FIRST AND SECOND CRUSADE

FIRST CRUSADE
 Leader: Peter the Hermit

 Peter’s“army”: His soldiers were women,

men, and children who were not prepared
for such a long journey
 The fist Crusade was a military success:

 They took the Muslim kingdom by surprise

 The Muslims were too weak to resisit

 By 1099 the crusaders captured Jerusalem and established 4

crusaders states in the Holy Land:

Edessa
Antioch
Jerusalem
Tripoli
JUST BEFORE SECOND CRUSADE
 In 1144, the Muslims counter attacked and conquered the
northern crusader state of Edessa.

 The fall of Edessa alalrmed Europeans.

 The Pope called for the Second Crusade.

SECOND CRUSADE
 The apostle of this Crusade was the monk St. Bernard.
 Leaders: King Louis VII of France and German Emperor
Conrad III.
 King Louis’s wife Eleanor of Aquitine also joined the
Crusade.
OBJECTIVES
 To recover the County of Edessa
 To provide reinforcements to Jerusalem which was in
great danger as most soldiers had died since the First
Crusade.
 To secure the pilgrim pass. http://www.medievality.com/second-crusade.html

 The Second Crusade failed:

 The leaders argued among them.

 They treated the Muslims with disrespect and cruelty.

 They didn’t gain local support.

SALADIN
 Saladin was a great Muslim leader.
 His real name was Salah al-Din Yusuf.

 He united and lead the Muslim world.

 In 1187, he recaptured Jerusalem for the Muslims after

defeating the King of Jerusalem.
 When his soldiers entered the city of Jerusalem, they
were not allowed to kill civilians, rob people or damage
the city. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/Saladin.htm