SCIENCE 7

SOLUTIONS

JEAN MARIE A. TUBAY

Subject Teacher
 are *Solute
composed-- of
*Solvent

*Solid
SOLUTION Maybe in
any 3 forms-- *Liquid
S *Gas
*Nature Of Solute
Have solubility *Nature Of Solvent
that is affected by *Temperature
*Pressure
 *Dilute Or Concentrated
Maybe *Unsaturated, Saturated or
described as Supersaturated

* %weight
SOLUTION Are expressed in * % volume
* % weight/
S volume

• Conductivity
Have physical • Colligative
properties such as Properties
 SOLUTION
•SOLUTION is used in chemistry to
describe a system in which one or
more substances are homogeneously
mixed or dissolved in another
substance.
 SOLUTION- COMPOSED OF
•SOLUTE is a component that is
dissolved or usually the least abundant
components.
•SOLVENT is the dissolving agent or
the most abundant component in the
solution.
 TYPES OF SOLUTION
•SOLID SOLUTION often called alloys.
•LIQUID SOLUTION the solvent is usually
water-universal solvent; gas can dissolve in
liquids to make a liquid solution ex. Soda
•GAS SOLUTION ex. Carbon dioxide +
nitrogen= air
 EXPERIMENT
TIME!
Bring any products found in your kitchen.

Ex. Sugar, soy sauce, salt vinegar and

others
 ASSIGNMENT

•Cooking oil
•Water
•Rubbing alcohol
•Table Salt
•sugar
 SOLUBILITY OF SOLUTIONS

•SOLUBILITY is defined as the

maximun amount of solute that
dissolves in a given amount of solvents.
 SOLUBILITY OF SOLUTIONS
•Terms used to describe solubility of solid in
liquid:
•1. very soluble
•2. moderately soluble
•3. slightly soluble
•4. insoluble
 SOLUBILITY OF SOLUTIONS
•Terms used to describe solubility of solid in
liquid:
•1. miscible-liquid capable of mixing and
forming a solution
•2. immiscible- do not mix to form a
solution
 FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY
•1. nature of solvent
2. nature of solute
3. temperature
•4. pressure
 FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY
•1. NATURE OF SOLUTE and SOLVENT
•Polarity- is the tendency to form
distinctive,opposing charges based on the
orientation of chemical bonds and spatial
structure of the molecule.
•Example: water+oil=X
EXPERIMENT
TIME!
NATURE OF SOLVENT &
SOLUTE
 FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY
•2. TEMPERATURE
•As the temperature increases the solubility
of the oxygen gas in the liquid water
decreases and therefore the gas is released.
•Example: boiling water
EXPERIMENT
TIME!
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE
 FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY
•3. PRESSURE
•William Henry proved that the solubility of a
gas is directly proportional to the partial
pressure. Henry’s Law
•Example: carbonated beverages
 Factors that Affect The Rate at which
Substances Dissolve

•1. PARTICLE SIZE

•The rate of dissolution of small particles is
faster that the large particles.

•Example: coffee or sugar?

 Factors that Affect The Rate at which
Substances Dissolve

•2. AGITATION or STIRRING

•If the mixture is not stirred, the dissolved
solute diffuses very slowly through the
solution.
 Factors that Affect The Rate at which
Substances Dissolve

•3. INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE

•Increasing the temperature speeds up
dissolution because the kinetic energy
increase that cause the particles to break away
rapidly
 Factors that Affect The Rate at which
Substances Dissolve

•4. CONCENTRATION OF THE

SOLUTION
•The rate of dissolution decreases as the
concentration of the solution increases. The
rate slows down as the concentration
approaches saturation point.
THANK
YOU!