LAYING THE FOUNDATION

OF THE WESTERN
WORLD
Leader: Jazzmine santos
Members: Kristoffer Nucaza
Reiya Bright
Maria Sheila Alison Manaois
Joey Dulay
THE LEGACY OF
GREECE:DEMOCRACY
 The Legacy of Rome:

■Law and Government

 Geographic setting
Rome is located almost at midpoint of the
Italian peninsula. The Mediterranean Sea
was referred to by the Romans as more
nostrum which means “our sea.
 Early setters
Latins were Indo-Europeans migrated from the northern
stepper of Eurasia around 10000 BCE. They were believed
to be herdsmen and farmer who seemed to have learned the
forging of bronze their tools and weapons. They were said to
have etablished settlements in the Palantine hills along the
Tiber River around 750 BCE. The site on which the Latins
built their communities was eventuallly known as Rome.
Latins were said to be first Romans.
The forum which was originally the marketplace,
became the center of public meetings and discussion.
Roads were built at the bottom of Palantine Hill and the
oldest of which was the Via Sacra. Also, the Roman art
and architecture was greatly influenced by Greek styles
and techniques.
The Etruscans were the third group of
people who settled in Central Italy.
They developed a highly civilized
society.
The Republic (509 - 29 BCE)
Institution of the Family

Family was the basic unit of Roman society which

was basically patriarchal. The father or pater familla,
was head of the family and wielded the patriacia
potestas or the absolute power over its member
including the power over life and death of any
members of his family.
 Social Orders
Roman society by this time have two distinct social order
or classes:
• Patrician order are the only classes who enjoyed
the political rights and the only one who wre allowed
into the senate.
• Pleabeian were the comon people considered free
citizens with the right to vote.
 Early Political Institutions
Rome was ruled by Kings.
They were seven legendary kings who ruled Rome namely:
• Romulus
• Numa Pompilius
• Tullius Hostillus
• Ancus Marcius
• Lucius Tarquinius
• Servius Tullius
• Tarquinius Superbus
The Roman Empire 
■ Roman Empire-was the post-Roman
Republic period of the ancient Roman
civilization, characterized by government
headed by emperors and large territorial
holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in
Europe, Africa and Asia.
There were 2 periods of Roman
government.

- Roman Republic
■ -Roman Empire
Rome technically had an “empire”
under the roman Republic.

■ The term Roman Empire was a period,

beginning with augustus, when rome
was ruled by emperors.
 Octavian becomes Augustus

■ Octavian was sole rule of Rome after his

forces defeated Antony and Cleopatra at the
battle of Actium.
■ The senate gave him the name
AUGUSTUS, Meaning MOST HIGH.
 Consul for life
■Princeps- first citizen
■Imperator- successful general
■Pontifex- chief religious leader
■Tribune
Rome under augustus:
A golden stage
■ 
■ Encourage the growth of business.
■ Establish fire and police department for rome.
■ Built and maintain the empire’s infrastructure.
■ 
Pax Romana – Roman Peace
■ -was the long period of relative peacefulness 
■ -this peace lasted nearly 200 years
■ - more and more provincials were granted
official roman citizenship.
 Roman Emperors After Augustus
The Bad Emperors

■ -Caligula-The mentally disturbed

■ -Nero- Good administrator but vicious
■ - Murdered many
■ - Persecuted Christian
■ -Domitian- Ruled dictatorially
■ -Feared treason everywhere and executed many
 Good emperors
■ Nerva- Began custom of adopting heir
■ Trajan- Empire reached its greatest extent
■ -Undertook vast building program
■ -Enlarged social welfare
■ 3. Hadrian- Consolidated earlier conquests
■ -Reorganized the bureaucracy
■ 4. Antoninus Pius- Reign largely a period of peace and prosperity
■ 5. Marcus Aurelias- Brought empire to height of economic prosperity
■ -• Defeated invaders
■ - Wrote philosophy
The Two Empire

■ Western (Roman) Empire

■ -Ended officially in 476 CE when the last emperor, Romulus augustus,
was deposed by a barbarian, Odoacer.
■ 
■ Eastern (Byzantine) Empire
■ -Lasted until 1453 when the empire was conquered by the Ottoman Turks.
■ 
 Why did Rome fall?

■ •Economic reasons - Gap Between Rich and Poor

■ • Political reasons - Decline patriotism -East/West Split

-No orderly succession

■ • Social reasoning -Population decline - Religious

decision
 THE RISE OF THE
CHRISTIAN CHURCH
■ Start from when the report was still unpopular to how it grew
Filter each idea so they are all concise and direct to the point
Arrange the flow of events so the story moves sequentially
Remember to only use the important information and should be in bulleted list
Eliminate very long paragraphs; you should not let your audience’s attention be diverted from
you
 What is Christianity?
• Christianity is based on the life and
teaching of Jesus Christ.

• It is the world's largest religion, with over

2.4 billion followers, or 33% of the global
population, known as Christians.
 Who started Christianity?
■ It is believed that it is Jesus Christ who started
Christianity after he chose the 12 apostles who
were referred to as "Christians." Jesus was Jewish
and first preached to a Jewish audience before the
gentiles started joining his movement. Typically,
Christianity is based on the life, teaching, death
and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
• Christianity was much more
obvious during the middle ages
in western civilization.
• Art & Architecture were
primarily religious nature.
• Calendar was the liturgical
calendar.
Christianity is a monotheistic
religion derived from Judaism.
3 branches of Christianity

• Orthodox church
• Catholic church
• Protestant church
•St. Paul of Tarsus spread the word
throughout the Roman world.

•During 3rd century, many people converted to

Christianity.

•Late 3rd and early 4th centuries: persecution

of Christians.
 Emperor Constantine
• Before a battle he had a vision instructing him to fight in the name of Christ.

• He won that battle and was appointed as the new Emperor.

• The people said he was favored and guided by God.

• He served in the Church.

• He provided funds for the building of Churches and allowed the spread of Christianity.
■ Christianity spread slowly over the next
two century.

■ By the end of the 4th century,

Christianity was the dominant religion
in the Roman Empire.
One of the main reasons for the success
of Early Christianity was the Christian
emphasis on caring for the sick.
Two vital importance of its success:
Message of love, Forgiveness &
eternal salvation for all people ,
mission of apostles & Christians to
spread