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NOCTURNAL PLANTS
These are the plants which start blooming with the slow onset of darkness and are at their peak efflorescence during the dark of night and then,
close by day. Hence, nocturnal plants require sunlight either in part or full amount in the day, to perform efficiently at night. Although nocturnal plants
bloom during night-time, it is during the day that they accumulate the energy that allows them to developflowers at night with immense vigour.
Nocturnal flowering plants prefer to bloom in the night owing to their aversion to bright sunlight. Another reason for their nocturnal status can be
attributed to their pollinators like bats and moths, who are most active during the night.
Nocturnal species are members of the warmer climate as evaporation during night-time ushers in a sedative effect for the plants.

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COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME PICTURE DESCRIPTION

4’Oclock Mirabilis jalapa Four o'clock plants are bushy blooming perineal . These tuberous-rooted plants produce
slightly pointed oval leaves on branching stems. They get their common name because
of the way they bloom. The flowers open in the late afternoon, typically around 4 p.m.
or so, and then remain open until the next morning. The approximately 2-inch-long
blooms are trumpet-shaped with five petals, and they come in several colors, often
shades of pink and red . Some four o’clock plants produce flowers in multiple colors,
sometimes with marbling or other markings. This is a fast-growing plant that often
sprawls in the garden. It’s best planted in the spring.
It's important to note that all parts of four o'clock plants are toxic both to people and
pets.

Evening Primrose Oenothera biennis Oenothera is a genus of about 145 species of herbaceous flowering plants nativeto the
Americas.It is the type genus of the family Onagraceae. Common names
include evening primrose, suncups, and sundrops. They are not closely related to the
true primroses .
The species vary in size from small alpine plants 10 centimeters tall, such as O.
acaulis from Chile, to vigorous lowland species growing to 3 meters, such as O.
stubbei from Mexico. The leaves form a basal rosette at ground level and spiral up to
the flowering stems. The blades are dentate or deeply lobed (pinnatifid). The flowers of
many species open in the evening, hence the name "evening primrose". They may open
in under a minute. Most species have yellow flowers, but some have white, purple,
pink, or red. Most native desert species are white. Oenothera caespitosa a species of
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western North America, produces white flowers that turn pink with age.One of the most
distinctive features of the flower is the stigma, which has four branches in an X shape.
COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME DESCRIPTION PHOTO

Brahma Kamal Saussurea obvallata maybe later already donated close saussurea obvallata is a species of flowering plant
in the asteraceae. it is native to the alpine meadows of the himalayas,
in india, bhutan, nepal, Pakistan and southwest china at altitudes of 3,700 to 4,600 m.
Saussurea obvallata is a perennial growing to 0.3 m (1 ft). The flowers are
hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by insects.
Flowers bloom in mid-monsoon (July–August) amongst the rocks and grasses of the
hillside at an altitudinal range of 3700–4600 m. Flower heads are purple, hidden from
view in layers of yellowish-green papery bracts, which provide protection from the cold
mountain environment. The flowers can be seen from July through September, after
which the above-ground portions of the plant die back, becoming visible again in April.
The Saussurea genus are named for alpine scientist Horace Bénédict de Saussure, while
the specific epithet obvallata is derived from obvallatus, meaning "surrounded by
wall;" in this case the flower's involucriform bracts.

Night Bloom Water Nymphaea nouchali Night blooming waterlilies are a great addition to any medium to large pond. They first
Lily opendusk and close about 9:00 am the next morning. They have a large leaf spread,
with a very strong serration on the leaf outer edge. The water temperature should be at
least 75 degrees F. before they are placed in the pond.
At Bergen Water Gardens we offer the following:

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COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DESCRIPTION PHOTO

Night Gladiolus Gladiolus italicus Gladiolus tristis is a species of gladiolus known by several common names,
including ever-flowering gladiolus and marsh Afrikaner. It is native to southern
Africa, especially South Africa. It is known in parts of Australia and coastal California
as an introduced species. It is sometimes grown as a garden plant . This gladiolus
typically grows one half to one metre in height, but has been known to approach 1.5
metres tall. It grows from a corm one or two centimetres wide. It produces three
narrow, sheathing leaves. The inflorescence is a spike of two to eight large, fragrant
blooms. Each flower has six white or cream tepals with greenish or purplish midlines.
The flowers are said to have a scent similar to carnations and cloves.Not all individuals
possess scent because the allele for its presence is recessive in relation to the allele for
its absence.

Nottinggham catchfly Silene nutants Silene nutans is a diploid, mainly outcrossing, herbaceous, perennial plant . It grows
up to 25–80 centimetres (10–31 in) tall, from a branching, woody stock with a
thick taproot.The lower leaves are up to 75 millimetres (3 in) long, spathulate and have
a long stalk, while leaves higher on the plant are lanceolate , subsessile and acute; all
the leaves are covered in soft hairs.The flowers are 18 millimetres (0.7 in) wide, 12
millimetres (0.5 in) long, and drooping, on short, viscid stalks. The petals are white or
pinkish and divided into two narrow lobes. Each flower remains open for three nights
as a means of preventing self-fertilization ; the flower reveals one whorl of stamens on
the first night, the second whorl of stamens on the second night, and the three styles on
the third night.The seeds are 10–22 millimetres (0.4–0.9 in) wide and kidney-shaped.

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NOCTURNAL BIRD

Not all of our bird life is active when we are. There are a whole suite of birds that only become active once the sun goes down. Nocturnal birds are
elusive, mysterious and often less well understood than their day-active cousins. They are essential regulators of food webs as predators of
mammals, birds, frogs and invertebrates. Adaptations to nocturnal life such as exceptional eyesight, hearing and a good sense of smell, give this
special group of birds unparalleled hunting prowess. As nocturnal birds are cryptic in both plumage and behaviour, they can be difficult to detect.
There are a wide range of different nocturnal birds. Within the owls, there are five masked species belonging to the Tyto genus, and five Ninox or
‘Hawk owl’ species , distinguished by large yellow eyes. Owls hunt with their powerful talons and rip into prey with small curved beaks. We also
have the genus Podargus or ‘Frogmouths’, which differ from Owls in hunting with their big, flat beaks. There is also the genus Eurostopodus and
Caprimulgus or ‘Nightjars’, and the genus Aegotheles or ‘Owlet-nightjar’.  
Then there are also birds like the Bush Stone-curlew and the ever elusive Night Parrot that are nocturnal as well and a range of day-time birds like
Willie Wagtails, Eastern Koels and Masked Lapwings that will also call a lot at night, particularly during their breeding season.

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COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DESCRIPTION PHOTO

NIGHTJAR OR THE CAPRIMULGUS Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal or crepuscular birds in the family


GHOST BIRD ASIATICUS Caprimulgidae  and orderCaprimulgiformes, characterised by long wings, short legs,
and very short bills. They are sometimes called goatsuckers, due to the ancient folk
tale that they sucked the milk from goats (the Latin for goatsucker is caprimulgus),
or bugeaters, their primary source of food being insects. Some New World species are
called nighthawks. The English word "nightjar" originally referred to the European
nightjar.
Nightjars are found all around the world, with the exception of Antarctica and certain
island groups such as the Seychelles. They can be found in a variety of habitats, most
commonly the open country with some vegetation. They usually nest on the ground,
with a habit of resting and roosting on roads.
The subfamilies of nightjars have similar characteristics, including small feet, of little
use for walking, and long, pointed wings. Typical nightjars, though, have rictal bristles,
longer bills, and softer plumage. The colour of their plumage and their unusual perching
habits help conceal them during the day.

BARN OWL TYTO ALBA The barn owl (Tyto alba) is the most widely distributed species of owl in the world and
one of the most widespread of all species of birds, being found almost everywhere in
the world except for the polar and desert regions, Asia north of the Himalayas, most
of Indonesia, and some Pacific Islands. It is also known as the common barn owl, to
distinguish it from the other species in its family, Tytonidae, which forms one of the
two main lineages of living owls, the other being the typical owls (Strigidae).
There are at least three major lineages of barn owl: the western barn owlof Europe ,
western Asia, and Africa; the eastern barn owl of southeastern Asia and Australasia; and
the American barn owl of the Americas. Some taxonomic authorities classify barn owls
differently, recognising up to five separate species; and further research needs to be
done to resolve the disparate taxonomies. There is considerable variation of size and
colour among the approximately 28 subspecies, but most are between 33 and 39 cm (13
and 15 in) in length, with wingspans ranging from 80 to 95 cm (31 to 37 in). TheYour Logo or Name Here 10
plumage on the head and back is a mottled shade of grey or brown; that on the
NOCTURNAL INSECTS AND FISHES
Nocturnal insects are insects that feed and hunt during nighttime. They are active only at night.
They have evolved a remarkable visual ability to navigate at night with their superposition compound eyes.
They are sensitive to light and they move to and from their nest using pre-learned visual landmarks.

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BLACK INDIAN HETEROMERUS Adult specimens grow to a length of 95 to 115 millimeters and a dark reddish-brown to
SCORPION BENGHALENSIS light-brown body color. The combs of the pecten organ have 14 to 17 teeth in both
sexes. The chela, femora, and patella of the pedipalps are narrower and longer in the
males than in the females. The surfaces of the chelae are uneven, but without
pronounced granules and keels. The telson is hairy and spherical, with a poison bladder
that is longer than the stinger.

FIREFLIES PHOTURIS Photuris is a genus of fireflies (beetles of the family Lampyridae). These are the femme
LUCICRESCENS fatale lightning bugs of North America. This common name refers to a behavior of the
adult females of these predatory beetles; they engage in aggressive mimicry, imitating
the light signals of other firefly species' females to attract, kill, and eat the males. Their
flashing bioluminescent signals seem to have evolved independently and
eventually adapted to those of their prey, mainly unrelated Lampyrinae, such
as Photinus (rover fireflies) or Pyractomena.

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COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DESCRIPTION PHOTO

CATFISH CLARIASM Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes  or Nematognathi) are a diverse group


BATRACHUS of ray-finned fish. Named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers,
catfish range in size and behavior from the three largest species alive, the MekonG giant
catfish from Southeast Asia, the wels catfish of Eurasia, and the piraíba of South
America, to detritivores (species that eat dead material on the bottom), and even to a
tiny parasitic species commonly called the candiru, Vandellia cirrhosa. Neither the
armour-plated types nor the naked types have scales. Despite their name, not all catfish
have prominent barbels or "whiskers". Members of the Siluriformes order are defined
by features of the skull and swimbladder. Catfish are of considerable commercial
importance; many of the larger species are farmed or fished for food. Many of the
smaller species, particularly the genus Corydoras, are important in the aquarium hobby.
Many catfish are nocturnal, but others (many Auchenipteridae) are crepuscular
or diurnal (most Loricariidae or Callichthyidae, for example)

INDIAN MOOM MOTH ACTIAS SELENE Actias selene, the Indian moon moth or Indian luna moth, is a species of saturniid
moth from Asia. It was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1807. This species is popular
among amateur entomologists and is often reared from eggs or cocoons that are
available from commercial sources. They fly mainly at night.

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NOCTURNAL REPTILES
There are both diurnal (day-active) and nocturnal (night-active) reptiles: most turtles and tortoises are active during
the day, but snakes and lizards may be active during night or day depending on species. Which one may be best for
you depends primarily on your lifestyle

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COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DESCRIPTION PHOTO

COMMON HOUSE HEMIDACCTYLUS The common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus) is a gecko native to South and
GECKO FERNATUS Southeast Asia. It is also known as the Asian house gecko, Pacific house gecko, wall
gecko, house lizard, tayoto, chipkali or moon lizard.
Most geckos are nocturnal, hiding during the day and foraging for insects at night.
They can be seen climbing walls of houses and other buildings in search of insects
attracted to porch lights, and are immediately recognisable by their characteristic
chirping.

SATOURA LEOPARD EUBLEPHARIS Eublepharis satpuraensis, sometimes called the Satpura leopard gecko is
GECKO SATPURAENSIS a gecko endemic to central Indian states of Madhya Pradesh , Maharashtra
and Chhattisgarh.

The new species is named after the Satpura Hills in central India, where the type
locality is located.

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NOCTURNAL ANIMALS AND SPECIAL SENSES
Nocturnality is an animal behavior characterized by being active during the night and sleeping during the day. The common adjective is "nocturnal",
versus diurnalmeaning the opposite.
Nocturnal creatures generally have highly developed senses of hearing, smell, and specially adapted eyesight. Some animals, such as cats and ferrets, have eyes that
can adapt to both low-level and bright day levels of illumination (see metaturnal). Others, such as bushbabies and (some) bats, can function only at night. Many
nocturnal creatures including tarsiers and some owls have large eyes in comparison with their body size to compensate for the lower light levels at night. More
specifically, they have been found to have a larger cornea relative to their eye size than diurnal creatures to increase their visual sensitivity: in the low-light
conditions. Nocturnality helps wasps such as Apoica flavissima, avoid hunting in intense sunlight.
Diurnal animals, including squirrels and songbirds, are active during the daytime. Crepuscular species, such as rabbits, skunks, tigers, and hyenas, are often
erroneously referred to as nocturnal. Cathemeral species, such as fossas and lions, are active both in the day and at night.

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SLOTH BEAR MELURSUS URSINUS The sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) is a myrmecophagous bear species native to


the Indian subcontinent. It feeds on fruits, antsand termites. It is listed as vulnerable on
the IUCN Red List, mainly because of habitat loss and degradation.
It has also been called "labiated bear" because of its long lower lip and palate used for
sucking up insects.[2] It has a long, shaggy fur, a mane around the face, and long,
sickle-shaped claws. It is lankier than brown and Asian black bears. It shares features
of insectivorous mammals and evolved during the Pleistocene from the ancestral
brown bear through divergent evolution.

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Thank You
Kalle Persson
+1 23 987 6554
kalle@email.com
www.fabrikam.com

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