TOURISM IN INDIA

JIA JINDAL X-B K/2721

MAYO COLLEGE GIRLS SCHOOL, AJMER 2021-22

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to express my deep gratitude and sincere thanks to the Principal, Ms. Kanchan Khandke, Mayo College
Girls’ School, Ajmer for her encouragement and for all the facilities that she provided for this project work. I
sincerely appreciate this magnanimity by taking me into her fold for which I shall remain indebted to her. I extend
my hearty thanks to Mrs. Raina Sharma, Geography teacher, who guided me to the successful completion of this
project. I take this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude for her invaluable guidance, constant
encouragement, immense motivation, which has sustained my efforts at all stages of this project work.
I can’t forget to offer my sincere thanks to parents and also my classmates who helped me to carry out this project
work successfully and for their valuable advice and support, which I received from them time to time.
CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM
HISTORY OF TOURISM IN INDIA
SIGNIFICANCE OF TOURISM IN INDIA
TYPES OF TOURISM
FAMOUS TOURIST DESTINATIONS IN INDIA
CONTRIBUTIONS MADE IN DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
CHALLENGES FACED BY TOURISM INDUSTRIES
MEASURES TAKEN BY TOURISM INDUSTRIES
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION
TO
TOURISM
Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which
entails the movement of people to places outside their usual
environment or habitat for personal, professional or recreational
purposes.

Tourism was mainly traditional in its early form. With the

evolution of cultures, economies, and knowledge, tourism took a
different form called sustainable tourism with the aspect of
well-planned tour, well-studied destination, and conservation of
destination.
HISTORY OF TOURISM IN INDIA

The history of tourism in India had started through traveling of people within the county or abroad for
doing trade and obtaining higher education. Traveling is not a new concept. It was exercised from the
ancient time. During the age of Great Ashoka, he traveled to spread the doctrine of Buddha. Dharmshalas
and rest houses were built during that period for rest and stay of the travelers. Buddhist monasteries were
also built for the pilgrims.
 The Arthashastra also reveals the importance of travel infrastructure for the state, classification of routes
and the type of transport used.
Traveling for pleasure on the riverside and hills stations was a tradition started by royal courts. However,
such movement attracted all those willing to escape from the cities to the serenity of retreat. Development of
resorts in India took place during the Mughal age.
However, over the years, a complex character of tourism came into existence. Growth of technology, increase
in income, improved facilities of travel as per requirement and affordability and newer modes of transport
contribute to the modern tourism in India. The rail service and air travel service gave boost to the tourism
sector in the year of 1853 and 1963 respectively. International air transport service was also introduced by
Air India to few countries like UK and Nairobi with some limit. Now  it has become accessible to all the
countries with a number of private travel airlines from India.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF TOURISM IN INDIA
QUICK FACTS
• Tourism is usually viewed as being
multidimensional, possessing physical,
social, cultural, economic and political
characteristics.
• Worldwide tourism is ranked second highest
revenue-generating industry. Tourism
industry is one of the emerging industries
capable of shaping the entire economic
potential of a nation.
• It is one of the most important civil industry
of the world contributing about 10% to the
world’s GNP.
• Tourism is the most important industry in
the service sector of the Indian economy.
Over the decades, tourism has experienced continued
growth and deepening diversification to become one of
the fastest growing economic sectors in the world.
Modern tourism is closely linked to development and
encompasses growing number of new destinations.
These dynamics have turned tourism into a key driver
for socio- economic progress. Today, the business
volume of tourism equals or even surpasses that of oil
exports, food products or automobiles. Tourism has
become one of the major players in international
commerce, and represents at the same time one of the
main income sources for many developing countries.
This growth goes hand in hand with an increasing
diversification and competition among destinations.
This global spread of tourism in industrialized and
developed states has produced economic and
employment benefits in many related sectors - from
construction to agriculture or telecommunications.
TYPES OF TOURISM TOURISM CAN BE CATEGORISED ON THE
BASIS OF THE PURPOSE OF TRAVEL INTO THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES:

Meetings

Incentive
Business

TOURISM
Conference Cultural
Heritage
Exhibitions Religious
Medical

Adventure and
Mass tourism
Sports
Family
Leisure Social Hill tourism
Niche tourism
Wildlife
Ecotourism
Beach tourism
TYPES OF TOURISM- BUSINESS TOURISM

Business Tourism: Business executives and technicians have to often

travel to different places on account of their business. Such visits can be
for installation of equipment, inspection of goods, attending business
meetings conferences, participation in travel fairs and exhibitions,
marketing of products etc. Incentive tourism has emerged as a popular
means of rewarding the employees for special achievements and
contributions. The employees are given free tickets or holiday packages
to selected 18 destinations all paid by the company. These are given as
added perks to keep the interest of the executives who are the achievers
for the company. The executives also get holiday on company account
and some time it is given for the whole family with attractive packages
including shopping vouchers. This segment has been referred to as
MICE – Meetings, Incentives, Conferences and Exhibitions.
TYPES OF TOURISM- LEISURE TOURISM
• Mass Tourism: Mass tourism is a form of tourism that involves tens
of thousands of people going to the same resort often at the same
time of year.  It is the most popular form of tourism as it is often the
cheapest way to holiday, and is often sold as a package deal.  A
package deal is one in which all of the tourists needs are catered for
by one company (such as Thomas Cook), these needs include
travel/flights, activities, accommodation etc. These types of holiday
are often the opposite to sustainable tourism, extreme
tourism and ecological tourism.
• Niche Tourism: The concept of ‘niche tourism’ has emerged in recent
years in counter-point to ‘mass tourism’. It implies a more
sophisticated set of practices that distinguish and differentiate tourists.
Niche tourism represents diversity and ways of marking difference. For
destination managers and planners seeking to utilize tourism as a
mechanism for economic development, niche tourism approach appears
to offer greater opportunities and a tourism that is more sustainable, less
damaging and, importantly, more capable of delivering high-spending
tourists. For tourists, niche tourism appears to offer a more meaningful
set of experiences in the knowledge that their needs and wants are being
met.
TYPES OF TOURISM- NICHE TOURISM

• Heritage Tourism : India with vast cultural and religious heritage and varied natural attractions has immense potential of growth in the tourism sector.

• Medical Tourism : When people travel from one place to another place, across the international border, to receive some form of medical treatment.

• Sports and Adventure Tourism : A number of countries and destinations have high class facilities for certain kind of sports activities and they
become destinations by virtue of those specific sports. People who are interested in such sport rush towards that destination. Adventure tourism is a
type of tourism in which tourist indulge in some adventure activities like skydiving, hill climbing, scuba diving etc.

• Social Tourism : India has good number of people settled overseas (popularly known as N.R.Is) and they have strong family ties in India. Many of
them also visit India for social functions like Marriage, Birthday functions, festivals etc. They mainly travel to discover their roots and get themselves
familiarized with the environment in which their ancestors had lived.

• Ecotourism : Hills, Island in the Sun, walk on the nature trail etc., are the places where new breed of tourists are keen to visit. Many people are
looking for clear water, clean air, clean beaches. Quite distinct from the resort tourists are the wanderlust tourists who like to move around lesser
known places, meet new people, experience environment, see and appreciate unusual customs traditions, festivals and local food. They like to travel to
destinations where pollution is nil, offering natural environment and adequate facilities. Viewing wildlife in its natural environment is very popular and
special interest tourism. These tourists are driven to forests and wildlife park by their desire to be with nature and to have glimpse of their favorite animals in their
natural habitat.
 FAMOUS
TOURIST
DESTINATIONS
IN INDIA

DELHI

AGRA

RAJASTHAN
 • Delhi is both a union territory, as well as a city, and features two very different worlds:
New Delhi and Old Delhi. The former, inaugurated by the British in 1931 to serve as
the imperial capital, is the nation's modern capital and seat of government, while
Old Delhi is considered by many as the symbolic heart of the greater metropolitan
area.

• One of the most populous regions in the world, Delhi is a heady amalgamation of
tradition and modernity, important as both a religious center and India's busiest
international gateway. Its history is as old as the ancient Yamuna River, one of the
DELHI most sacred rivers in Hinduism and a natural dividing line between New Delhi to the
west and Old Delhi to the east.

• Things to see and do in Delhi and New Delhi are plentiful and include experiencing its
diverse arts and crafts industry; its many magnificent monuments; countless
performing arts venues; and its excellent cuisine, including delicacies from every
corner of India.

• Delhi is also a shopper's paradise with numerous bazaars and markets, including
Chandni Chowk, the country's most famous commercial area.

• India's capital has Mughal-era Red Fort, the Jama Masjid mosque & national
monuments along the Rajpath.
 • If there is sentence that could describe Rajasthan, it would be “The Crown in
the Jewel”. Despite the abundance of astounding places in India, it is Rajasthan
that is the cynosure of all, as the myriad experiences that you can get in
Rajasthan remain unparalleled.
RAJASTHAN • Rajasthan has a plethora of panoramic landscapes, mouth-watering delicacies,
colourful customs, and fun activities like camel riding.

• Rajasthan narrates the tales of romance and bravery through its imposing forts,
desert landscape, and mighty palaces. Having seen ancient eras go by, the
Indian state has a lot of mesmerizing sites on display.

• Rajasthan is home to legendary cities like Jaipur, Jodhpur, Udaipur, Jaisalmer

and many more, which are constructed by tribal communities and Rajput
warriors in the ancient eras.
 • Located on the banks of River Yamuna in Uttar Pradesh, Agra is a popular tourist
destination as it is home to one of the 7 wonders of the world, the Taj Mahal. It is a sneak
peek into the architectural history and legacy of the Mughal empire with two
other UNESCO World Heritage Sites Agra Fort and Fatehpur Sikri. History,
architecture, romance all together create the magic of Agra, and hence, makes for a must-
visit for anyone living in or visiting India.

AGRA • Agra is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and 24th most populous city in
India. With its long and rich history, it is no wonder that Agra forms part of the
popular Golden Triangle Circuit for tourists along with Delhi and Jaipur. It is also a part
of the Uttar Pradesh Heritage Arc including Varanasi and Lucknow. History fanatics and
architecture buffs are sure to have a ball here with the sheer expanse of the Mughal art and
culture on display.

• Apart from its monuments, Agra has some exciting stuff for foodies. It is as famous for
its Petha (a sweet made from pumpkin and flavored with rose water and saffron) as it is for
the Taj Mahal. Agra is also well known for its marble artefacts which are best bought in
the Sadar Bazaar or Kinaari Bazaar area. 
 CHALLENGES TO TOURISM INDUSTRIES

• The foregoing analysis of the growth of tourism in India shows that although the industry
has registered an all round substantial development in the country during the last two-
three decades, most of the potential, for its growth has not yet been exploited and much
more is left to be desired. The limited, and rather unsatisfactory, growth of this industry in
our country has been due to a number of problems it is beset with and various difficulties
it has been facing. The important factors, which have limited the growth of tourism in
India, are mentioned below:
• Inadequate airline capacity, particularly during the peak tourist season, bad conditions of
our airports, delays in getting the bookings, flight cancellations and delays render air
travel in India nightmarish for foreign tourists.
• Due to appalling conditions of traveling by trains, in India tourists prefer to avoid unless
unavoidable.
• Lack of hygienic and comfortable accommodation for the tourists, in general, but
reasonable good accommodation for low spending middle class tourists in particular,
render tourism unattractive. Absence of motel hampers the smoothness, of long distance
travels.
• There is absence of an up to date information systems with quick retrieval facilities causes
inconvenience to tourists.
• Another major factor inhibiting the growth of tourism is the seasonality of the industry
with the busy season being limited to six months from October to March and heavy rush
in November and December.
• Lack of an integrated tourism promotion program during the five-year plan periods has
hindered the growth of tourism.
• Indifference of many states and union territories to tourism, which has not yet been
accorded industry status by them, is another factor limiting its growth.
• Next factor is the failure of the mandarins of tourism to quickly adopt to the changing
environment, for example the temporary closure of Jammu and Kashmir to tourists and
socio-political and religious agitations in other northern states of the country rendering
them unattractive to tourists, by developing and promoting alternative tourists destinations
in South India
 IMPORTANT
STATISTICS FOR
INDIAN TOURISM
INDUSTRY
TO SUMMARIZE:

• Indian Tourism is the rapid growing industry. India is a country which has several
unique temples famous for its cultural heritage, various wildlife sanctuaries and it
is surrounded by Indian Ocean, Himalayas, Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea. It’s a
Multilingual Country where people speak different languages. Every foreigner
has a dream to visit this fascinating country. It has many tourist attractions like
waterfalls, Deserts, Famous river bodies like Ganga, Yamuna, and Indus etc.

• India Tourism Campaign was promoted by many Indian Celebrities and its
tagline is “Atithi Devo Bhava” which means honoring the guest as God. This
happens only in India. Whenever a guest enters in India, it’s our prime duty to
treat them with respect and provide best services. Indians treat their foreign
guests with enthusiasm. India Tourism is today one of the largest service industry.
Its campaign “Incredible India” was developed by Ministry of Tourism. This
industry is based on certain standards which are: Safai(Cleanliness),
Surakshaa(Security), Sahyog(Cooperation), Suchna(Information),
Sanrachna(Infrastructure), Swagat(Welcome), and Suvidha(Facilitation).
https://www.ibef.com
https://www.the-maharajas.com
http://www.shanlaxjournals.in/com-v1
-n4/
https://www.holidify.com/places/agra
https://www.tourism.rajasthan.gov.in/c
ontent/rajasthan-tourism/en/experience
/travel-diaries/rodiesthan.html
https://vitaratours.com/tourist-destinati
ons/india-tourist-destinations/delhi//
http://docplayer.net/21627223-Chapter
-iv-history-of-tourism-in-india-tourism
-in-the-early-period.html
https://www.unwto.org/why-tourism BIBLIOGRAPHY
https://www.unwto.org/glossary-touris
m-terms