Presentation by Kamila Mahmudova, Jalilova Aydan , Ismayilova Nazrin,

Kazimova Fatima, Yagubov Mahammad, Bayramov Imran, Baylarli Elvin

PAX ROMANA
 1. Discusses What is Pax Romana and Augstus’ role during
this period

2. Discusses The Pax Romana & spread of Roman

civilization

3. Discusses Social Life during Pax Romana

4. Discusses the impact of Pax Romana on Ancient

OUTLINE Rome:Economic Impact

5. Discusses Imports During Pax Romana, and Social and

Impact

6. Discusses Art and Architecture during Pax Romana,

technology, and languages.

7. Discusses Literature, religion, law, and military during Pax

Romana and concludes the speech
 WH AT IS PA X R O MA N A

• The Pax Romana (Roman Peace) was a period of relative

peace and stability across the Roman Empire which lasted
for over 200 years, beginning with the reign of Augustus
(27 BCE - 14 CE).

• The aim of Augustus and his successors was to guarantee

law, order, and security within the empire, even if this
meant separating it from the rest of the world and
defending, or even expanding, its borders through military
intervention and conquest.
 • Augustus expanded the Roman empire up the
Nile, down the Danube and into the Pyrenees
into what is now northern Spain, Switzerland,
Austria, the former Yugoslavia, northern
AUGUSTUS AND PAX Bulgaria, central Turkey and Egypt.
ROMANA
• After nearly three centuries of continuous
warfare, Augustus cut back on imperial
expansion and reduced the army from half a
million men to a quarter of a million men.
 • One of the greatest legacies of the Pax Romana
was the spread of Roman culture to Western
Europe.
• Roman rule in the semi-civilized areas of
T H E PA X R O M A N A & S P R E A D O F Western Europe (Gaul, Britain, and Spain) and
R O M A N C I V I L I Z AT I O N
Augustus' establishment of peace during the
Pax Romana meant that there were Roman
troops permanently stationed in the provinces.
• This helped Romanize and civilize the
provinces in the West in three ways.
 • The quality of life in the Roman Empire
depended upon where one fell within society.
• During the Pax Romana, the wealthy built
huge, lavishly decorated houses and usually
had servants or slaves to tend to their every
PAX ROMANA AND need.
SOCIAL LIFE • The average citizen worked hard and lived
reasonably comfortably in modest housing.
• Despite the riches of the Roman Empire, the
largest class lived in what can only be
described as poverty.
 E C O N O M IC I M PAC T

• -Agriculture and trade trade dominated Roman economic

fortunes .
• While the production and transportation of foods dominated
the trading industry, there was also a vast exchange of other
goods from all parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa .
• Silks from China and the Far East, cotton and spices from
India, Ivory and wild animals from Africa, vast amounts of
mined metals from Spain and Britain, fossilized amber
gems from Germany and slaves from all over the world
discovered that all roads did indeed "lead to Rome” .
 • Romans thrived off of imported goods, and
importers were among the wealthiest citizens
of the Empire.
• The trading of goods for goods barter system
was alive and well in the ancient world, but the
Romans also used one of the world's most
developed coinage systems.
I M P O RT S • Coins of brass, bronze, copper, silver and gold
in the Imperial system were minted and
circulated under strict rules for weights, sizes,
value and metal composition.
• The popularity and value of Roman coins
became so great that they could be found as far
east as India.
 IMPACT OF PAX ROMANA ON
SOCIAL LIFE

- Family was the heart of Roman society; the eldest man, known
as the paterfamilias, or “father of the family” had power to rule
the household, control property, banish family members, etc.
- Women, both rich and poor, were nearly equal the men
- Upper-class women could own property and attended public
baths, plays, and festivals, but still could not vote
- Lower-class women could be weavers, shopkeepers, or
entertainers
- Few children went to school, boys were favored over girls, and
poor children had to work and were generally illiterate
 P O L I T I C A L I M PA C T

• - Augustus stabilized the frontier, glorified Rome with splendid buildings and
created a long-lasting system of government
• - He also set up a civil service, which meant that he paid workers to manage
the affairs of government, such as the grain supply, tax collection, and the
postal system
• - The Senate still functioned, but the civil servants, drawn from plebeians and
former slaves administered the empire
• - The Roman Forum was a central area in which commerce and the
administration of justice took place
 ART/ARCHITECTURE

• Roman buildings combine both Greek and Roman elements

and ideas.
• Roman builders used Greek columns.
• The Romans improved on devices such as the dome and the
arch.
• One of the most amazing features of Roman architecture was
the vaulted ceiling.
• Two of Rome’s most famous buildings erected during the Pax
Romana were the Pantheon and the Colosseum.
• The Pantheon is Rome’s most famous domed structure and is
a magnificent temple to all Rome’s gods.
 TECHNOLOGY

- Aqueducts were designed to

bring water into cities and towns
- Vast network of roads built of
stone, concrete, and sand
 LANGUAGES

• Latin was the official language of Rome

• Latin influenced French, Spanish,
Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian which
became known as the Romance Languages
 • Writers used Roman themes and ideas while
following Greek forms and models

L IT E R AT U R E • Virgil, a poet, wrote The Aeneid, which was a

praise of Rome and Roman virtues; he believed
government was Rome’s most important
contribution to civilization
 • Adopted the Greek gods, but changed their
names
• Most important were Jupiter (Zeus) – father of
the gods, Juno (Hera) – his wife, who watched
over marriage and women, and Minerva
R EL IG IO N (Athena) – goddess of wisdom and war
• Christianity spread throughout the Roman
Empire and eventually became the official
religion
 • All persons had the right to equal treatment
under the law
• A person was considered innocent until proven
guilty
• The burden of proof rested with the accuser,
LAW not the accused
• A person should be punished only for actions,
not thoughts
• Any law that seemed unreasonable or unfair
could be set aside
 E X PA N S I O N O F T H E R O M A N
M I L I TA R Y

• The Roman military's vast power, frequent

travel and expansion were key components
in the spread of the empire's culture to new
peoples and territories.

• The early stages of the Roman republic saw

rapid expansion and repeated military
conquests.
 • The Pax Romana did not mean
Rome was at peace vis-a-vis the
peoples at its borders.
• Peace in Rome meant a strong
CONCLUSION professional army stationed
mostly away from the heart of
the Empire, and instead, at the
roughly 6000 miles of frontiers
of imperial frontier
THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!