THEORY OF NEEDS AND

CAREER CHOICE
(NEED THEORY/PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORY)
THE
PROPONENT
ANNE ROE
 THE PURPOSE OF ANNE ROE’S THEORY

 1.To focus on the psychological needs that develop between the

interaction of parent and child as it affects career choice.
 2. To guide by attempts to understand, make meaning of, and utilize
individual motives, purposes and drives to support career
development.
 3. To predict occupational selection based on individual differences,
which are biological, sociological, and psychological.
ROE’S THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Roe’s theory was based on Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy

of needs in the sense that in terms of career choice, lower
order needs take precedence over higher order needs
MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
THEORY OF NEEDS AND CAREER
CHOICE

 States that a person chooses their career based on their interaction

with their parents.
 Roe believed that the way a child interacts with their parents would
lead them to pursue either person-oriented or non-person-oriented
jobs.
 Person-oriented jobs have a high amount of interaction with other
people.
 Non-person-oriented jobs are more independent
PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP
PATTERNS

 1. EMOTIONAL CONCENTRATION ON THE CHILD

 Over-protective Parents: parents who engage in this type of interaction are very
warm, affectionate, caring and also tend to encourage dependence in the child and
restricts curiosity and exploration. The child does not enjoy any privacy because
the parents are over concerned with the child’s well-being.

 (b). Over-demanding Parents: this group of parents requests perfection from the
child, asking for excellent performance and setting high standards of behaviour.
The parents’ love for the child is based on the child’s achievement and
conformity.
PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP
PATTERNS

 2. AVOIDANCE OF THE CHILD

 (a). Rejection Parents: parents in this category may be overly critical of the child or
punish the child excessively. Every little mistake by the child attracts severe
punishment from the parents. However, they only provides for the child’s
physiological needs (food, shelter, clothes etc. ) and safety needs.

 (b). Neglect of the child: parents who adopt this parenting style Ignores the child for
many reasons, such as parents concern with their own problems, other children, or
work. They are cold and show no love. The physical care they provide is minimal.
PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP
PATTERNS

 3. ACCEPTANCE OF THE CHILD.

 a). Causal acceptance Parents: Parents have a low-key attitude, offering minimum
amount of love. The child’s needs are attended to when they are not busy.

 (b). Loving acceptance Parents: Here parents show a warmer attitude toward the child,
while not interfering with the child’s resources by fostering dependency. Parents
encourage independence rather than dependence and do not ignore or reject their child,
creating a relatively tension-free environment. From the above, loving, demanding and
protecting homes would produce children that are person-oriented in occupation (service).
Person-Oriented Job and Non Person-Oriented
Job
CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

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