DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND

MANAGEMENT (DRRM)
 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

 aims to reduce the damage caused by

natural hazards like earthquakes, floods,
droughts and cyclones, through an ethic of
prevention. Disasters often follow
natural hazards. A disaster's severity depends
on how much impact a hazard has on society
and the environment.
 The importance of disaster risk
reduction management
 It helps us identify and map local capacities to
cope with these hazards. Ultimately,
the DRR approach helps us conduct
effective disaster response while reducing
risks that similar disasters will reoccur. It also
ensures that our emergency response does no
harm by replacing or reinstating critical
vulnerabilities.
 What is disaster?
 A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously
disrupts the functioning of a community or society and
causes human, material, and economic or environmental
losses that exceed the community's or society's ability to
cope using its own resources. Though often caused by
nature, disasters can have human origins.
 Disruption on a massive scale, either natural or man-
made, occurring in short or long periods of time
 is a destructive event that occurs suddenly and involves
loss of life and property. Earthquakes, volcanic activity,
tsunamis, floods, cyclones, landslides, avalanches and
droughts are natural disasters and man has no control over
them.
Example of disaster

FIRE
Example of disaster

EARTHQUAKE
Example of disaster

LANDSLIDE
 Example of disaster

TYPHOON AND CYCLONES

Example of disaster

TSUNAMI
Example of disaster

VOLCANIC ERUPTION
What is hazard?

• A hazard is a potential
source of harm.
Substances, events, or
circumstances can
constitute hazards when
their nature would allow
them, even just
theoretically, to cause
damage to health, life,
property, or any other
interest of value.
 What is Risk?
• Risk is the chance or
probability that a person
will be harmed or
experience an adverse
health effect if exposed
to a hazard. It may also
apply to situations with
property or equipment
loss, or harmful effects
on the environment.
 What is Resilience?

• an ability to recover from or adjust easily to

misfortune or change.
R Responsible Leadership

E Enhancing Capacities

Stakeholder ship and Engaging

S Communities

I Innovative Strategies and Systems

L Legislative Support

I Information Cultivation

E Ensuring business continuity

N Networking Building

C Communication and Advocacy

E Evaluation and Documentation

 Climate change and its adaptation to
disaster risk reduction

Sea level rise, Earthquakes,

air temperature Volcanic
increase and Eruptions and
snowmelts chemical spills

Increase frequency and/or intensity of climate

related hazards.
Example : Floods, storms, drought and landslide
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10121
Otherwise known as PDRRM Act of
2010
 Republic Act No. 10121
Otherwise known as PDRRM Act of 2010

An Act Strengthening the Philippine Disaster

Risk Reduction and Management System,
Providing for the National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Framework,
Institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Plan,
Appropriating Funds Therefore, and for Other
Purposes.
 RA NO. 10121

21 years in the making

7 Congresses
4 Administrations
Signed into Law on May 27,
2010
 Republic Act No. 10121
 Provides a comprehensive, all-hazard, multi-sectoral, inter-
agency, and community-based approaches to disaster risk
management through the formulation of the National
Disaster Risk Management Framework.
It aims to have:
 Effective integration of disaster risk considerations into
sustainable policies, planning and programming at all levels.
 Development and strengthening of institutions, mechanisms
and capacities at all levels.
 PD 1566 RA 10121
June 11, 1978 May 27, 2010

 Strengthens the
Strengthen the
Philippine Disaster
PDDRM System
Control Capability
Provides for the
 Established the NDRRM Framework
National Program Institutionalizes
on Community the NDRRM Plan
Disaster Appropriate Funds
Preparedness
INSTITUTIONALIZING

DRRM
 RA 10
1 ???
? ?? ? ?
C RR M P
DC ND
N
?
NDRR DR
MC ? R M ?
? ? ??
PDRRM ???
 PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT
( PDRRM)

PD 1566 RA 10121
(1982) (2010)

NATIONAL DISASTER NATIONAL DISASTER RISK

RISK COORDINATING REUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
COUNCIL COUNCIL
(NDDC) (NDRRMC)

DISASTER RELIEF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

& RESPONSE & MANAGEMENT

*
 DISASTER RELIEF &
DISASTER RELIEF &
RESPONSE
RESPONSE

1. BOTTOM-UP
1. TOP- DOWN
APPROACH
APPROACH
2. DISASTERS REFLECT
2. DISASTERS AS
AS PEOPLE’S
PHYSICAL HAZARDS
VULNERABILITY
3. DISASTER RESPONSE
3. INTEGRATED
& ANTICIPATION
APRROACH TO REDUCE
DISASTER RISKS

REACTIVE PROACTIVE

24
 DRRM
Disaster Risk Reduction Management

- is a systematic process of using

administrative directives,organizations, and
operational skills in order to lessen the
impacts of hazards and possibilities of
disaster.

25
BASIS OF RA
10121 ?
NDRRMF
 HYOGO FRAMEWORK
 SENDAI FRAMEWORK

NDRRMP
NDRRMF
NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

approved on June 16 ,2011

principle guide to and serve as an essential supporting structure of Disaster
Risk Reduction & Management (DRRM) to the efforts of the country.
VISION: Safer, adaptive, and disaster- resilient Filipino communities
towards sustainable development.

EXAMPLES: Hyogo Framework & Sendai Framework

27
 HYOGO FRAMEWORK OF
ACTION (HFA)
2005-2015
 Global blueprint for disaster risk reduction efforts
between 2005-2015
 Adopted at the World Conference on Disaster
Risk Reduction held in the year 2005 at
Kobe,Hyogo, Japan.
 VISION: Building Resilience of Nations &
Communities to Disasters.

28
5 Priorities of Action

 Disaster Preparedness
 Knowledge Management
 Governance
 Risk Assessment
 Vulnerability Reduction

29
 SENDAI FRAMEWORK
(2015-2030)

 aims to achieve the reduction of disaster risk,

losses of lives including all its aspects
(livelihood, health, economic,physical, social,
etc.) and assets (businesses, communities,
countries, etc.)
 Over the next 15 years
 Adopted at the Third UN World Conference on
Disaster Risk Reduction in the year 2015 at
Sendai, Japan.

30
4 PRIORITIES OF ACTION
 Understanding Disaster Risk
 Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance to manage
Disaster Risk
 Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience
 Enhancing Disaster Preparedness for effective response
& build back better recovery, rehabilitation, and
reconstruction.

31
 HYOGO SENDAI
* DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

* DISASTER RISK REDUCTION * BUILDING RESILIENCE

MITIGATE DISASTERS
BEFORE,DURING, AFTER

2005- 2015 2015-2030

32
 TIMELINE
HYOGO FRAMEWORK
OF ACTION
???

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2030 2031

SENDAI FRAMEWORK

33
NDRRMP
NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION & MANAGEMENT PLAN

February 2012
provides the legal basis for policies, plans and programs to deal with
disasters
increase resilience of vulnerable sectors by building adaptive
community.

NDRRMP covers four thematic areas

34
Geographical Profile
in the Philippines
The Philippines is famous for idyllic beaches, friendly locals, and
breathtaking natural beauty. However, due to its location, it’s also
a country that can be affected by natural disasters. The most
common natural disasters in the Philippines are:

• Typhoon and violent storms- Every year, 19 typhoons

enter the Philippine region and about 7 or 8 make
landfall.

• Volcanic eruptions- There are currently 23 active

volcanoes in the Philippines.

• Earthquakes- The Philippines is considered an

earthquake zone, where more than 30 earthquakes can
take place in just one year.

• Flooding's and landslides

The Philippines’ extreme exposure
to a myriad of natural hazard risks is
reflected by the inclusion of 8 of the
country’s cities among the ten most
at risk globally, including:

• Tuguegarao (2nd),
• Lucena (3rd),
• Manila (4th),
• San Fernando (5th) and
• Cabantuan (6th)
 Why is Philippines prone to
natural disaster?
The Philippines is located in an area affected by natural disasters called the Ring of Fire
or Typhoon Belt. This is a Pacific Ocean region that experiences a great number of
volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.

Ring of Fire
• is a region around much of the rim of the Pacific
Ocean where many volcanic eruptions and
earthquakes occur.
• is a horseshoe-shaped belt about 40,000 km
long and up to about 500 km wide.
 CLIMATE CHANGE
• The Philippines is highly
vulnerable to the impacts of
climate change, including sea
level rise, increased frequency of
extreme weather events, rising
temperatures and extreme
rainfall.

• It was confirmed that this

warming of the climate system
since the mid-20th century is
most likely caused by human
activities; and thus, is due to the
observed increase in greenhouse
gas concentrations from human
activities, such as the burning of
fossil fuels and land use change.
--------------------------------------------------------
Disasters that happened in the Philippines
--------------------------------------------------------

Mt. Pinatubo: 1991 Landslide: Naga Cebu: Typhoon Ondoy: 2009

2018

Typhoon Yolanda: 2013 Earthquake: Bohol:

2013
 Reducing Disaster Risk
Structural Non-structural
• Relocation • Raised community
• Building codes and area with basic human
regulatory measures needs
• Structural Modification • Training and proper
• Increased access to awareness
hospitals/medical centers • Flood warning system
• Establishment for • Local disaster action
evacuation centers plans
• Regular conducting of
drills and exercises

Structural and non-structural measures undertaken to limit the adverse impact of natural hazards