS
652 MM
090 URG-10" URG 813
107
RS
MM
651
090 PX-6" PX 812
101
JKPL
RS
652 MM
085 sko-8" sko 813
110
RS
652 MM
065 ATF-8" ATF 813
108
NOTE:- Indicates Bidirectional Meter
Indicates Unidirectional Meter
FISCAL METERING SKIDS DATE:-08/09/97

System Configuration
DCS - Custody Transfer M etering System Interface block diagram
FOX-IA DCS SYSTEM
PCC
A W -51 WP
MODBUS
IN T-3 0
R S 422 R edundant
PIB
S up erviso ry S up e rviso ry
C o m p ute r C o m puter
S M IT H S M IT H
TO O TH ER P R O V ER C OMP U TE R W ITH IN
S A ME P IB
S M ITH CO N TR O L P AN E L SK ID -2 SK ID -n
S KID-1
GE O P ROV GE O PR OV
G EO P RO V
M1 M2 M3
FLO W CO M P U TE R FLO W CO M P U TE R FLO W C O MPU TER
(G EO flow) (G EO flow) (GE O flow)
S KID M E TER RU N FIELD IN S TR U M EN TS

P R OV ER INS TRU M EN TS FIELD
Design Philosophy
 No bypass arrangement of Skid.
 N+1 meter run for stand-by & master meter.
 Individual Flow computer / meter run.
 Individual Prover computer / Skid
 Redundant Supervisory computer / PIB.
 Online density measurement

Metering skids with Reliance
• Two Meter run with Portable prover
• Two Meter run with Fixed Prover
• Three meter run with Portable prover.
• Three Meter run with Fixed Prover

Accuracy / Repeatability
• Over all Skid
• Accuracy: +/- 0.25 %
• Repeatability : +/- 0.02 %
• Turbine Meter
• Accuracy: +/- 0.15 %
• Repeatability : +/- 0.02 %
• Density Meter
• Accuracy : 0.0001 g/cc
• Fixed volume prover
• Accuracy: +/- 0.02 %
Equipments Associated with a
metering skid
Each meter run consists of
 Flow computer
 Strainer
 Flow straightener
 Turbine flow meter
 Flow control valve
 Pressure Transmitter/Gauge
 Temperature Transmitter/Gauge
 O/L MOV, Prover I/L MOV
 Air eliminator

Smith CTM Skid

Equipments Associated with a
metering skid
Common equipments for each skid
 Density Meter with pump for constant
flow/pressure
 Prover Computer
Sets of metering skids are monitored/

controlled by
 Redundant Supervisory Computers

Flow Computers
 GEOFLOW
– All process parameters related to a meter run
are routed to Flow computer
– Calculates gross & net volumes
– Calculate Mass flow
– Alarm indication
– Link to prover computer

Flow Computers
 GEOPROV
• Performs proving & Calculates meter factor
• Alarm indication
• MOV control
• Communication with Supervisory computer
• All flow computers for a metering skid
communicate to prover computer
• All process parameters related to prover are
routed to prover computer

Flow Computers
Supervisory Computer
• Rate control at start-up, shutdown & during
loading
• Flow balancing of multiple meter runs
• Reports
• Diagnostics
• RS-485/422 link to DCS / OMIS
• Continuous updating of offline computer

References
 As per Bechtel Specification
 Confirm to
– API - Ch.5/Sec.5.3 - for “ Metering of liquid
hydrocarbons by turbine meters
– API - Ch.4 for “ Proving system”

CTM Calibration
In-line calibration method
• In-line calibration method is usually applied for

the calibration of custody transfer meters without
disturbing the product flow to/from units,
buyer/seller
• Calibration shall be done at the conditions same

as at the time of product flow i.e., same
temperature/ pressure/density/flow rate

CTM Calibration
Off-line calibration method
• Custody Transfer flow meter removal &

calibration at FCRI.

Terminal Automation
System Gantry
Supplied by : M/S Hoffer

Components
 Batch Control Unit
 Filter/strainer with air eliminator
 Flow meter
 Digital set-stop valve
 Temperature Transmitter
 Over-fill switch
 Earthing Relay

Meter Factor ( MF )
 Reference API Chapter 12.2
 Meter calibrated against a reference called
Prover
 MF ratio of Prover to Metered volume
 Metered volumes compensated or corrected for
pressures and temperatures on steel ( 1,3 ) and
liquid ( 2,4 )
 MF may be re defined as follows:
[ V * C1 * C2 * C3 * C4 ]P
MF = --------------------------------
[ V * C1 * C2 * C3 * C4 ]M
CTM Provers

Prover
 It is an equipment used for complete calibration
of Custody transfer meter runs.
 Types of Prover
– Tank Prover
– Pipe Prover
– Master Meter
– Small Volume Prover ( SVP )

Reliance Provers
 Bi-Directional Conventional ( fixed volume)
prover
• Fixed
• Portable
 Master Meter Proving
 Tank Prover for Gantry meters

Tank Prover

Bi-Directional Pipe Prover
Positive Displacement Bi-directional BAll Prover
Detector # 1
4-WAy Valve
Detector # 2
Inflatable Sphere
Pulse Counter
Meter Under Test



Prover Sphere

Provers with Reliance
Fixed prover for Raw materials
Crude
IFO
Methanol
Portable Prover
Diesel / kerosene
Naphtha / Gasoline
Aromatics
Aviation Turbine Fuel
LPG / Propylene Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 82
Master Meter Prover
 Reference API Chapter 4.5
 Indirect method of proving
 Any existing meter with same or better accuracy,
can be used as a master meter and dedicated to
proving service only – used infrequently resulting
in less wear & tear
 Operates in series with custody meter and shall
give gross volumes without corrections
 A minimum of two minutes flow and 10,000 pulse
output from meter is desired

Prover calibration
Proving Of Prover
• W & M Approved Third party
• Once in 3 years for portable provers and once

in 5 years for fixed provers
• Reliance proved its provers in Jan 2005 by

Shell Global Solutions, Malaysia.

Custody Transfer Meter certification
 Approval required for each meter run once in a
year
 W&M Inspector visit the site, check the

calibration & stamp on the flow meter.

Calibration
 Vendor’s master prover is proved by water draw
method
 Vendor’s master meter is proved against master
prover at site
 Client’s prover is proved against vendor’s master
meter
Based on
Once a Frequently Once in 3/5 Once in site
year at Client’s years year experience
site
Water Vendor Vendor Client’s Client’s Client’s
Draw Prover MM Prover MM Meter

ATG Vs CTM
 When factors, such as capital costs and
operating expenses, are weighed, tank gauging
may be a better choice for large displacements
as the errors are within the limitations.
 However for small displacements Custody flow

metering with compensation is better solution.

End Of Presentation
Thanks for the listening ears.


Tank Gauging & Custody Transfer Metering

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Tank Gauging &

Presentation By Yagnesh Ponkia

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 3

Cone Roof Open Floating Internal Floating

Dome Roof Sphere 4

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 5

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 6

P roduct surface U llage

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 7

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 8

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 9

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 10

 Density and interface

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 11

 Accurate direct mass

 Density = (P1 - P2) / H

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 12

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 13

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 14

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 15

 Accuracy at best +/- 2 mm

Supplied by : M/S SAAB, Sweden.

Indian Representative : M/S Jost Eng.

Consultant : Bechtel Ltd.

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 18

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 19

 Proven Radar Technique-can Be Used For White

 Meeting Custody Transfer Requirements

 Proven For Interfacing With Foxboro.

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 20

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 22

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 23

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 24

 Fixed roof tanks

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 25

After four months in a Sulphur tank

Exposed to asphalt heated to 230°C

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 26

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 27

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 28

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 29

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 30

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 31

 Bottom Water Level :- +/- 3 % Of Full Range.

 Temperature :- +/- 0.1 Deg C

 Hydrostatic Pressure:- +/- 0.1 % Of Full Scale

 Static Pressure:- +/- 0.1 % Of Full Scale

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 32

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 33

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 34

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 35

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 36

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 38

 Flow metering shall be done as per acceptable

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 39

CTM Plant1 CTM Plant2

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 40

 Verification of the complete system against

Prepared by Yagnesh Ponkia CES Inst 41

 Accurate flow meters with pressure, temperature

 Tantalization of the flow over a period of time/in a