TASK 2

SYED AMAAN ARIZ(RA2011030010078)

DIYA AJITH K(RA2011030010075)
KARTIK KUMAR(RA2011030010098)
ANIMAL HUSBANDARY
 INTRODUCTION
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IS THE BRANCH OF AGRICULTURE CONCERNED
WITH ANIMALS THAT ARE RAISED FOR MEAT, FIBRE, MILK, OR OTHER
PRODUCTS. IT INCLUDES DAY-TO-DAY CARE, SELECTIVE BREEDING, AND
THE RAISING OF LIVESTOCK. HUSBANDRY HAS A LONG HISTORY, STARTING
WITH THE NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION WHEN ANIMALS WERE FIRST 
DOMESTICATED, FROM AROUND 13,000 BC ONWARDS, PREDATING FARMING
OF THE FIRST CROPS. BY THE TIME OF EARLY CIVILISATIONS SUCH AS 
ANCIENT EGYPT, CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS, AND PIGS WERE BEING RAISED
ON FARMS.
Until 1892, there was no Department in the State dealing with matters concerning cattle welfare. There was, however, the Imperial Horse
Breeding Department run by the Inspector-General of Civil Veterinary Department, Government of India with headquarters at Simla.
In1892, the Civil Veterinary Department was constituted in the State to supplement the operations of the Imperial Department and a
Superintendent was appointed under the Director of Land Records and Agriculture with headquarters at Babugarh in District Meerut

Animal Husbandry Department was created in January 1944. Advantage was taken to avail the services of Sir Frank Ware C.I.E., F.R.C.V.S.
retired animal husbandry commissioner with the Government of India to form new
Department of Animal Husbandry in the United Province under his able guidance.

The following subjects were dealt with the Animal Husbandry Department :
Cattle Breeding and Cattle Farms.
Livestock Marketing.
Poultry Farms and Poultry Development.
Cattle shows and exhibitions
Sheep and Goat breeding.
Pig breeding.
Cattle census.
Ghee and Milk schemes.
Fisheries and milk development.
Local purchase of the Army in connection with cattle, goat and sheep

.
EFFECT ON ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
INCREASE PRODUCTION OF MILK, MEAT, EGG, WOOL AND OTHER LIVESTOCK
PRODUCTS THROUGH QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE IMPROVEMENT IN
PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF LIVESTOCK AND THROUGH DISEASE CONTROL
ACTIVITIES.
TO PROVIDE SELF EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY SUBSIDIARY OCCUPATION
AND INCOME TO LARGER SECTION OF POPULATION IN THE RURAL AREAS AS
WELL AS TO ENSURE PROPER AVAILABILITY OF QUALITY ANIMAL PROTEIN
AND NUTRITIOUS DIET.
TO ENCOURAGE OCCUPATIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF PEOPLE.
TO REDUCE THE NUMBER OF NON-DESCRIPT LIVESTOCK POPULATION SO AS
TO REDUCE PRESSURE ON LAND AND FODDER RESOURCES.
CROP PRODUCTION
Uttar Pradesh is situated in northern India. Nepal is International boundary of the state. The state is bordered by Rajasthan to
West, Haryana and Delhi to northwest, Uttarakhand to north, Bihar to east, Jharkhand to south east and Madhya Pradesh to
south west. It covers 93,933 miles (243290 Km2). This is most populous state of India. It is the fifth largest state of India. It
accounts for 6.88 percent of total area of the country. The population of the state was about 200 million as per census of 2011,
which accounted for 16.49 percent of the total population of India. Uttarakhand was also a part of Uttar Pradesh till November,
2000. The state is divided into 4 divisions, namely. Western (30 districts), Eastern (28 districts), Central (10 districts) and
Bumdelkhand (7 districts). At present state has 75 districts, 313 tehsils, 822 blocks and 107452 revenue villages. The state is also
dividend into 9 agro climatic zones, 1. Tarai Region, 2. Western Plain Region, 3. Central Western Region, 4. South Western Region,
5. Central Plain Region, 6. Bundelkhand Region, 7. North Eastern Plain Region, 8. Eastern Plain Region, 9 Vindhyachal Region.

The largest Gangetic plain region is in the north it includes the Ganges, Yamuna, Doab and the Ghaghra plains. The smaller
vindhya range and plateu region is in south. The bhabhar tract gives place to terai area. The terai runs parallel to the bhabhar in a
thin strip. The entire alluvial plain is divided into three sub regions i.e. the eastern tract consisting of 14 districts. The flood and
drought are common phenomena of this tract. The highest density of population is also found in this tract. On account of highest
density of population, the per capita availability of land is very low in comparison to other tracts of the state. The other two
regions i.e. the central and western are comparatively much better and well developed to eastern and Bundelkhand regions. The
irrigation facilities are also well developed in western and central regions. The cropping intensity, production and productivity of
different crops of these two regions are also found much better in comparison to other regions of Uttar Pradesh. The state has
more than 32 large and small rivers, of them, the Ganges, Yamuna, Saraswati, Sarayu, Betwa and Ghaghara are larger rivers of
the state. Lucknow is the capital of Uttar Pradesh, Kanpur is the economic and industrial capital of the state. Varanasi is famous
of banarsi sari and also famous for handicraft goods. Allahabad is most important place for Hindu religion due to confluence of
Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati. Agra is also internationally well recognized for Taj Mahal. Apart from these cities, Shravasti,
Kushinagar, Chitrakoot, Jhansi, Meerut and Mathura are also important cities of the state. Ghaziabad and Noida are also
emerging cities of the state. Agricultural and services industries are most important activities of the state economy.
 MAJOR CROPS GROWN
• The main types of crop in Uttar Pradesh are Rabi crops, Kharif crop, and Zaid crops. These crops are briefly discussed below: Rabi Crops:
These crops are sown in winter season in October to December and harvested in the month of February to April. These crops need less
water and average temperature. Important Rabi crops are wheat, barley, gram, masoor, potato, pulses, etc. Some important rabi crops
are given below:
• Wheat:- It is produced in the largest part of the state in about 24% agricultural land. Uttar Pradesh ranks first in wheat production.
Ganga-Yamuna and Ganga-Ghaghara doab are the largest wheat producing area in which Gorakhpur, Meerut, Bulandshahr, Saharanpur,
Agra, Aligarh, Muzaffarnagar, Moradabad, Kanpur, Etawah, Farrukhabad and Fatehpur are the main producers of wheat. Due to high
rainfall the Eastern and North-Eastern districtsof Uttar Pradesh have low yield of wheat.
• Mustard:- It is the largest growing crop in the state among all the oilseeds crops. Uttar Pradesh is the second largest producer of
mustard in India after Rajasthan. Gonda, Bahraich, Mirzapur, Saharanpur, Sonbhadra, Kanpur, Sitrapur, Etah, Meerut, Faizabad, Etawah,
Sultanpur, Mathura, Aligarh and Bulandshahr are the main districts where mustard is grown.
• Rice:- Uttar Pradesh ranks 2nd in India in the production of rice after West Bengal. It is sown in the Terai region which includes Shravasti,
Maharajganj, Bahraich, Kushinagar, Deoria, Balrampur, Shahjahanpur, Mau, Varanasi, Lucknow, Ballia, Saharanpur and Pilibhit districts.
Rice is extensively grown in Shahjahanpur.
• Sugarcane:- It is the most important cash crop in the state. Uttar Pradesh ranks first in the terms of production of sugarcane in the
country. It is sown on the 13% of the total cultivable land in the state. It requires 100200 cm rainfall and clayey loam soil. It is grown in
two belts:
• Terai Belt: It includes Rampur, Bareilly, Pilibhit, Sitapur, LakhimpurKheri, Gonda, Faizabad, Azamgarh, Mau, Jaunpur, Basti, Ballia,
Maharajganj, Deoria and Gorakhpur districts.
• Ganga-Yamuna Doab: It includes Meerut, Muzaffarnagar, Ghaziabad, Bulandshahar, Aligarh, Saharanpur and Moradabad districts.
Muzaffarnagar is the largest producer of sugarcane. Uttar Pradesh Council of Sugarcane Research was established in1912 in
Shahjahanpur.
CLOTHING AND
TEXTILE
 CLOTHING AND TEXTILE
• Famous as shadow work, Chikankari embroidery is a very delicate and intricate work from the city of Lucknow. A skill
more than 200 years old, the embroidery is famous for its timeless grace and gossamer delicacy. Also known as Chikan,
the embroidery is traditionally done using a white untwisted cotton thread on colorless muslin popularly known as tanzeb
(the Muslim from Dacca).
• This form of embroidery came to India from Persia with Noor Jehan, the queen of the Mughal Emperor Jehangir. It is also
said that the word chikan is a derivative from the Persian word ‘chikaan‘ meaning drapery. The craft flourished under the
benign nawabi influence and later with the British influence designs became more formal resulting in an export market in
Europe and England.
• Material:-
• Originally, chikan embroidery was done with the untwisted white cotton thread on soft, white cotton fabric like muslin or
cambric. It was sometimes done on net to produce a kind of lace. Today chikan work is not only done with coloured
threads but on all kinds of fabrics like silk, crepe, georgette, organdie chiffon, and tassar.

• Technique
• In Chikankari, the design to be embroidered is printed on the fabric using wooden blocks dipped in fugitive colours, which
are commonly made by mixing a glue and indigo with water. For extra fine designs, brass-blocks are used sometimes.
• Everything about the colorful state of Uttar Pradesh is unique and mesmerizing. From the delicious food varieties to the age-old heritage this place
offers you a plethora of options to explore. The people here are very deeply rooted and attached to their centuries-old background which makes them
very interesting. A traveler can experience one of a kind traditions and beliefs through their art, handicrafts, cuisines, and culture. Another way of
immersing yourself completely into the real UP vibe is by observing and maybe even dressing up like the locals there. Being home to a multi-ethnic
population, if you observe closely you will see that the clothing of the residents here defines who they truly are. Here are some of the commonly
worn traditional dresses of Uttar Pradesh:

• Traditional Women Clothing :-

• Salwaar Kameez: This is a piece of clothing which is common to the women population of India and is not only restricted to this state.
Cotton Salwar Kameez is a great clothing option for the women of UP especially during the scorching and biting heat of June august.
The Chikankari styles of kurtas are world popular and are very commonly found in Lucknow but it is also famous for being expensive.

Sarees: It is another one of the commonly worn pieces of women’s clothing in UP and in India. A majority of the population wear Sarees
not just traditionally or casually but also formally. There are Sarees found in various patterns, styles and designs and UP is especially
famous for the heavy work Saree of Banares known as Banarasi Sarees. Women in villages also drape Sarees as a part of their everyday
life. Elaborate Sarees are worn by guests as well as brides during wedding occasions.
Ghagra Choli: A traditional Ghagra Choli is worn by locals during some special occasions like festivals or some Pujas. The Ghagra Choli
consists of an elaborately designed and decorated long skirt that goes with a beautiful and stylish blouse and a Dupatta which is a simple
piece of cloth that is worn around the neck. Dupattas are also found in Salwar Kameez set. A traditional Ghagra Choli worn by the women
in UP villages are brightly colored with various patterns

Accessories: The way a UP woman accessory herself looks like a work of art. It consists of main earrings, rings, toe rings, and nose
pins/rings along with Bindis. Married women adorn themselves with Sindoor, Bindi, a Mangalsutra and bangles. During weddings people
wear gold and silver jewellery which makes for their most prized possessions.
• Traditional Men Clothing :-
• Just as it is in the case of women clothing in UP, the way men dress up in the village, as well as cities and towns, is very different. Since this state
serves as the headquarters for many different industries local and multinational, the men here wear formal clothing at offices and workplaces as
well as traditional clothes during some event, festival or occasions and in village areas as well. People mainly like to wear shirts, trousers, jeans,
and t-shirts in different combinations. Here is everything you need to know about:
• Kurta Pajama: This is probably one of the most commonly worn clothing for men which mainly are made out of cotton clothing material. It is
readily available in various different colors and styles and even patterns. Men choose to wear them as daily wear or traditional wear as well. An
elaborate style of designer Kurta with Pajama is worn especially during some grand occasion like marriage event or some festival. It is the best
choice to wear since it provides with amazing comfort during the scorching summer heat months.
• Sherwani: This is one of the most extra and stylish styles of clothing which is worn by grooms during wedding days or some festival or the
other. A Sherwani consists of a finely tailored Kurta with elaborate designs adorned with shimmering designs. A Churidar Pajama is also worn
underneath it accompanied by a Dupatta which matches the pattern and color of the Sherwani’s Kurta and pajama. These sets are available in
varied prices and ranges showing differences in patterns, materials and the latest styles.
• Dhoti Kurta: As you will venture deeper into the village regions of UP you will encounter men wearing primarily cotton dhotis with a cotton
simple Kurta. This is the perfect thing to wear if you have a shoestring budget and a great way to beat the heat. Dhoti Kurta is a part of the daily
and casual wear among the locals of villages since it is also very economical. Both of these pieces of clothing can be bought from the market or
even be made from cloth.
• Accessories: People in rural areas or the traditional settings choose to include a Topi or a Pagdi. This serves multiple purposes of not just being
an accessory but also covers the head from the scorching heat while working outdoors or in the fields. Other than this, married men wear
different traditional accessories as a part of their traditions and beliefs.
• The traditional clothing worn by the local men and women of UP is more or less similar to the rest of India and clashes more with the clothing
wear of the northern Indian style of clothing. Since they experience similar climatic conditions and weather changes which enables them to
wear almost the same clothing as in the states of like Rajasthan, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh, etc
WEATHER FORECAST
AND ANNUAL
RAINFALL
INTRODUCTION
• Rainfall is an important meteorological parameter, which has direct application in fields like agriculture and other
related sectors of India. These sectors got affected by changes in the availability of water as well as adequate
climate.
• Amount of rainfall in an area helps to meet various demands, including agricultural, industrial,and domestic and
hydraTheulic power generation.
• The climate of uttar Pradesh is predominantly subtropical;
• However weather conditions change significantly with ,location and season

• Uttar Pradesh has 243000km2 area and also one of the most populous states with 199 million populations (2011
census). The large portion of this population is engaged in agricultural and allied activities and they contribute
approximately 42% of state economy. Uttar Pradesh has tropical monsoon climate with high temperature in summer,
high or low rainfall level and cooler winters; these climatic conditions put impact on natural resources, agriculture and
human being.

• Uttar Pradesh covers up 7.3% of land area and approximately 17% of India’s population resides in Uttar Pradesh.
Pressure of population is continuously increasing on land. Continuous increasing population and expansion of urban
area has put large scale pressure on land and on water resources
 EFFECT ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY

• Uttar Pradesh is a large state with 9 distinct agro climatic zones and along with this if data is being analyzed then it is
revealed that per capita availability of cereals, vegetables, fruits is more than the demand which exceeds the dietary
provision suggested by Indian council of medical research whereas per capita availability of nutritious food items
like protein rich pulses, and milk is less than the demand. It is being revealed that out of total area of food grains
crop (19.8 million Hectare) about 6.6 million hectare is taken out of farming and approximately production loss of 14
million tons of food grains. That is the reason there is the need to develop food security strategies to avoid hunger
and mal nutrition in the populous state like Uttar Pradesh and more over Uttar Pradesh is the agrarian state and also
has the highest cropped area of 25,785,000 hectare.
WATER RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
 INTRODUCTION

• Water is a critical input for agricultural production and plays an important

• role in food security. Irrigated agriculture represents 20 percent of the
• total cultivated land and contributes 40 percent of the total food produced
• worldwide.
• Agricultural water management (AWM) seeks to use water in a way that provides
• crops and animals the amount of water they need, enhances productivity, and
• conserves natural resources for the benefit of downstream users and ecosystem
• services.
• Irrigation sources are not even everywhere in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
• It has variations in terms of plenty of water supply and many parts of the
• state are facing scarcity.

• After the introduction of new agricultural technology within Uttar Pradesh

• has resulted in the advancement in the use of NPK fertilizers, insecticides,
• weedicides which has raised the demand for water supply for growing crops.
• However, overuse of groundwater has led to a significant drop in the water
• table in the state.

• The sources of irrigation such as canal irrigation, tubewell irrigation,

• etc. are followed in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
• Uttar Pradesh has above 30 lakh hectares under canal irrigation which is 31
• per cent of the total canal irrigated area of the country. Over one-fourth
• of the net irrigated area of the state is irrigated by canals.

•
• The state is drained by perennial rivers originating in the snow covered
• Himalayan ranges and is blessed with fertile soils.

• A canal is an artificial channel that is constructed to carry water to the

• fields to perform irrigation. The water is taken either from the river, tank
• or reservoirs. The canals can be constructed either by means of concrete,
• stone, brick or any sort of flexible membrane which solves the durability
• issues like seepage and erosion.
ORGANIC FARMING
Organic farming is a method of crop and livestock production that involves
much more than choosing not to use pesticides, fertilizers, genetically
modified organisms, antibiotics and growth hormones.

The principal goal of organic production is to develop enterprises that are

sustainable and harmonious with the environment.

Organic farming promotes the use of crop rotations and cover crops,
and encourages balanced host/predator relationships.

Organic residues and nutrients produced on the farm are recycled back to the
soil. Cover crops and composted manure are used to maintain soil organic
matter and fertility. Preventative insect and disease control methods are
practiced, including crop rotation, improved genetics and resistant varieties.
• This is a holistic system designed to optimize the productivity
• and fitness of diverse communities within the agro-ecosystem, including
• soil organisms, plants, livestock and people. The principal goal of organic
• production is to develop enterprises that are sustainable and harmonious
• with the environment.
• The organic farming process is more eco-friendly than conventional
• farming. Organic farming keeps soil healthy and maintains environment
• integrity thereby, promoting the health of consumers. Moreover, the
• organic produce market is now the fastest growing market all over the
• world including India.

• Organic farming has seen a drastic overall development in

• almost every crop type due to increase in awareness in food security and
• environmental safety. Health conscious consumers today will support the
• growth of the organic agricultural sector in many ways.The system does not
• imply the simple replacement of synthetic fertilizers and other chemical
• inputs with organic inputs and biologically active formulations. Instead,
• it envisages a comprehensive management approach to improve the health and
• Organic farming has seen a drastic overall development in
• almost every crop type due to increase in awareness in food security and
• environmental safety. Health conscious consumers today will support the
• growth of the organic agricultural sector in many ways.The system does not
• imply the simple replacement of synthetic fertilizers and other chemical
• inputs with organic inputs and biologically active formulations. Instead,
• it envisages a comprehensive management approach to improve the health and
• the underlying productivity of the soil.
THANK YOU…